Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krotъkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Equivalent to *krotiti (“to tame”) +‎ *-kъ.

Adjective

*krotъkъ

1. tame, meek

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *krotъkъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*krotъkъ	*krotъka	*krotъko
genitive	*krotъka	*krotъky	*krotъka
dative	*krotъku	*krotъkě	*krotъku
accusative	*krotъkъ	*krotъkǫ	*krotъko
instrumental	*krotъkomь	*krotъkojǫ	*krotъkomь
locative	*krotъkě	*krotъkě	*krotъkě
vocative	*krotъke	*krotъko	*krotъko
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*krotъka	*krotъkě	*krotъkě
genitive	*krotъku	*krotъku	*krotъku
dative	*krotъkoma	*krotъkama	*krotъkoma
accusative	*krotъka	*krotъkě	*krotъkě
instrumental	*krotъkoma	*krotъkama	*krotъkoma
locative	*krotъku	*krotъku	*krotъku
vocative	*krotъka	*krotъkě	*krotъkě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*krotъki	*krotъky	*krotъka
genitive	*krotъkъ	*krotъkъ	*krotъkъ
dative	*krotъkomъ	*krotъkamъ	*krotъkomъ
accusative	*krotъky	*krotъky	*krotъka
instrumental	*krotъky	*krotъkami	*krotъky
locative	*krotъkěxъ	*krotъkaxъ	*krotъkěxъ
vocative	*krotъki	*krotъky	*krotъka

Definite declension of *krotъkъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*krotъkъjь	*krotъkaja	*krotъkoje
genitive	*krotъkajego	*krotъkyję̇	*krotъkajego
dative	*krotъkujemu	*krotъkěji	*krotъkujemu
accusative	*krotъkъjь	*krotъkǫjǫ	*krotъkoje
instrumental	*krotъkyjimь	*krotъkǫjǫ	*krotъkyjimь
locative	*krotъkějemь	*krotъkěji	*krotъkějemь
vocative	*krotъkъjь	*krotъkaja	*krotъkoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*krotъkaja	*krotъkěji	*krotъkěji
genitive	*krotъkuju	*krotъkuju	*krotъkuju
dative	*krotъkyjima	*krotъkyjima	*krotъkyjima
accusative	*krotъkaja	*krotъkěji	*krotъkěji
instrumental	*krotъkyjima	*krotъkyjima	*krotъkyjima
locative	*krotъkuju	*krotъkuju	*krotъkuju
vocative	*krotъkaja	*krotъkěji	*krotъkěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*krotъkiji	*krotъkyję̇	*krotъkaja
genitive	*krotъkъjixъ	*krotъkъjixъ	*krotъkъjixъ
dative	*krotъkyjimъ	*krotъkyjimъ	*krotъkyjimъ
accusative	*krotъkyję̇	*krotъkyję̇	*krotъkaja
instrumental	*krotъkyjimi	*krotъkyjimi	*krotъkyjimi
locative	*krotъkyjixъ	*krotъkyjixъ	*krotъkyjixъ
vocative	*krotъkiji	*krotъkyję̇	*krotъkaja

Related terms

• *krotiti (“to tame”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: кротъкъ (krotŭkŭ)
    • Russian: кро́ткий (krótkij)
    • Ukrainian: кро́ткий (krótkyj)
  • Old Novgorodian:

    Old Cyrillic script: кротъке (krotŭke)

    Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⱁⱅⱏⰽⰵ (krotŭke)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: кротъкъ (krotŭkŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⱁⱅⱏⰽⱏ (krotŭkŭ)

  • Bulgarian: кро́тък (krótǎk)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кро̏так

    Latin script: krȍtak

  • Slovene: krótek
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: krotký
    • Czech: krotký
  • Old Polish: krotki
  • Slovak: krotký

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krȍtъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 250
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кро́ткий”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress