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New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | 'The '''Čukur Fountain incident''' ({{lang-sr|Инцидент на Чукур-чесми/Incident na Čukur-česmi}}) refers to a series of events in June 1862 in [[Belgrade]], at the time the capital of the Ottoman subject state of [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]]. On 15 June (O.S. 3 June) a group of Ottoman ''[[Nizam-i Djedid Army|nizami]]'' (soldiers) and Serbs quarreled by the [[Čukur Fountain]], ending with a wounded Serb apprentice boy. This sparked
==Background==
Since 1813, with the Ottoman suppression of the [[First Serbian Uprising]] (1804–13), the city of Belgrade had been under a type of dual government. The [[Belgrade Fortress]] was garrisoned by Ottoman ([[Turks (term for Muslims)|"Turkish"]]) soldiers and the surrounding part of Belgrade was inhabited by Turks, primarily the families of the soldiers, living under an Ottoman administration. The rest of Belgrade was inhabited by Serbs under their own administration. Prior to the events of June 1862, there had been a series of conflicts between the Serbians and Turks.<ref name=debate1863>{{cite book|title=The Parliamentary Debates|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tClDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA17|year=1863|publisher=Cornelius Buck|pages=13–18}}</ref>{{better source}}
==Events==
The event near the Čukur Fountain happened in the afternoon of 15 June 1862 (3 June according to the old calendar) on Dobračina Street in Belgrade.<ref>V. Bubanj, The Drinking Fountains of Belgrade, Belgrade, 1986, 27–39</ref> It was a hot summer day and many people were drinking water from a well including a young apprentice named Sava Petković, Turkish ''nizame'' (soldiers) and others. A fight broke out between Petković and one or more of the Turkish soldiers. Accounts of the events differ; Petković was either driven off and beaten,<ref name=debate1863/>, stabbed with a bayonet or hit on the head with the water pitcher.<ref name=veskovic2010>{{cite book|last1=Vesković|first1=Ivana|title=Čukur česma = Čukur fountain|date=2010|publisher=The Cultural Heritage Protection Institute of the City of Belgrade |location=Belgrade|isbn=978-86-81157-45-9}}</ref> Whatever the means, Petković was killed.
Serbian [[gendarmes]] arrived quickly and arrested the soldiers. However, more Turkish soldiers arrived and a verbal dispute began. An interpreter with the Belgrade police, Sima Nešić, tried to mediate between the Turkish soldiers and the Serbian gendarmes, but the Turkish soldiers started shooting and Nešić was killed.<ref name=veskovic2010/> The commander of the Serbian guard, Ivko Prokić, tried to remove the Turks from the scene but more shots were fired and the incident escalated into a citywide conflict which lasted the entire night.<ref name=veskovic2010/>
The news about the incident spread around Belgrade, and Serbian rioters armed themselves with old guns, ''yataghans'' (swords) and ''handžars'' (knives), and quickly overtook the [[Gates of Belgrade|Varoš Gate]],<ref>S. G. Bogunović, ''Architectural encyclopaedia of Belgrade of the XIX and XX century, Architecture'' (I), Belgrade 2005</ref> and destroyed the [[Sava Gate|Sava]] and [[Stambol Gate|Stambol]] gates.<ref>{{cite book|last=Markovitch|first=E.|title=Letter to the Right Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliament assembled [upon the position and grievances of the principality of Servia].|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G7RbAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA18|year=1863|pages=7–8}}</ref>
On the following day, 16 June, a truce was worked out by the foreign [[consul]]s in the city, especially [[John Augustus Longworth]], British Consul-General. Under the terms of the truce, the [[Pasha]] in charge of the fortress agreed to remove his police from the town and the Serbian prime minister, [[Ilija Garašanin]], in turn, guaranteed their safety during the move.<ref>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=William|title=The Ottman Empire and Its Successors, 1801 -1927|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Bw9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA254|year=1936|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=253–255|id=GGKEY:5L37WGKCT4N}}</ref>
On 17 June, the Pasha summoned the consuls to the fortress and while they were still underway, 56 fortress cannons began to shell Belgrade. About 50 civilians and soldiers died, about 20 houses were burnt down, and another 357 damaged.<ref name=veskovic2010 /> It is not known why the Pasha ordered this attack. Some sources, including the British Secretary of Foreign Affairs Earl Russel, suggested that the bombardment was triggered by Serbians firing muskets at the fortress.<ref name=debate1863 /> Longworth, on the other hand, concluded that the bombardment was "the mere result of panic and false alarm".<ref>{{cite book|title=British and Foreign State Papers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ40AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA409|volume=LVI|year=1870|publisher=William Ridgeway|page=409}}</ref>
Prince [[Mihailo Obrenović III]],<ref>M. Timotijević, The Myth about the national hero saviour and the erection of the monument to the Duke Mihailo M. Obrenović III, Heritage IV, Belgrade 2002.</ref> who was in [[Šabac]] at the time, returned to Belgrade immediately. During July of the same year, in [[Kanlıca]], near [[Constantinople]], the negotiations about the independence of Serbia started, with the participation of France, England, Russia and Austria. It was decided that the Turkish population must leave Serbia and, during the following year, more than eight thousand Turks were displaced.
The [[High Porte|Porte]] agreed to entrust some of the towns to Mihailo: first Belgrade, then [[Kladovo]], [[Smederevo]] and Šabac, and then many more. In 1867, Duke Mihailo obtained the keys of the Belgrade fortress, and the ceremony was held on 6 April on the Kalemegdan.<ref>[http://www.toozajecar.co.rs/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=41&Itemid=36 "Туристичка организација града Зајечара"], 10 October 2013.]</ref>{{better source}}
==References==
{{reflist}}' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,1 +1,22 @@
+The '''Čukur Fountain incident''' ({{lang-sr|Инцидент на Чукур-чесми/Incident na Čukur-česmi}}) refers to a series of events in June 1862 in [[Belgrade]], at the time the capital of the Ottoman subject state of [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]]. On 15 June (O.S. 3 June) a group of Ottoman ''[[Nizam-i Djedid Army|nizami]]'' (soldiers) and Serbs quarreled by the [[Čukur Fountain]], ending with a wounded Serb apprentice boy. This sparked
+==Background==
+Since 1813, with the Ottoman suppression of the [[First Serbian Uprising]] (1804–13), the city of Belgrade had been under a type of dual government. The [[Belgrade Fortress]] was garrisoned by Ottoman ([[Turks (term for Muslims)|"Turkish"]]) soldiers and the surrounding part of Belgrade was inhabited by Turks, primarily the families of the soldiers, living under an Ottoman administration. The rest of Belgrade was inhabited by Serbs under their own administration. Prior to the events of June 1862, there had been a series of conflicts between the Serbians and Turks.<ref name=debate1863>{{cite book|title=The Parliamentary Debates|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tClDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA17|year=1863|publisher=Cornelius Buck|pages=13–18}}</ref>{{better source}}
+
+==Events==
+The event near the Čukur Fountain happened in the afternoon of 15 June 1862 (3 June according to the old calendar) on Dobračina Street in Belgrade.<ref>V. Bubanj, The Drinking Fountains of Belgrade, Belgrade, 1986, 27–39</ref> It was a hot summer day and many people were drinking water from a well including a young apprentice named Sava Petković, Turkish ''nizame'' (soldiers) and others. A fight broke out between Petković and one or more of the Turkish soldiers. Accounts of the events differ; Petković was either driven off and beaten,<ref name=debate1863/>, stabbed with a bayonet or hit on the head with the water pitcher.<ref name=veskovic2010>{{cite book|last1=Vesković|first1=Ivana|title=Čukur česma = Čukur fountain|date=2010|publisher=The Cultural Heritage Protection Institute of the City of Belgrade |location=Belgrade|isbn=978-86-81157-45-9}}</ref> Whatever the means, Petković was killed.
+
+Serbian [[gendarmes]] arrived quickly and arrested the soldiers. However, more Turkish soldiers arrived and a verbal dispute began. An interpreter with the Belgrade police, Sima Nešić, tried to mediate between the Turkish soldiers and the Serbian gendarmes, but the Turkish soldiers started shooting and Nešić was killed.<ref name=veskovic2010/> The commander of the Serbian guard, Ivko Prokić, tried to remove the Turks from the scene but more shots were fired and the incident escalated into a citywide conflict which lasted the entire night.<ref name=veskovic2010/>
+
+The news about the incident spread around Belgrade, and Serbian rioters armed themselves with old guns, ''yataghans'' (swords) and ''handžars'' (knives), and quickly overtook the [[Gates of Belgrade|Varoš Gate]],<ref>S. G. Bogunović, ''Architectural encyclopaedia of Belgrade of the XIX and XX century, Architecture'' (I), Belgrade 2005</ref> and destroyed the [[Sava Gate|Sava]] and [[Stambol Gate|Stambol]] gates.<ref>{{cite book|last=Markovitch|first=E.|title=Letter to the Right Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliament assembled [upon the position and grievances of the principality of Servia].|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G7RbAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA18|year=1863|pages=7–8}}</ref>
+
+On the following day, 16 June, a truce was worked out by the foreign [[consul]]s in the city, especially [[John Augustus Longworth]], British Consul-General. Under the terms of the truce, the [[Pasha]] in charge of the fortress agreed to remove his police from the town and the Serbian prime minister, [[Ilija Garašanin]], in turn, guaranteed their safety during the move.<ref>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=William|title=The Ottman Empire and Its Successors, 1801 -1927|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Bw9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA254|year=1936|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=253–255|id=GGKEY:5L37WGKCT4N}}</ref>
+
+On 17 June, the Pasha summoned the consuls to the fortress and while they were still underway, 56 fortress cannons began to shell Belgrade. About 50 civilians and soldiers died, about 20 houses were burnt down, and another 357 damaged.<ref name=veskovic2010 /> It is not known why the Pasha ordered this attack. Some sources, including the British Secretary of Foreign Affairs Earl Russel, suggested that the bombardment was triggered by Serbians firing muskets at the fortress.<ref name=debate1863 /> Longworth, on the other hand, concluded that the bombardment was "the mere result of panic and false alarm".<ref>{{cite book|title=British and Foreign State Papers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ40AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA409|volume=LVI|year=1870|publisher=William Ridgeway|page=409}}</ref>
+
+Prince [[Mihailo Obrenović III]],<ref>M. Timotijević, The Myth about the national hero saviour and the erection of the monument to the Duke Mihailo M. Obrenović III, Heritage IV, Belgrade 2002.</ref> who was in [[Šabac]] at the time, returned to Belgrade immediately. During July of the same year, in [[Kanlıca]], near [[Constantinople]], the negotiations about the independence of Serbia started, with the participation of France, England, Russia and Austria. It was decided that the Turkish population must leave Serbia and, during the following year, more than eight thousand Turks were displaced.
+
+The [[High Porte|Porte]] agreed to entrust some of the towns to Mihailo: first Belgrade, then [[Kladovo]], [[Smederevo]] and Šabac, and then many more. In 1867, Duke Mihailo obtained the keys of the Belgrade fortress, and the ceremony was held on 6 April on the Kalemegdan.<ref>[http://www.toozajecar.co.rs/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=41&Itemid=36 "Туристичка организација града Зајечара"], 10 October 2013.]</ref>{{better source}}
+
+==References==
+{{reflist}}
' |
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0 => 'The '''Čukur Fountain incident''' ({{lang-sr|Инцидент на Чукур-чесми/Incident na Čukur-česmi}}) refers to a series of events in June 1862 in [[Belgrade]], at the time the capital of the Ottoman subject state of [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]]. On 15 June (O.S. 3 June) a group of Ottoman ''[[Nizam-i Djedid Army|nizami]]'' (soldiers) and Serbs quarreled by the [[Čukur Fountain]], ending with a wounded Serb apprentice boy. This sparked ',
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5 => 'The event near the Čukur Fountain happened in the afternoon of 15 June 1862 (3 June according to the old calendar) on Dobračina Street in Belgrade.<ref>V. Bubanj, The Drinking Fountains of Belgrade, Belgrade, 1986, 27–39</ref> It was a hot summer day and many people were drinking water from a well including a young apprentice named Sava Petković, Turkish ''nizame'' (soldiers) and others. A fight broke out between Petković and one or more of the Turkish soldiers. Accounts of the events differ; Petković was either driven off and beaten,<ref name=debate1863/>, stabbed with a bayonet or hit on the head with the water pitcher.<ref name=veskovic2010>{{cite book|last1=Vesković|first1=Ivana|title=Čukur česma = Čukur fountain|date=2010|publisher=The Cultural Heritage Protection Institute of the City of Belgrade |location=Belgrade|isbn=978-86-81157-45-9}}</ref> Whatever the means, Petković was killed.',
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11 => 'On the following day, 16 June, a truce was worked out by the foreign [[consul]]s in the city, especially [[John Augustus Longworth]], British Consul-General. Under the terms of the truce, the [[Pasha]] in charge of the fortress agreed to remove his police from the town and the Serbian prime minister, [[Ilija Garašanin]], in turn, guaranteed their safety during the move.<ref>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=William|title=The Ottman Empire and Its Successors, 1801 -1927|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Bw9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA254|year=1936|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=253–255|id=GGKEY:5L37WGKCT4N}}</ref>',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><p>The <b>Čukur Fountain incident</b> (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: <span lang="sr" style="font-style:normal" xml:lang="sr">Инцидент на Чукур-чесми/Incident na Čukur-česmi</span>) refers to a series of events in June 1862 in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, at the time the capital of the Ottoman subject state of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Serbia</a>. On 15 June (O.S. 3 June) a group of Ottoman <i><a href="/wiki/Nizam-i_Djedid_Army" title="Nizam-i Djedid Army">nizami</a></i> (soldiers) and Serbs quarreled by the <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cukur_Fountain" title="Čukur Fountain">Čukur Fountain</a>, ending with a wounded Serb apprentice boy. This sparked</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Background">Background</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Cukur_Fountain_incident&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Since 1813, with the Ottoman suppression of the <a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First Serbian Uprising</a> (1804–13), the city of Belgrade had been under a type of dual government. The <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Belgrade Fortress</a> was garrisoned by Ottoman (<a href="/wiki/Turks_(term_for_Muslims)" title="Turks (term for Muslims)">"Turkish"</a>) soldiers and the surrounding part of Belgrade was inhabited by Turks, primarily the families of the soldiers, living under an Ottoman administration. The rest of Belgrade was inhabited by Serbs under their own administration. Prior to the events of June 1862, there had been a series of conflicts between the Serbians and Turks.<sup id="cite_ref-debate1863_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-debate1863-1">[1]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources.">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Events">Events</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Cukur_Fountain_incident&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Events">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The event near the Čukur Fountain happened in the afternoon of 15 June 1862 (3 June according to the old calendar) on Dobračina Street in Belgrade.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> It was a hot summer day and many people were drinking water from a well including a young apprentice named Sava Petković, Turkish <i>nizame</i> (soldiers) and others. A fight broke out between Petković and one or more of the Turkish soldiers. Accounts of the events differ; Petković was either driven off and beaten,<sup id="cite_ref-debate1863_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-debate1863-1">[1]</a></sup>, stabbed with a bayonet or hit on the head with the water pitcher.<sup id="cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veskovic2010-3">[3]</a></sup> Whatever the means, Petković was killed.</p>
<p>Serbian <a href="/wiki/Gendarmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendarmes">gendarmes</a> arrived quickly and arrested the soldiers. However, more Turkish soldiers arrived and a verbal dispute began. An interpreter with the Belgrade police, Sima Nešić, tried to mediate between the Turkish soldiers and the Serbian gendarmes, but the Turkish soldiers started shooting and Nešić was killed.<sup id="cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veskovic2010-3">[3]</a></sup> The commander of the Serbian guard, Ivko Prokić, tried to remove the Turks from the scene but more shots were fired and the incident escalated into a citywide conflict which lasted the entire night.<sup id="cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veskovic2010-3">[3]</a></sup></p>
<p>The news about the incident spread around Belgrade, and Serbian rioters armed themselves with old guns, <i>yataghans</i> (swords) and <i>handžars</i> (knives), and quickly overtook the <a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Belgrade" title="Gates of Belgrade">Varoš Gate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> and destroyed the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sava_Gate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sava Gate (page does not exist)">Sava</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stambol_Gate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stambol Gate (page does not exist)">Stambol</a> gates.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup></p>
<p>On the following day, 16 June, a truce was worked out by the foreign <a href="/wiki/Consul" title="Consul">consuls</a> in the city, especially <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Augustus_Longworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Augustus Longworth (page does not exist)">John Augustus Longworth</a>, British Consul-General. Under the terms of the truce, the <a href="/wiki/Pasha" title="Pasha">Pasha</a> in charge of the fortress agreed to remove his police from the town and the Serbian prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Ilija_Gara%C5%A1anin" title="Ilija Garašanin">Ilija Garašanin</a>, in turn, guaranteed their safety during the move.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup></p>
<p>On 17 June, the Pasha summoned the consuls to the fortress and while they were still underway, 56 fortress cannons began to shell Belgrade. About 50 civilians and soldiers died, about 20 houses were burnt down, and another 357 damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veskovic2010-3">[3]</a></sup> It is not known why the Pasha ordered this attack. Some sources, including the British Secretary of Foreign Affairs Earl Russel, suggested that the bombardment was triggered by Serbians firing muskets at the fortress.<sup id="cite_ref-debate1863_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-debate1863-1">[1]</a></sup> Longworth, on the other hand, concluded that the bombardment was "the mere result of panic and false alarm".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup></p>
<p>Prince <a href="/wiki/Mihailo_Obrenovi%C4%87_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Mihailo Obrenović III">Mihailo Obrenović III</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> who was in <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0abac" title="Šabac">Šabac</a> at the time, returned to Belgrade immediately. During July of the same year, in <a href="/wiki/Kanl%C4%B1ca" title="Kanlıca">Kanlıca</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, the negotiations about the independence of Serbia started, with the participation of France, England, Russia and Austria. It was decided that the Turkish population must leave Serbia and, during the following year, more than eight thousand Turks were displaced.</p>
<p>The <a href="/wiki/High_Porte" class="mw-redirect" title="High Porte">Porte</a> agreed to entrust some of the towns to Mihailo: first Belgrade, then <a href="/wiki/Kladovo" title="Kladovo">Kladovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smederevo" title="Smederevo">Smederevo</a> and Šabac, and then many more. In 1867, Duke Mihailo obtained the keys of the Belgrade fortress, and the ceremony was held on 6 April on the Kalemegdan.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources.">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Cukur_Fountain_incident&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<div class="mw-references-wrap">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-debate1863-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-debate1863_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-debate1863_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-debate1863_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tClDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA17"><i>The Parliamentary Debates</i></a>. Cornelius Buck. 1863. pp. 13–18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=13-18&rft.pub=Cornelius+Buck&rft.date=1863&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtClDAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C4%8Cukur+Fountain+incident" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">V. Bubanj, The Drinking Fountains of Belgrade, Belgrade, 1986, 27–39</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-veskovic2010-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-veskovic2010_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Vesković, Ivana (2010). <i>Čukur česma = Čukur fountain</i>. Belgrade: The Cultural Heritage Protection Institute of the City of Belgrade. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-81157-45-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-81157-45-9">978-86-81157-45-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C4%8Cukur+%C4%8Desma+%3D+%C4%8Cukur+fountain&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=The+Cultural+Heritage+Protection+Institute+of+the+City+of+Belgrade&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-86-81157-45-9&rft.aulast=Veskovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ivana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C4%8Cukur+Fountain+incident" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S. G. Bogunović, <i>Architectural encyclopaedia of Belgrade of the XIX and XX century, Architecture</i> (I), Belgrade 2005</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Markovitch, E. (1863). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G7RbAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA18"><i>Letter to the Right Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliament assembled [upon the position and grievances of the principality of Servia]</i></a>. pp. 7–8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Letter+to+the+Right+Honourable+the+Commons+of+the+United+Kingdom+of+Great+Britain+and+Ireland%2C+in+Parliament+assembled+%26%2391%3Bupon+the+position+and+grievances+of+the+principality+of+Servia%26%2393%3B.&rft.pages=7-8&rft.date=1863&rft.aulast=Markovitch&rft.aufirst=E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG7RbAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C4%8Cukur+Fountain+incident" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Miller, William (1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4Bw9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA254"><i>The Ottman Empire and Its Successors, 1801 -1927</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 253–255. GGKEY:5L37WGKCT4N.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ottman+Empire+and+Its+Successors%2C+1801+-1927&rft.pages=253-255&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1936&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4Bw9AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C4%8Cukur+Fountain+incident" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ40AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA409"><i>British and Foreign State Papers</i></a>. <b>LVI</b>. William Ridgeway. 1870. p. 409.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+and+Foreign+State+Papers&rft.pages=409&rft.pub=William+Ridgeway&rft.date=1870&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXJ40AQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C4%8Cukur+Fountain+incident" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Timotijević, The Myth about the national hero saviour and the erection of the monument to the Duke Mihailo M. Obrenović III, Heritage IV, Belgrade 2002.</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.toozajecar.co.rs/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=41&Itemid=36">"Туристичка организација града Зајечара"</a>, 10 October 2013.]</span></li>
</ol>
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Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | 0 |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1514192091 |