The 2011 Summer Universiade (Chinese: 2011年夏季世界大学生运动会; pinyin: Èr líng yī yī Nián xiàjì shìjiè dàxuéshēng yùndònghuì), the XXVI Summer Universiade (Chinese: 第二十六届夏季世界大学生运动会; pinyin: Dì Èrshíliù jiè xiàjì shìjiè dàxuéshēng yùndònghuì), also Shenzhen 2011 (Chinese: 深圳 2011; pinyin: Shēnzhèn Èr líng yī yī), was hosted in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Host city | Shenzhen, China |
---|---|
Motto | Start Here (从这里开始, Cóng zhèlǐ kāishǐ) |
Nations | 150 |
Athletes | 7,132 |
Events | 304 in 22 sports |
Opening | 12 August 2011 |
Closing | 23 August 2011 |
Opened by | President Hu Jintao |
Main venue | Shenzhen Bay Sports Center |
Summer | |
Winter | |
Bid selection
editThe cities of Kazan, Russia, Kaohsiung,Chinese Taipei, Shenzhen, China, Murcia, Spain, and Poznań, Poland were in contention for the Games. On 16 January 2007, FISU announced at the conference prior to the 2007 Winter Universiade, that the host would be Shenzhen.[1] With five candidates, it was the most competitive race to host a Universiade until that date.[2] Edmonton, Alberta, Canada was also posed to make a serious bid, but withdrew.[3]
Shenzhen was not considered a favorite, as several other sporting competitions have been assigned to China in recent years, including the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, the 2009 Winter Universiade in Harbin, and the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou. Also, as a city, Shenzhen was only 30 years old as of 2010 and lacked experience in hosting a major sporting competition, compared to the other candidates.[4]
Preparation
editIn preparation for the event, Shenzhen built numerous infrastructure objects, including several new lines of Shenzhen Metro. The preparation cost was estimated to exceed 180 billion RMB,[5] including 75 billion RMB spent on new subway lines, 12 billion RMB on facelifting buildings and streets and 4.1 billion RMB spent on the 60,000-seat stadium.
Also added were 200 of BYD's all-electric eBUS's and 300 of BYD's all-electric e6's (a 5-passenger sedan that serves well as an eTaxi), making this new-energy fleet the largest of its kind in the world.
After the conclusion of the event, the eBUSs and eTaxis continued serving as public transportation for Shenzhen City.
On the down side, 80,000 residents were evicted from the city for reasons such as lack of regular employment because they were deemed a 'threat' to the Universiade. The move was highly controversial and sparked a debate on the legality of the policy.[6][7]
Residents of apartment buildings close to the stadium were ordered to leave their houses for five hours but to leave the lights on. 15,000 paramilitary police from other cities were deployed in Shenzhen, in addition to Shenzhen's own 5,000-strong force.[8]
Shenzhen Airport was ordered closed during the opening ceremony, affecting up to 290 flights.
According to the head of Shenzhen's Communist Party division, Wang Rong, all this was done to prevent the embarrassment of China in front of the world, as many foreigners were to be present in the city during the Games.
Mascot
editThe mascot of the 2011 Summer Universiade is called UU. Its design is related to the logo of the Universiade, the Happy U. It represents a smiling face, with the image of the first letter "U" in the word "Universiade". Its relationship with the logo, the "Happy U" breaks the traditional mascot design idea to be realistic, and comforts the spirit of the Universiade.
Tickets
editDelegations could obtain complimentary tickets before 23 May. As of 24 May, 80 days away from the opening ceremony, the ticket sale has not yet started. It was announced that tickets would cost between 30 and 300 RMB.[9] In July 2011, tickets went on sale[10] to the general public in several phases. Tickets for the opening and closing ceremonies would not be sold to the general public.
Venues
editEarly reports promised the city would build 12 new stadiums and gyms in the Futian, Nanshan and Luohu districts. A new International Olympic Centre featuring a 60,000-seat main stadium, an 18,000-seat gym, a 13.4-square-kilometre park and other facilities, also was established in Longgang District.[2] By the end, 21 new venues and stadiums were successfully completed.[11]
The 2011 Summer Universiade used 54 stadiums including 29 competition halls and 25 training halls. Avant company is the only sports seating facility supplier.
The Universiade including Universiade 2011 Shenzhen Sports Center, Shenzhen Sports Center-natatorium, Shenzhen Stadium, Sports City, Shenzhen Gym, Shenzhen natatorium, Shenzhen Sports Team Training Hall, Longgang International Velodrome, Luohu Gym, Bao’an Sports Center, Nanshan Recreation and Sports Activities Center, Shenzhen University Gym, etc.
The main gymnasium of Universiade Center has an area of 45,000 square meters and 4 layers, allowing more than 18,000 spectators to watch matches. Many basketball matches and championships were held here, so it satisfied all standards and specifications of FIBA. Stands were constructed around the whole basketball gymnasium.
- Shenzhen Swimming and Diving Gym – Aquatics Diving
- Universiade Center Aquatic Center – Aquatics Swimming
- Bao’an Natatorium – Aquatics Water polo
- Seven Star Bay – Aquatics Open Water Swimming, Sailing
- Shenwanyi Road Football Pitch – Archery
- New Shenzhen Stadium – Athletics, Football
- Roads of Longgang – Athletics
- Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology gym – Badminton
- Universiade sports center Basketball court – Basketball
- Gymnasium of Pingshan Sports Center – Basketball
- Shenzhen Luohu Gymnasium – Basketball
- Gymnasium of the Senior High Division of Shenzhen Foreign Languages School – Basketball
- Dameisha Park – Beach Volleyball
- Shenzhen Conference and Exhibition Center – Chess, Fencing, Judo, Taekwondo
- Longgang Sports Center – Cycling
- Bao'an Xixiang Sports Center – Football
- Shenzhen Sports School – Football, Weightlifting
- Shenzhen University Town – Football
- Shenzhen Bao‘an Stadium – Football
- Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology – Football
- Mission Hills Golf Club – Golf
- Bao'an District Gym – Gymnastics
- Futian Sports Park Gym – Gymnastics
- Shenzhen Maritime Sports Base & Sailing School – Sailing
- Shenzhen Shooting Hall and Clay-pigeon Shooting Field – Shooting
- Shenzhen Bay Sports Center – Table tennis
- Longgang Tennis Center – Tennis
- Shenzhen Tennis Center – Tennis
- Shenzhen Gym – Volleyball
Sports
editFollowing is a list of the sports that were contested at the 2011 Summer Universiade:[12]
- Aquatics
Diving (12) ( )
Marathon swimming (2) ( )
Swimming (40) ( )
Water polo (2) ( )
Archery (10) ( )
Athletics (50) ( )
Badminton (6) ( )
Basketball (2) ( )
Beach volleyball (2) ( )
Chess (3) ( )
- Cycling (
- BMX racing (2)
- Mountain biking (2)
- Road (4)
- Track (8)
)
Fencing (12) ( )
Football (2) ( )
- Gymnastics (
- Aerobics (6)
- Artistic Gymnastics (14)
- Rhythmic Gymnastics (8)
)
Golf (4) ( )
Judo (18) ( )
Sailing (8) ( )
Shooting (34) ( )
Table tennis (7) ( )
Taekwondo (21) ( )
Tennis (7) ( )
Volleyball (2) ( )
Weightlifting (15) ( )
Participants
edit150 countries participated in 2011 Summer Universiade.[13]
Afghanistan (1)
Albania
Algeria
Anguilla
Argentina
Angola
Armenia
Aruba
Athletes from Kuwait
Australia (156)
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada (246)[14]
Chad
Chile
China (505) (host)
Chinese Taipei
Colombia
Comoros
Republic of the Congo
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
Ivory Coast
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia (79)[15]
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France (200)[16]
Gabon
Georgia (20)
Germany
Ghana
Great Britain
Greece
Guatemala
Guinea
Guyana
Haiti (8)[17]
Honduras
Hong Kong
Hungary (103)[18]
India
Indonesia (54)[19]
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel (64)[20]
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
North Korea
South Korea
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liechtenstein
Lithuania (90)[21]
Luxembourg
Macau
Macedonia
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia (152)[22]
Mali
Mexico
Federated States of Micronesia
Moldova
Mongolia (157)[23]
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
Netherlands Antilles
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Northern Mariana Islands
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palestine
Panama
Paraguay (4)
Peru
Philippines (58)
Poland (150)[24]
Portugal (32)[25]
Puerto Rico
Romania (64)
Russia (476)[26]
Samoa (1)
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia (31)
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia (34)
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka (55)[27]
Sudan
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden (70)[28]
Switzerland (93)[29]
Syria
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Turkey (81)
Uganda
Ukraine (293)[30]
United Arab Emirates
United States
Uruguay (21)
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Virgin Islands
Zambia
Zimbabwe
[a] Because the International Olympic Committee suspended the Kuwait Olympic Committee on 1 January 2010, Kuwait athletes competed as independents under the Olympic flag.
Medal table
editThe medal count is as follows:[31]
* Host nation (China)
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 74 | 40 | 32 | 146 | |
2 | 42 | 43 | 45 | 130 | |
3 | 28 | 21 | 30 | 79 | |
4 | 23 | 26 | 38 | 87 | |
5 | 17 | 22 | 12 | 51 | |
6 | 12 | 19 | 14 | 45 | |
7 | 12 | 5 | 13 | 30 | |
8 | 7 | 9 | 16 | 32 | |
9 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 18 | |
10 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 21 | |
11 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 9 | |
12 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 11 | |
13 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 20 | |
14 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 13 | |
15 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 16 | |
16 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 12 | |
17 | 4 | 12 | 17 | 33 | |
18 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 16 | |
19 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 | |
20 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | |
21 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 15 | |
22 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 12 | |
23 | 2 | 4 | 13 | 19 | |
24 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 | |
25 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |
26 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | ||
28 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 | |
29 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | |
30 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | |
31 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
32 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 17 | |
33 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | |
34 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | |
35 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
36 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
37 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||
39 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||
41 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
42 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 8 | |
43 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | |
44 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 | |
45 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
46 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | |
47 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
48 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
50 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
56 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |
57 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | ||
59 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
Totals (65 entries) | 305 | 302 | 364 | 971 |
Schedule
editOC | Opening ceremony | ● | Event competitions | 1 | Event finals | CC | Closing ceremony |
August | 11th Thu |
12th Fri |
13th Sat |
14th Sun |
15th Mon |
16th Tue |
17th Wed |
18th Thu |
19th Fri |
20th Sat |
21st Sun |
22nd Mon |
23rd Tue |
Events | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ceremonies | OC | CC | |||||||||||||
● | ● | 2 | 2 | 8 | 10 | ||||||||||
2 | 6 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 14 | 50 | |||||||||
● | ● | 1 | ● | ● | ● | 5 | 6 | ||||||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 16 | |||||||
2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 12 | ||||||||
2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 12 | |||||||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 28 | ||||||||
● | ● | ● | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||
4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 18 | ||||||||||
● | ● | ● | ● | 3 | 6 | 9 | |||||||||
8 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 36 | ||||||||||
2 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 42 | ||||||||
● | ● | ● | 2 | ● | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | |||||||
2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 21 | |||||||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 2 | 5 | 7 | |||||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 15 | |||||||||
Total events | 13 | 17 | 20 | 34 | 28 | 45 | 32 | 37 | 40 | 35 | 5 | 306 | |||
Cumulative total | 13 | 30 | 50 | 84 | 112 | 157 | 189 | 226 | 266 | 301 | 306 | ||||
August | 11th Thu |
12th Fri |
13th Sat |
14th Sun |
15th Mon |
16th Tue |
17th Wed |
18th Thu |
19th Fri |
20th Sat |
21st Sun |
22nd Mon |
23rd Tue |
Events |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Universiades for 2011 attributed[dead link]
- ^ a b "Shenzhen submits bid for 2011 Universiade". China Daily. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "2011 Universiade: Edmonton selected as potential Canadian host-NOT". Connect2edmonton.ca. Archived from the original on 23 February 2007. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "Shenzhen to host 2011 World Universiade". En.beijing2008.cn. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "CIC estimation on the cost of Shenzhen Universiade to be approximately 180 billion RMB". Hkcd.com.hk. 5 May 2011. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ Shenzhen's pre-Universiade eviction of 80,000 "high-risk people" sparks controversy
- ^ "Shenzhen's pre-Universiade eviction of 80,000 "high-risk people" sparks controversy". News.xinhuanet.com. 13 April 2011. Archived from the original on 16 April 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ Shenzhen welcomes world with lockdown, South China Morning Post, 12 August 2011
- ^ "Ticket information Shenzhen Universiade". Startinchina.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "Ticket sales points Shenzhen Universiade". Startinchina.com. 12 July 2011. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "21 Newly Built Venues and Stadiums Completed". Szcpost.com. 15 June 2011. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "24 sports". Sz2011.org. 18 April 2011. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ Countries Archived 14 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Canada sends delegation". fisu.net. 7 August 2011. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "Eestit esindab suveuniversiaadil Hiinas 79 sportlast". ERR sport. 9 August 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ "2011 SU Update: French Bring Biggest Delegation Ever". Fisu.net. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "2011 SU Update: Haiti returns after Devastating Earthquake". FISU. 2 August 2011.
- ^ "Népes magyar csapat utazik augusztusban Kínába" (in Hungarian). Nemzeti Sport Online. 3 August 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
- ^ "Kontingen Indonesia Berlaga di Universiade XXVI". Directorate-General for Higher Education, Ministry of National Education. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
- ^ "Israel team (Hebrew)". news.walla.co.il. 31 July 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
- ^ "Į vasaros universiadą Kinijoje išlydėta 90 Lietuvos sportininkų". delfi.lt. 2 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
- ^ "First sports delegation to Universiade 2011 arrives in Shenzhen". sz2011.org. 6 August 2011. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "2011 SU Update: Mongolia sends one of its Biggest Delegations to Shenzhen". Fisu.net. 26 July 2011. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "2011 SU Update: Polish Delegation for the Shenzhen". Fisu.net. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "Portuguese teamo". fisu.net. 10 August 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
- ^ "Russian Delegation seen off to Shenzhen". fisu.net. 4 August 2011. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- ^ "Fifty five athletes for University Games in China". Sundaytimes.lk. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ "Team Sweden goes Shenzhen". fisu.net. 28 July 2011. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
- ^ "Team Switzerland ready to go". fisu.net. 2 August 2011. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
- ^ "Ukraine Sends Participants to Shenzhen". fisu.net. 7 August 2011. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ Medals Archived 26 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine