Romance

See also: romance, romancé, and românce

English

Etymology

From Old French romanz (“vernacular language (of France)”), from Late Latin rōmānicē, from Latin rōmānicus < rōmānus + -icus. Extended in the 17th century to all languages derived from Latin.

Noun

Romance (uncountable)

1. The group of languages and cultures which are derived from Vulgar Latin. [from 17th c.]
   • 2024, Wolfgang David Cirilo de Melo, Latin Linguistics: An Introduction, Walter de Gruyter: Berlin/Boston, p. 59f.:

     The Romance languages are normally grouped along broad geographical lines into Italo-Romance (Italian dialects, with a standard based on Tuscan); Gallo-Romance (French and Provençal); Hispano-Romance (Castilian Spanish, Catalan as less widely recognized standard, and Portuguese); Rhaeto-Romance (Romansh, Ladin, and Friulian); and Balkan Romance (Dalmatian, now extinct, and Romanian). [...] Proto-Romance was a purely spoken language, and we should at least in principle keep it separate from Vulgar Latin.

Meronyms

• Proto-Continental Romance
  • Proto-Eastern Romance
  • Proto-Italo-Western Romance
    • Proto-Western Romance, Proto-Western-Romance
      • Proto-Gallo-Romance
      • Proto-Ibero-Romance
    • Proto-Italo-Romance

• Balkan Romance
  • Romanian = Wallachian
    • Daco-Romanian
    • Istro-Romanian
    • Macedo-Romanian = Aromanian = Arumanian
    • Megleno-Romanian
    • Moldovan
• Catalan (sometimes included in Ibero-Romance, sometimes in Occitano-Romance and sometimes as a bridge language between Ibero- and Gallo-Romance)
  • Old Catalan
  • Algherese
  • Balearic
    • Mallorcan (Majorcan), Mallorquin
    • Minorcan (Menorcan)
  • Valencian
• Gallo-Romance
  • Franco-Provençal = Arpitan (Arpetan)
  • Bourguignon
  • Champenois
  • French
    • Old French – Middle French – New French
  • Gallo
  • Norman
  • Picard
  • Poitevin
  • Walloon
• Ibero-Romance, Iberian Romance = Hispano-Romance
  • Astur-Leonese
    • Asturian
    • Leonese
  • Cantabrian
  • Extremaduran
  • Fala
  • Galician
  • Mirandese
  • Mozarabic
  • Navarro-Aragonese
    • Aragonese
  • Portuguese
  • Spanish = Castilian
    • Old Spanish
    • Andalusian
    • Judaeo-Spanish (Judeo-Spanish) = Ladino
    • Mexican
• Italo-Romance
  • Calabrian
  • Gallo-Italian, Gallo-Italic
  • Italian
    • Old Italian
    • Judeo-Italian = Italkian
  • Neapolitan
    • Tarantino
  • Sicilian
  • Venetan
• Occitan = Provençal (broad sense) (sometimes included in Gallo-Romance and sometimes in Occitano-Romance)
  • Gascon, Gascon Occitan
    • Aranese
  • Languedocian
  • Niçois
  • Provençal (strict sense)
  • Judeo-Provençal = Shuadit
• Occitano-Romance (not generally used; includes Catalan and Occitan)
• Rhaeto-Romance (Raeto-Romance, Rheto-Romance) = Rhaetian = Alpine Romance
  • Friulian
  • Ladin
  • Romansch
• Sardinian, Sard
  • Campidanese, Campidanese Sardinian
  • Logudorese
  • Nuorese
• Gallurese
• Sassarese
• Dalmatian
• Istro-Romance = Istriot
• Pannonian

Derived terms

• Proto-Romance
• Romance Neolatino

 

Translations

group of languages and cultures which are derived from Vulgar Latin

• German: Romanisch (de) n
• Greek: ρομανικές γλώσσες (el) f pl (romanikés glósses)

Adjective

Romance

1. Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.
   • Eulàlia Bonet and Joan Mascaró, On the representation of contrasting rhotics, in: 1997, Fernando Martínez-Gil, Alfonso Morales-Front (eds.), Issues in the Phonology and Morphology of the Major Iberian Languages, p. 103ff., here p. 103:

     In this paper we will concentrate on the problem posed by Iberian Romance languages (i.e. Catalan, Portuguese, and Spanish), [...]

Synonyms

• Romanic
• Romantic

Derived terms

• pan-Romance
• Romance language

Related terms

• Romanicist
• Romantic
• Romanticism

Translations

of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin

• Albanian: roman (sq), romak (sq)
• Arabic: رُومَانْسِيّ (rōmansiyy)

  Hijazi Arabic: لاتيني (lātīni), روماني (rōmāni)

• Armenian: ռոմանական (hy) (ṙomanakan)
• Belarusian: рама́нскі (ramánski)
• Bulgarian: рома́нски (románski)
• Catalan: romànic (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 羅曼／罗曼 (luómàn), 羅馬／罗马 (zh) (Luómǎ), 拉丁 (zh) (lādīng)

• Czech: románský (cs)
• Danish: romansk
• Dutch: Romaans (nl)
• Finnish: romaaninen (fi)
• French: roman (fr)
• Galician: románico (gl) m
• German: romanisch (de)
• Greek: ρομανικός (el) (romanikós)
• Hungarian: újlatin (hu)
• Icelandic: rómanskur
• Interlingua: romanic (ia), romance
• Italian: romanzo (it), romanico (it); neolatino (it)
• Japanese: ロマンス (ja) (romansu), ロマン (ja) (roman), ローマン (rōman), ラテン (ja) (raten)
• Korean: 로망스 (romangseu)
• Latin: rōmānicus
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: romansk (no)

  Nynorsk: romansk

• Occitan: romanic (oc)
• Polish: romański (pl)
• Portuguese: românico (pt)
• Romanian: romanic (ro)
• Russian: рома́нский (ru) (románskij), лати́нский (ru) (latínskij)
• Scots: Romance
• Slovak: románsky
• Slovene: romanski (sl)
• Spanish: románico (es), romance (es)
• Swedish: romansk (sv)
• Ukrainian: рома́нський (románsʹkyj)
• Vietnamese: Rôman

See also

• Italic
• Latin

Anagrams

• Cameron, Canmore, Cremona, Marenco, Menorca