Symphysanodon, also known as the slopefishes, is a genus of small marine fishes. Most are found in the Indo-Pacific, but three species, S. berryi, S. mona, and S. octoactinus, are found in the Western Atlantic.[1] They are found on rocky reefs at depths of 50–700 m (160–2,300 ft). Traditionally, this genus is the only member of the family Symphysanodontidae,[1] but in 2017 a new species, C. aureolateralis, was placed in its own genus Cymatognathus.[2]
| Symphysanodon | |
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| Symphysanodon katayamai | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acropomatiformes |
| Family: | Symphysanodontidae Katayama, 1984 |
| Genus: | Symphysanodon Bleeker, 1878 |
| Species | |
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See text | |
Description
editThe largest species of Symphysanodon can reach 20 cm (7.9 in) in length.[1] Their bodies are slender and compressed, with blunt snouts. They are red, pink, oranges or yellow in colour. The caudal fin is usually distinctively forked. The dorsal fins have 9 dorsal spines and 10 soft rays, whereas the anal fin has three anal spines and seven or eight soft rays.[3]
Species
editThere are currently 12 recognized species in this genus:[1]
- Symphysanodon andersoni Kotthaus, 1974 (Buck-toothed slopefish)[4]
- Symphysanodon berryi W. D. Anderson, 1970 (Slope bass)
- Symphysanodon disii Khalaf & Krupp, 2008 (Disi's slopefish)
- Symphysanodon katayamai W. D. Anderson, 1970 (Yellow-stripe slopefish)
- Symphysanodon maunaloae W. D. Anderson, 1970 (Long-tailed slopefish)
- Symphysanodon mona W. D. Anderson & V. G. Springer, 2005 (Akarnax slopefish)
- Symphysanodon octoactinus W. D. Anderson, 1970 (Insular slopefish)
- Symphysanodon parini W. D. Anderson & V. G. Springer, 2005 (Sala y Gómez slopefish)
- Symphysanodon pitondelafournaisei Quéro, Spitz & Vayne, 2009 (Réunion slopefish)
- Symphysanodon rhax W. D. Anderson & V. G. Springer, 2005 (Maldives slopefish)
- Symphysanodon typus Bleeker, 1878 (Insular shelfbeauty)
- Symphysanodon xanthopterygion W. D. Anderson & Bineesh, 2011 (Indian slopefish)[5]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Symphysanodon". FishBase. October 2015 version.
- ^ Kimura, S.; G.D. Johnson; T. Peristiwady; K. Matsuura (2017). "A New Genus and Species of the family Symphysanodontidae, Cymatognathus aureolateralis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes) from Indonesia". Zootaxa. 4277 (1): 51–66. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4277.1.4. PMID 30308660.
- ^ Anderson, W.D. (2002). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Atlantic (PDF). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Vol. 2. Charleston: United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. pp. 1304–1307. ISBN 92-5-104826-6. ISSN 1020-6868.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Anderson, W.D.Jr., Chesalin, M.V., Jawad, L.A. & Al Shajibi, S.R. (2015): Redescription of the percoid fish Symphysanodon andersoni Kotthaus (Symphysanodontidae) from the northwestern Indian Ocean, based on the holotype and the second known specimen. Zootaxa, 4021 (3): 475-481.
- ^ Anderson, W.D.Jr. & Bineesh, K.K. (2011): A new species of the perciform fish genus Symphysanodon (Symphysanodontidae) from the Arabian Sea off the southwestern coast of India. Zootaxa, 2966: 31-36.
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