千秋

See also: 韆鞦

Chinese

Etymology 1

		thousand	autumn; fall; harvest time autumn; fall; harvest time; a swing
trad. (千秋)		千	秋
simp. #(千秋)		千	秋
anagram		秋千
Literally: “a thousand autumns/years”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiānqiū

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄡ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹ cau¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhian-chhiu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiānqiū
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cianciou
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹-chʻiu¹
    • Yale: chyān-chyōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianchiou
    • Palladius: цяньцю (cjanʹcju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cin¹ cau¹
    • Yale: chīn chāu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹ tsau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin¹ ceo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 千秋 韆鞦／千秋

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhian-chhiu
    • Tâi-lô: tshian-tshiu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chienchiw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn³³ t͡sʰiu³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tshen tshjuw

Rime
Character	千	秋
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	蒼先切	七由切
Baxter	tshen	tshjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/	/t͡sʰɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/	/t͡sʰiu/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/	/t͡sʰiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/	/t͡sʰuw/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/	/t͡sʰiu/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/	/t͡sʰĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/	/t͡sʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān	qiū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin1	cau1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.n̥ˤi[ŋ]  tsʰiw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːn  sʰɯw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	千	秋
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān	qiū
Middle Chinese	‹ tshen ›	‹ tshjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*s.n̥ˁi[ŋ]/	/*tsʰiw/
English	thousand	autumn; crop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	千	秋
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10792	10537
Phonetic component	人	秋
Rime group	眞	幽
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	千	秋
Old Chinese	/*sn̥ʰiːn/	/*sʰɯw/
Notes	小徐人聲，甲文乃借人加一

Noun

千秋

1. thousand years; millennium; (figurative) a very long time
2. (honorific) birthday (of an elderly person)
3. strength; advantage

Synonyms

• (thousand years):

• 千年 (qiānnián)
• 千春 (qiānchūn) (literary)
• 千紀／千纪 (qiānjì)

 

• (birthday):

• 千春 (qiānchūn) (literary, of an elderly person)
• 壽誕／寿诞 (shòudàn) (of an elderly person)
• 壽辰／寿辰 (shòuchén) (of an elderly person)
• 生日 (shēngrì)
• 生朝 (shēngzhāo) (literary)
• 生辰 (shēngchén) (literary)
• 誕辰／诞辰 (dànchén) (honorific)
• 賤降／贱降 (jiànjiàng) (literary, humble)

 

• (strength):

• 優點／优点 (yōudiǎn)
• 專業／专业 (zhuānyè)
• 專長／专长 (zhuāncháng)
• 所長／所长 (suǒcháng)
• 特長／特长 (tècháng)
• 長處／长处 (chángchù)

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “strength”):

• 弊害 (bìhài)
• 弊病 (bìbìng)
• 弊端 (bìduān)
• 欠缺 (qiànquē)
• 毛病 (máobìng)
• 短處／短处 (duǎnchu)
• 缺失 (quēshī)
• 缺欠 (quēqiàn)
• 缺陷 (quēxiàn)
• 缺點／缺点 (quēdiǎn)
• 陷 (xiàn) (literary, or in compounds)

 

Derived terms

• 千秋佳城
• 千秋萬世／千秋万世 (qiānqiūwànshì)
• 千秋萬代／千秋万代 (qiānqiūwàndài)
• 千秋萬古／千秋万古 (qiānqiūwàngǔ)
• 千秋萬歲／千秋万岁 (qiānqiūwànsuì)
• 千秋節／千秋节
• 各有千秋 (gèyǒuqiānqiū)
• 大業千秋／大业千秋
• 百歲千秋／百岁千秋
• 萬代千秋／万代千秋 (wàndàiqiānqiū)
• 萬古千秋／万古千秋 (wàngǔqiānqiū)
• 萬壽千秋／万寿千秋
• 萬歲千秋／万岁千秋
• 萬載千秋／万载千秋 (wànzǎiqiānqiū)
• 英烈千秋
• 貽笑千秋／贻笑千秋

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 千秋 – see 韆鞦 (“swing”). (This term is the simplified form of 韆鞦).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Pronunciation 1

Kanji in this term
千	秋
せん Grade: 1	しゅう Grade: 2
on'yomi

• (Tokyo) せんしゅう [sèńshúú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨː]

Noun

千(せん)秋(しゅう) • (senshū) ^{←せんしう (sensiu)?}

1. a thousand years; long years
2. Short for 千秋万歳 (senshū banzei).

Pronunciation 2

Kanji in this term
千	秋
ち Grade: 1	あき Grade: 2
kun'yomi

• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕia̠kʲi]

Proper noun

千(ち)秋(あき) • (Chiaki) 

1. a male or female given name

Korean

Hanja in this term
千	秋

Noun

千秋 • (cheonchu) (hangeul 천추)

1. Hanja form^? of 천추.

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
千	秋

Noun

千秋

1. chữ Hán form of thiên thu.