Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wódr̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *wed- (“water”) +‎ *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix).

Noun

*wódr̥ n

1. water

Inflection

Older acrostatic pattern:

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	*wédōr
genitive	*wédn̥s	*udnés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
vocative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
accusative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
genitive	*wédn̥s	—	—	*udnés
ablative	*wédn̥s	—	—	*udnés
dative	*wédney	—	—	*udnéy
locative	*wédn̥, *wédni	—	—	*udén, *udéni
instrumental	*wédn̥h₁	—	—	*udnéh₁

Later proterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	*wédōr
genitive	*udéns	*udnés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
vocative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
accusative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
genitive	*udéns	—	—	*udnés
ablative	*udéns	—	—	*udnés
dative	*udéney	—	—	*udnéy
locative	*udén, *udéni	—	—	*udén, *udéni
instrumental	*udénh₁	—	—	*udnéh₁

See also

• *h₂ékʷeh₂
• *h₂ep-

Derived terms

• *udn-eh₂ n pl
  • ⇒? Latin: unda f (“wave”) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

• Proto-Albanian: *udrjā
  • Albanian: ujë
• Proto-Anatolian:
  • Hittite: 𒉿𒀀𒋻 (wa-a-tar)
  • Luwian: 𒉿𒀀𒅈𒊭 (wārsa)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wandō (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *udenskyos (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Germanic: *watōr (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *údōr
  • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀄𐀈 (u-do /⁠údōr⁠/)
  • Ancient Greek: ὕδωρ (húdōr) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáHr̥ (assuming a change d > h₁ in the nom. sg.)
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáHr̥
    • Sanskrit: उदन् (udán) (from the oblique stem), वार् (vār) (possibly from the nominative) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Italic: *udōr
  • Umbrian: 𐌖𐌕𐌖𐌓 (utur)
• Phrygian: βέδυ (bédu)
• Thracian: υδρηνας (ydrinas)
• Proto-Tocharian: *wär
  • Tocharian A: wär
  • Tocharian B: war