This is a list of mammals of Europe. It includes all mammals currently found in Europe (from northeast Atlantic to Ural Mountains and northern slope of Caucasus Mountains), whether resident or as regular migrants. Moreover, species occurring in Cyprus, Canary Islands (Spain) and Azores (Portugal) are listed here. If geographical range of given European mammal additionally overlaps Turkey, it is noted in some of cases. This checklist does not include species found only in captivity. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited. Introduced species are also noted.
Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.
Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:
- EX - extinct, EW - extinct in the wild
- CR - critically endangered, EN - endangered VU - vulnerable
- NT - near threatened, LC - least concern
- DD - data deficient, NE - not evaluated
- (v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014[1])
- Hedgehogs
- European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus LC
- Southern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus concolor LC
- Northern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus roumanicus LC
- Long-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus auritus LC (eastern Europe)
- Moles
- Aquitanian mole, Talpa aquitania[2] (France, Spain)
- Mediterranean mole, Talpa caeca LC (south of the Alps)
- Caucasian mole, Talpa caucasica[2] (Caucasus, Russia) LC
- European mole, Talpa europaea LC
- Levant mole, Talpa levantis LC (Bulgaria, Caucasus, Russia and European Turkey)
- Martino's mole, Talpa martinorum[2] (Bulgaria)
- Spanish mole, Talpa occidentalis LC (Iberian Peninsula)
- Roman mole, Talpa romana LC (Italy and Greece)
- Balkan mole, Talpa stankovici LC (Balkans)
- Desmans
- Russian desman, Desmana moschata VU (Russia, Ukraine)
- Pyrenean desman, Galemys pyrenaicus VU (Spain, Portugal, the Pyrenees)
- Common shrew, Sorex araneus LC
- Crowned shrew, Sorex coronatus LC
- Iberian shrew, Sorex granarius LC
- Apennine shrew, Sorex samniticus LC
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus LC
- Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiens LC
- Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimus LC
- Taiga shrew, Sorex isodon LC
- Alpine shrew, Sorex alpinus NT
- Valais shrew, Sorex antinorii DD (Italy, France, Switzerland) - formerly in Sorex araneus, and:[n 1]
- Udine shrew, Sorex arunchi [n 2] DD (Italy, Slovenia)
- Radde's shrew, Sorex raddei[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
- Caucasian shrew, Sorex satunini[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
- Caucasian pygmy shrew, Sorex volnuchini[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
- Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens LC
- Iberian water shrew, Neomys anomalus LC (Iberian Peninsula) and:[n 1]
- Mediterranean water shrew, Neomys milleri[2]
- Transcaucasian water shrew, Neomys teres[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
- Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus LC
- Greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula LC
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura suaveolens LC
- Bicoloured shrew, Crocidura leucodon LC
- Gueldenstaedt's shrew, Crocidura gueldenstaedtii
- Sicilian shrew, Crocidura sicula LC (Sicily, Malta)
- North African white-toothed shrew, Crocidura pachyura LC (Mediterranean islands)
- Cretan shrew, Crocidura zimmermanni VU (Crete)
- Canarian shrew, Crocidura canariensis EN (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain)
- Piebald shrew, Diplomesodon pulchellus[2] LC (Kazakhstan, Russia)
Pteropodidae (megabat)
edit- Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus LC (Cyprus)
Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats)
edit- Lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
- Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LC
- Mediterranean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus euryale NT
- Blasius's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus blasii LC
- Mehely's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus mehelyi VU
Vespertilionidae (evening bats)
edit- Daubenton's bat, Myotis daubentonii LC
- Nathalina bat, Myotis (daubentonii) nathalinae (Myotis daubentonii: LC)
- Long-fingered bat, Myotis capaccinii VU
- Pond bat, Myotis dasycneme NT
- Brandt's bat, Myotis brandtii LC
- Whiskered bat, Myotis mystacinus LC
- David’s myotis, Myotis davidii[2] (south-eastern and eastern Europe), includes i.e.:
- Steppe whiskered bat, Myotis aurascens [n 2] LC
- Alcathoe bat, Myotis alcathoe DD (Greece, Hungary)
- Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus LC
- Natterer's bat, Myotis nattereri LC and:[n 1]
- Cryptic myotis, Myotis crypticus
- Tschuli myotis, Myotis tschuliensis[2] (Eastern Europe)
- Hovel's myotis, Myotis hoveli[2] (Cyprus)
- Escalera's bat, Myotis escalerai LC (Spain, Portugal, France)
- Bechstein's bat, Myotis bechsteinii NT
- Greater mouse-eared bat, Myotis myotis LC
- Lesser mouse-eared bat, Myotis blythii LC
- Felten's myotis, Myotis punicus NT (Corsica, Sardinia, Malta)
- Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula LC
- Lesser noctule, Nyctalus leisleri LC
- Azores noctule, Nyctalus azoreum EN (the only mammal species endemic to North Atlantic Azores archipelago - Portugal)
- Greater noctule, Nyctalus lasiopterus NT
- Anatolian serotine, Eptesicus anatolicus[2] (east Aegean Islands in Greece, Cyprus) - split from Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
- Serotine, Eptesicus serotinus LC and:[n 1]
- Meridional serotine, Eptesicus (serotinus) isabellinus LC
- Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssonii LC
- Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus LC
- Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
- Soprano pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pygmaeus LC
- Nathusius's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus nathusii LC
- Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
- Savi's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus savii LC
- Crete pipistrelle, Pipistrellus creticus[2] (Crete)
- Dusky pipistrelle, Pipistrellus hesperidus LC (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain)[4][n 3]
- Common long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus LC
- Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus LC
- Madeira pipistrelle, Pipistrellus maderensis EN (Canary Islands and Madeira in Africa - Spain, Portugal)
- Kolombatovic's long-eared bat, Plecotus kolombatovici LC (Mediterranean)
- Alpine long-eared bat, Plecotus macrobullaris LC (mountains of southern Europe)
- Sardinian long-eared bat, Plecotus sardus VU (Sardinia)
- Canary long-eared bat, Plecotus teneriffae EN (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain) and:[n 1]
- Gaisler's long-eared bat, Plecotus gaisleri[2] (Malta, Italy)
- Barbastelle, Barbastella barbastellus NT
- Caspian barbastelle, Barbastella caspica[2] (Caucasus)
- Schreibers' bat, Miniopterus schreibersii NT and:[n 1]
- Pallid long-fingered bat, Miniopterus pallidus[6] NT (Caucasus)
- Schreibers' bat, Miniopterus schreibersii NT and:[n 1]
Molossidae (free-tailed bats)
edit- European free-tailed bat, Tadarida teniotis LC (southern Europe)
Nycteridae (slit-faced bats)
edit- Egyptian slit-faced bat, Nycteris thebaica LC (Greece)
- European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus EN
- European hare, Lepus europaeus LC
- Mountain hare, Lepus timidus LC
- Granada hare, Lepus granatensis LC (Spain, Portugal)
- Broom hare, Lepus castroviejoi VU (Cantabrian Mountains)
- Corsican hare, Lepus corsicanus VU (Corsica, southern Italy)
- Cape hare, Lepus capensis LC (Corsica, Cyprus in Asia - Greece, Turkey)
- Tolai hare, Lepus tolai[2] LC (Kazakhstan)
Ochotonidae (pikas)
edit- Sardinian pika, Prolagus sardus EX (Corsica, Sardinia and adjacent Mediterranean islands)
- Red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris LC and:[n 1]
- Calabrian black squirrel, Sciurus meridionalis[2] (Italy)
- Siberian flying squirrel, Pteromys volans LC (northern Scandinavia, Estonia)
- European souslik, Spermophilus citellus VU (north-eastern Europe)
- Yellow ground squirrel, Spermophilus fulvus LC (eastern Europe)
- Little ground squirrel, Spermophilus pygmaeus LC (eastern Europe)
- Caucasian squirrel, Sciurus anomalus LC (eastern Europe)
- Spotted souslik, Spermophilus suslicus NT (south-eastern Europe)
- Russet ground squirrel, Spermophilus major[2] LC (Russia, Kazakhstan)
- Caucasian Mountain ground squirrel, Spermophilus musicus[2] NT (Caucasus)
- Alpine marmot, Marmota marmota LC (Alps, Tatras, Carpathians, Pyrenees and Balkans)
- Tatra marmot, Marmota marmota latirostris LC (Tatra Mountains)
- Bobak marmot, Marmota bobak LC (eastern Europe)
- Red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris LC and:[n 1]
- European beaver, Castor fiber LC
Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
edit- Indian porcupine, Hystrix indica LC (European Azerbaijan and Georgia)
- Garden dormouse, Eliomys quercinus NT
- Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula LC (eastern Europe)
- European edible dormouse, Glis glis LC
- Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius LC
- Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus roachi VU (Greece, European Turkey and Bulgaria)
Muroids: Spalacidae (spalacids)
edit- Greater mole rat, Spalax microphthalmus LC (eastern Europe)
- Lesser mole rat, Spalax leucodon DD (eastern Europe)
- Podolsk mole rat, Spalax zemni VU (eastern Europe)
- Sandy mole-rat, Spalax arenarius EN (eastern Europe)
- Balkan mole rat, Spalax graecus NT and:[n 1]
- Mehely's blind mole-rat, Spalax antiquus[2] (Romania)
- Oltenia blind mole-rat, Spalax istricus[2] (Romania)
- Nehring's blind mole rat, Spalax nehringi DD (may occur in Greece)
- Giant blind mole-rat, Spalax giganteus[2] LC (Russia)
- Hamsters
- Common hamster, Cricetus cricetus CR (eastern and central Europe)
- Gray dwarf hamster, Nothocricetulus migratorius LC (Balkans)
- Romanian hamster, Mesocricetus newtoni NT (shores of the Black Sea)
- Ciscaucasian hamster, Mesocricetus raddei[2] LC (Russia)
- Brandt's hamster, Mesocricetus brandti[2] NT (Caucasus)
- Eversmann's hamster, Allocricetulus eversmanni[2] LC (Russia, Kazakhstan)
- Lemmings
- Wood lemming, Myopus schisticolor LC (Scandinavia)
- Norway lemming, Lemmus lemmus LC (northern Europe)
- Siberian brown lemming, Lemmus sibiricus[2] LC (Russia)
- Arctic lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatus LC (Svalbard as migrant)
- Voles
- Bank vole, Myodes glareolus LC
- Northern red-backed vole, Myodes rutilus LC
- Grey red-backed vole, Myodes rufocanus LC
- Martino's Dinaric vole, Dinaromys bogdanovi VU (Balkans) and:[n 1]
- Western Dinaric vole, Dinaromys longipedis[3] (Balkans)
- European water vole, Arvicola amphibius LC and:[n 1]
- Italian water vole, Arvicola italicus[2] (Italy, Switzerland)
- Montane water vole, Arvicola monticola, A. scherman[n 2] LC
- Southwestern water vole, Arvicola sapidus VU (Spain and France)
- Root vole, Alexandromys oeconomus LC
- Middendorff's vole, Alexandromys middendorffii[2] LC (Russia)
- Short-tailed field vole, Microtus agrestis LC and:[n 1]
- Mediterranean field vole, Microtus lavernedii[2]
- Portuguese field vole, Microtus rozianus[2] (Iberian Peninsula)
- Pyrenean pine vole, Microtus pyrenaicus[3] (France, Spain)
- Common vole, Microtus arvalis LC and:[n 1]
- Altai vole, Microtus obscurus[2] (eastern Europe)
- Sibling vole, Microtus epiroticus (M. levis: LC)
- Snow vole, Microtus nivalis LC
- Gunther's vole, Microtus guentheri LC and:[n 1]
- Harting's vole, Microtus hartingi[2] (Balkans)
- Cabrera's vole, Microtus cabrerae NT
- European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus LC
- East European gray vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis LC
- Social vole, Microtus socialis LC
- Felten's vole, Microtus felteni DD
- Gerbe's vole, Microtus gerbei LC
- Savi's pine vole, Microtus savii LC and:[n 1]
- Sicilian pine vole, Microtus nebrodensis (Italy) [2]
- Calabria pine vole, Microtus brachycercus (Italy) LC
- Alpine pine vole, Microtus multiplex LC
- Tatra pine vole, Microtus tatricus LC
- Liechtenstein's pine vole, Microtus liechtensteini LC and:[n 1]
- Bavarian pine vole, Microtus bavaricus [n 2] CR
- Mediterranean pine vole, Microtus duodecimcostatus LC
- Lusitanian pine vole, Microtus lusitanicus LC
- Thomas's pine vole, Microtus thomasi LC
- Major's pine vole, Microtus majori LC
- Caucasian pine vole, Microtus daghestanicus[2] LC (Caucasus)
- Narrow-headed vole, Lasiopodomys gregalis[2] LC (Russia)
- Gudaur snow vole, Chionomys gud[2] LC (Caucasus)
- Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti[2] LC (Caucasus)
- Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurus LC
- Northern mole vole, Ellobius talpinus LC
- Long-clawed mole vole, Prometheomys schaposchnikowi[2] LC (Caucasus)
- Old World rats and mice
- Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC
- Steppe field mouse, Apodemus witherbyi LC (eastern Europe)
- Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis LC and:[n 1]
- Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus LC (Caucasus)
- Alpine field mouse, Apodemus alpicola LC (Alps)
- Pygmy field mouse, Apodemus uralensis LC (eastern Europe)
- Broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus LC (south-eastern Europe)
- Western broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus epimelas LC (Balkans)
- Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius LC (eastern Europe)
- Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus LC
- House mouse, Mus musculus LC
- Algerian mouse, Mus spretus LC (France, Spain and Portugal)
- Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus LC (south-eastern Europe)
- Cypriot mouse, Mus cypriacus LC (Cyprus)
- Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicus LC (south Balcans)
- Spiny mice
- Cretan spiny mouse, Acomys minous DD (Crete)
- Jirds
- Tristram's jird, Meriones tristrami LC (Greek island of Kos)
- Tamarisk jird, Meriones tamariscinus LC (eastern Europe)
- Midday jird, Meriones meridianus LC (eastern Europe)
- Gerbils
- Great gerbil, Rhombomys opimus[2] LC (Kazakhstan)
- Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina LC (Scandinavia and north-eastern Europe)
- Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis LC (south-eastern Europe) and:[n 1]
- Hungarian birch mouse, Sicista (subtilis) trizona EN (Hungary)
- Nordmann’s birch mouse, Sicista loriger VU (eastern Europe)
- Strand's birch mouse, Sicista strandi LC (eastern Europe)
- Severtzov's birch mouse, Sicista severtzovi LC (eastern Europe)
- Caucasian birch mouse, Sicista caucasica[2] NT (Caucasus)
- Kazbeg birch mouse, Sicista kazbegica[2] EN (Caucasus)
- Kluchor birch mouse, Sicista kluchorica[2] LC (Caucasus)
- Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilio LC (eastern Europe)
- Great jerboa, Allactaga major LC (eastern Europe)
- Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater LC (eastern Europe)
- Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagitta LC (eastern Europe)
- Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus telum LC (eastern Europe)
- Williams's jerboa, Scarturus williamsi[2] LC (Azerbaijan)
- Brown bear, Ursus arctos LC
- Polar bear, Ursus maritimus VU (Svalbard, Arctic European Russia; migrant to Iceland)
- Golden jackal, Canis aureus LC (Russia and south-eastern Europe)
- Grey wolf, Canis lupus LC (Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Scandinavia and eastern Europe)
- Corsac fox, Vulpes corsac LC (Along southern Volga and European Kazakhstan)
- Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus LC (Scandinavia and Iceland)
- Red fox, Vulpes vulpes LC
Mustelidae (weasels and allies)
edit- Wolverine, Gulo gulo LC (Scandinavia)
- European otter, Lutra lutra NT
- Beech marten, Martes foina LC (southern Europe)
- European pine marten, Martes martes LC
- Sable, Martes zibellina LC (western Ural Mountains, European Russia)
- Caucasian badger, Meles canescens (Crete, Rhodes)
- Asian badger, Meles leucurus[2] LC (Russia, Kazakhstan)
- European badger, Meles meles LC
- Stoat, Mustela erminea LC
- Steppe polecat, Mustela eversmanii LC
- European mink, Mustela lutreola CR (eastern Europe, Spain, France)
- European polecat, Mustela putorius LC
- Least weasel, Mustela nivalis LC
- Siberian weasel, Mustela sibirica[2] LC (Russia)
- Marbled polecat, Vormela peregusna VU (southeastern Europe)
- Asiatic cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus venaticus CR (A. jubatus: VU) (extirpated) (Caucasus)
- Swamp cat, Felis chaus LC (Cis-Caspian region)[7]
- African wildcat, Felis lybica[3][8] LC (France, Italy, Greece)
- European wildcat, Felis silvestris LC
- Pallas's cat, Otocolobus manul[9] LC (eastern Caucasus, possibly extirpated)
- Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx LC
- Iberian lynx, Lynx pardinus VU (Spain and Portugal)
- Lion Panthera leo VU (extirpated) (Caucasus and southeastern Europe)
- Persian leopard, Panthera pardus tulliana EN (P. pardus: VU) (Dagestan, Northern Caucasus, European Russia)[10][11]
- Caspian tiger, Panthera tigris tigris EX (P. tigris EN) (Ukraine, Southern Russia and Caucasus)
- Striped hyena, Hyaena hyaena[12] NT (eastern Caucasus)
- Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata VU (Northern Scandinavia)
- Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus LC (Northern Scandinavia)
- Grey seal, Halichoerus grypus LC (Norway, Baltics, Great Britain and Ireland)
- Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus EN (Mediterranean)
- Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus LC (Northern Scandinavia)
- Common seal, Phoca vitulina LC
- Ringed seal, Pusa hispida LC (Northern Scandinavia)
- Tarpan, Equus ferus ferus EX (E. ferus EN)
- Przewalski's horse, Equus ferus przewalskii EN (E. ferus EN) (Belarus, Ukraine)
- Turkmenian kulan, Equus hemionus kulan EN (E. hemionus NT) (Ukraine)
- Wild boar, Sus scrofa LC
- European bison, Bison bonasus VU (reintroduced)
- Aurochs, Bos primigenius EX
- Wild goat, Capra aegagrus VU (Caucasus)
- West Caucasian tur, Capra caucasica[2] EN (Caucasus)
- East Caucasian tur, Capra cylindricornis[2] NT (Caucasus)
- Alpine ibex, Capra ibex LC (France, Italy, Switzerland, and Germany)
- Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica LC (Spain and Portugal)
- Goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa VU (European Azerbaijan)
- Muskox, Ovibos moschatus LC (Norway, Russia; reintroduced)
- Mouflon, Ovis gmelini NT (Cyprus and Caucasus)
- Pyrenean chamois, Rupicapra pyrenaica LC
- Chamois, Rupicapra rupicapra LC
- Saiga antelope, Saiga tatarica CR (European Russia and Kazakhstan)
- Elk, Alces alces LC
- Roe deer, Capreolus capreolus LC
- Red deer, Cervus elaphus LC
- Fallow deer, Dama dama LC
- Reindeer, Rangifer tarandus VU (Scandinavia)
Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins)
edit- White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
- Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus LC
- Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC
- Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC (Mediterranean subpopulation: VU)
- Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis DD
- Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC
(Mediterranean subpopulation: EN, ssp. ponticus: VU) - Bottle-nosed dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC
(Mediterranean subpopulation: VU, ssp. ponticus: EN) - Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei LC (Canary Islands in Africa)
- False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
- Killer whale, Orcinus orca DD
- Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC (Mediterranean subpopulation: DD)
- Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas DD (Mediterranean subpopulation: DD)
- Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus DD
- Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
Phocoenidae (porpoises)
edit- Common porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC
(Baltic Sea subpopulation: CR, ssp. relicta - Black Sea harbour porpoise: EN)
- Common porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC
- White whale, Delphinapterus leucas NT (Arctic Ocean)
- Narwhal, Monodon monoceros NT (Arctic Ocean)
- Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD
- Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima DD
- Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU (Mediterranean subpopulation: EN)
- Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus DD
- Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
- True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus DD
- Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens DD
- Grays beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayi DD
- Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus DD
- Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris LC (Mediterranean subpopulation: DD)
Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
edit- Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN (ssp. musculus North Atlantic stock: VU)
- Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN (Mediterranean subpopulation: VU)
- Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN
- Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
- Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD (Canary Islands in Africa)
- Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC
- Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus CR (possible vagrant from Pacific was recorded in 2010[13])
- Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus LC
(Svalbard-Barents Sea (Spitsbergen) subpopulation: CR) - North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis EN
- Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus LC
Introduced animals
editMacropodidae (macropods)
edit- Red-necked wallaby, Notamacropus rufogriseus LC (Britain, Ireland, France and Germany, introduced)
- North African hedgehog, Atelerix algirus LC (France and Spain, probably introduced)
- Barbary macaque, Macaca sylvanus EN (Gibraltar, introduced)
- Grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis LC (Britain, introduced)
- Barbary ground squirrel, Atlantoxerus getulus LC (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain, introduced)
- Siberian chipmunk, Tamias sibiricus LC (introduced)
- Coypu, Myocastor coypus LC (introduced)
- Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus LC (introduced)
Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
edit- Crested porcupine, Hystrix cristata LC (Italy, introduced)
- Old World rats and mice
- Raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides LC (introduced)
Mustelidae (weasel)
edit- American mink, Neogale vison LC (introduced)
- Asian small-clawed otter, Aonyx cinereus[14] VU (Great Britain, introduced)
Herpestidae (mongooses)
edit- Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumon LC (Spain and Portugal, disputed, possibly native)
Viverridae (viverrids)
edit- Common genet, Genetta genetta LC (France, Spain, Italy, Portugal, introduced)
- South American coati, Nasua nasua LC (Great Britain, introduced)
- Common raccoon, Procyon lotor LC (introduced)
- Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis LC (introduced)
- Barbary sheep, Ammotragus lervia VU (Spain and Portugal, introduced)
- Przewalski's horse, Equus ferus przewalskii EN (E. ferus EN) (introduced; Ukraine, Belarus)[15][16]
- Chital, Axis axis LC (introduced)
- Wapiti, Cervus canadensis LC (Italy, introduced)
- Sika deer, Cervus nippon LC (introduced)
- Chinese water deer, Hydropotes inermis VU (Britain, France, introduced)
- Chinese muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi LC (Britain, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, Belgium, introduced)
- White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus LC (introduced; Finland, Czechia)
See also
editFurther reading
edit- Macdonald D., Barrett P., Collins Field Guide: Mammals of Britain & Europe, HarperCollinsPublishers, London, 1993, ISBN 0-00-219779-0
- Görner M., Hackethal H., Beobachten und bestimmen: Säugetiere Europas, Neumann Verlag, Leipzig, Radebeul, 1987, ISBN 3-7402-0025-1
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Species split from this species or considered as distinct species alternatively. All these taxa occur in the area of interest, including the one on the left.
- ^ a b c d e Not recognized as a separate species in the Mammal Diversity Database v. 1.10.[3]
- ^ According to the IUCN Red List this distribution needs to be confirmed and bats from North Africa are treated as Pipistrellus kuhlii.[5]
References
edit- ^ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av "Mammal Diversity Database. (2020). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.2) [Data set]. Zenodo". 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4139818. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ a b c d * Mammal Diversity Database (2022). "Mammal Diversity Database. (2022). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.10) [Data set]. Zenodo". doi:10.5281/zenodo.7394529. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
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(help) - ^ Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 474–475. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Pipistrellus hesperidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136741A22035802. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136741A22035802.en. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ^ Çoraman, E. (2021). "Miniopterus pallidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T81633088A89457387. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T81633088A89457387.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ Ellerman, J. R. and Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1966). Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Second edition. British Museum of Natural History, London. Pp. 306–307
- ^ Ghoddousi, A.; Belbachir, F.; Durant, S.M.; Herbst, M.; Rosen, T. (2022). "Felis lybica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T131299383A154907281. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T131299383A154907281.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ Ross, S.; Barashkova, A.; Dhendup, T.; Munkhtsog, B.; Smelansky, I.; Barclay, D.; Moqanaki, E. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Otocolobus manul". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T15640A180145377. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T15640A180145377.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ WWF (2007) Strategy for the Conservation of the Leopard in the Caucasus Ecoregion. Strategic Planning Workshop on Leopard Conservation in the Caucasus. Tbilisi, Georgia, 30 May – 1 June 2007
- ^ Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11).
- ^ AbiSaid, M.; Dloniak, S.M.D. (2015). "Hyaena hyaena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T10274A45195080. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T10274A45195080.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ King, Anthony (20 August 2015). "Are grey whales climate change's big winners?". The Irish Times.
- ^ Wright, L.; de Silva, P.K.; Chan, B.; Reza Lubis, I.; Basak, S. (2021). "Aonyx cinereus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T44166A164580923. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T44166A164580923.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ "The Last Truly Wild Horses Are Alive and Well in Chernobyl". Popular Mechanics. October 17, 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
- ^ "Fresh research shows how horse domestication helped shape humanity". Horsetalk. May 10, 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
External links
edit- Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition (MSW3) - database of mammalian taxonomy
- Databases: Division of Mammals: Department of Vertebrate Zoology: NMNH