暖

See also: 煖

暖 U+6696, 暖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6696 ← 暕 [U+6695] CJK Unified Ideographs 暗 → [U+6697]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

暖 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日月一水 (ABME), four-corner 6204₇, composition ⿰日爰)

Derived characters

• 𧞈

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 498, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14064
• Dae Jaweon: page 866, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1525, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6696

Chinese

simp. and trad.		暖
alternative forms		煖 㬉 煗 𤆱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
暖	*noːnʔ
煖	*noːnʔ, *qʰʷan
喛	*qʰʷaːns, *qʰʷan
緩	*ɢʷaːnʔ
鰀	*ɢʷaːnʔ
嵈	*ɢʷaːnʔ
鍰	*ɢʷraːn
湲	*ɢʷan
媛	*ɢʷans, *ɢʷan
瑗	*ɢʷans
援	*ɢʷans, *ɢʷan
褑	*ɢʷans
諼	*qʰʷan, *qʰʷanʔ
愋	*qʰʷan
楥	*qʰʷans
爰	*ɢʷan
鶢	*ɢʷan
蝯	*ɢʷan
猨	*ɢʷan

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *noːnʔ) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 爰 (OC *ɢʷan). Later also used as a variant of 煖／暖 which is used as another word with different pronunciation.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nuǎn (nuan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨㄢˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nyun⁵

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): non⁴

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): nôn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): non¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): nuāng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): loán / lún

  (Teochew, Peng'im): luêng² / luang² / nuang² / ruang² / ruêng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶noe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nuǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nuǎn
    • Wade–Giles: nuan³
    • Yale: nwǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: noan
    • Palladius: нуань (nuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nu̯än²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nyun⁵
    • Yale: nyúhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nyn⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: nün⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nyːn¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: non⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdᵘɔn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nôn
    • Hakka Romanization System: non^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: non¹
    • Sinological IPA: /non²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: non¹
    • Sinological IPA: /nɔn⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nuāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡuaŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loán
    • Tâi-lô: luán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loarn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /luan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /luan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lún
    • Tâi-lô: lún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luon
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lun⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• loán - literary;
• lún - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: luêng² / luang² / nuang² / ruang² / ruêng²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: luéng / luáng / nuáng / juáng / juéng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lueŋ⁵²/, /luaŋ⁵²/, /nuaŋ⁵²/, /d͡zuaŋ⁵²/, /d͡zueŋ⁵²/

Note:

• luêng2 - Chaozhou;
• luang2 - Shantou, Raoping;
• nuang2 - Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai;
• ruêng2 - Chaozhou (only in 暖爐 (“hotpot”));
• ruang2 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang (only in 暖爐 (“hotpot”)).

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶noe
    • MiniDict: noe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³noe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nø²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nwanX

Rime
Character	暖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	乃管切
Baxter	nwanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nuɑnX/
Pan Wuyun	/nʷɑnX/
Shao Rongfen	/nuɑnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nwanX/
Li Rong	/nuɑnX/
Wang Li	/nuɑnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/nuɑnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nuǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nyun5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*noːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	暖
Reading #	1/1
No.	16157
Phonetic component	爰
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	煗
Old Chinese	/*noːnʔ/
Notes	煖分化字見墨子訓讀同煗

Definitions

暖

1. warm; toasty
2. (transitive) to warm; to warm up

Synonyms

• (to warm) 暖和 (nuǎnhuo)

Compounds

• 暖化 (nuǎnhuà)
• 暖和
• 暖呼呼
• 暖壺／暖壶 (nuǎnhú)
• 暖心 (nuǎnxīn)
• 暖房 (nuǎnfáng)
• 暄暖
• 暖暖 (Nuǎnnuǎn)
• 暖東／暖东 (Nuǎndōng)
• 暖氣／暖气 (nuǎnqì)
• 暖水瓶 (nuǎnshuǐpíng)
• 暖流 (nuǎnliú)
• 暖洋洋 (nuǎnyángyáng)
• 暖烘烘 (nuǎnhōnghōng)
• 暖爐／暖炉 (nuǎnlú)
• 暖瓶 (nuǎnpíng)
• 暖笠笠
• 暖簾／暖帘 (nuǎnlián)
• 暖色 (nuǎnsè)
• 暖融融
• 暖西 (Nuǎnxī)

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuān (xuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuan
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan¹
    • Yale: sywān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuan
    • Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hyun¹
    • Yale: hyūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hyn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hün¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyːn⁵⁵/

Definitions

暖

1. Used in 暖姝.
2. Used in 暖暖 (xuānxuān).

Japanese

Shinjitai	暖
Kyūjitai	暖󠄁 暖+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	暖󠄃 暖+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

暖

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. warm

Readings

• Go-on: なん (nan)
• Kan-on: だん (dan, Jōyō)
• Tō-on: のん (non)
• Kun: あたたか (atataka, 暖か, Jōyō); あたたかい (atatakai, 暖かい, Jōyō); あたためる (atatameru, 暖める, Jōyō); あたたまる (atatamaru, 暖まる, Jōyō)
• Nanori: あつ (atsu); ぬく (nuku); はる (haru); やす (yasu)

Compounds

• 暖(だん)気(き) (danki)
• 暖(だん)房(ぼう) (danbō)
• 暖(だん)流(りゅう) (danryū)
• 暖(だん)炉(ろ) (danro)
• 暖簾(のれん) (noren): noren, a Japanese curtain
• 温(おん)暖(だん) (ondan)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
暖
だん Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 暖 (MC nwanX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) だん [dáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [dã̠ɴ]

Noun

暖(だん) • (dan) ^{←だん (dan)?}

1. (only in set phrases) warmth

   暖(だん)を取(と)る

   dan o toru

   to get warmth

Etymology 2

Proper noun

暖(あたた) or 暖(いふ) or 暖(うらら) or 暖(だん) or 暖(のどか) or 暖(のん) or 暖(はる) or 暖(はるか) or 暖(はるな) or 暖(ひなた) • (Atata or Ifu or Urara or Dan or Nodoka or Non or Haru or Haruka or Haruna or Hinata) 

1. a female given name

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

暖 (eumhun 따뜻할 난 (ttatteuthal nan))

1. hanja form^? of 난 (“warm”)

Compounds

• 난방 (暖房, nanbang, “heating”)
• 난대 (暖流, nandae, “warm current”)
• 지구 온난화 (地球溫暖化, jigu onnanhwa, “global warming”)

Etymology 2

Hanja

暖 (eumhun 부드러울 훤 (budeureoul hwon))

1. hanja form^? of 훤 (“genial”)

Vietnamese

Han character

暖: Hán Việt readings: huyên, noãn, nõng, nóng, nũn, nuỹn, nuyễn
暖: Nôm readings: hoãn, noãn, nõng, nóng, nũn, nuỹn, nuyễn

1. chữ Hán form of noãn (“warm”).