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Wiktionary

kan

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kan"
Languages (53)
Translingual • English
Afrikaans • Alak • Awar • Bambara • Basque • Bikol Central • Breton • Catalan • Chuukese • Cimbrian • Dakota • Danish • Dutch • Epigraphic Mayan • French • Gagauz • German • Gun • Haitian Creole • Hanunoo • Hungarian • Indonesian • Isnag • Japanese • Karaim • Kera • Kholosi • Lacandon • Malay • Mandarin • Maranao • Marshallese • Mauritian Creole • Middle English • Musi • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Nupe • Romani • Seimat • Serbo-Croatian • Somali • Spanish • Swedish • Tok Pisin • Turkish • Ute • Wutunhua • Yami • Yoruba • Yucatec Maya
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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kan

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kannada.

See also

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English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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kan (plural kans)

  1. Archaic form of khan.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Japanese 貫.

Noun

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kan (plural kan)

  1. A Japanese unit of weight, approximately 3.75 kg or 8.267 lb.
    • 2000, Hideo Yamashita, Healthy Culture and Unhealthy Culture:
      After having subtracted the bad and uncollectable debt above, the net property was around 32000 kan of silver […]

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Cantonese 斤 (gan1).

Noun

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kan (plural kans)

  1. (Hong Kong) A catty, legally defined as 0.60478982 kilograms.

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch kan, singular of kunnen, from Middle Dutch cunnen, from Old Dutch cunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kan/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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kan (present kan, past kon)

  1. can

Alak

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Noun

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kan

  1. (Harak) woman

Alternative forms

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Further reading

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Awar

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Noun

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kan

  1. tree

Further reading

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  • Catherine Levy, Language Research in Papua New Guinea: A Case Study of Awar (2005)

Bambara

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kan

  1. (anatomy) neck

References

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Basque

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Noun

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kan

  1. inessive singular of ka

Bikol Central

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-n, from Proto-Austronesian *ka

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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kan (Basahan spelling ᜃᜈ᜔)

  1. of—objective marker for nouns or phrases other than personal names.
    Harong kan panadero.
    House of the baker.
    Aki kan magurang.
    Child of the parent/s
    Magurang kan aki.
    Parent/s of the child

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Breton

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Noun

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kan m

  1. song

Catalan

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Medieval Latin chanis, from Turkic.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kan m (plural kans)

  1. khan

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Chuukese

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Determiner

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kan

  1. (possessive subject marker) these
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Cimbrian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From a variant of Middle High German gēn, gein, from gegen with elision of intervocalic -g-. Cognate with German gen; Alemannic German and Bavarian gan. Doublet of ghéghen.[1]

Preposition

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kan

  1. in, at
    Ich hèrbighe kan 'Toballe, kor Baan, ka Sléeghe.
    I live in Mezzaselva, [a hamlet of] Roana, [a town in] Asiago.
  2. to, towards
    Ich ghéa inn ka Sléeghe, aus kan Bèarn, au kan Triin, abe kan Ròome.
    I go east to Asiago, out west to Verona, up north to Trentino, and down south to Rome.

References

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  1. ^ “gen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

Further reading

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  • “kan” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Dakota

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Alternative forms

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Adjective

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kan

  1. something that is very old and powerful
  2. something incomprehensible but wonderful
  3. something that creates or sustains life[cite 1]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hyman, 2012. Chapter 1: The term wakan, which is conventionally translated as “sacred,” holds many meanings for the Dakota, reflecting both its etymology and its use to describe many different beings and phenomena. George Sword, a Lakota elder, explained in the late nineteenth century that wakan derived from the word kan, meaning “anything that is old or that has existed for a long time.” He also noted that kan “may mean a strange or wonderful thing or that which cannot be comprehended.” Little Wound, another Lakota elder, added to this definition the notion of power. Food is wakan, he explained, “because it makes life,” and medicine is wakan because “it keeps life in the body.”

Citations

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  • Colette Hyman (2012) Dakota women's work : creativity, culture, and exile

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkʰanˀ], [ˈkʰan], [ˈkʰa]
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Rhymes: -and

Verb

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kan

  1. present of kunne

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch canne. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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kan f (plural kannen, diminutive kannetje n)

  1. jug
  2. pot (for tea, coffee, etc.)
  3. can (cylindrical vessel)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: kan
  • Negerhollands: kanintśi (from the diminutive)
    • → Virgin Islands Creole: kaninsti (dated)
  • → Japanese: 缶
  • → Mahican: kánnisch
  • → Papiamentu: kanika (from the diminutive)
  • → Sranan Tongo: kan, kaniki, kannetje (from the diminutive)

Etymology 2

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From Old French chan, from Medieval Latin canus, caanus, of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic xān (“Central Asian khan”), probably ultimately of non-Turkic (Central Asian) origin.[1]

Noun

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kan m (plural kannen, diminutive kannetje n)

  1. khan (Turkish or Mongol ruler)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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kan

  1. inflection of kunnen:
    1. first/second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative
    3. (archaic) plural imperative
Synonyms
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  • (present singular): kunt (2 sg.)- more formal

References

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  1. ^ “khan”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

Epigraphic Mayan

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Alternative forms

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Numeral

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kan

  1. four

French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kan m (plural kans)

  1. Alternative form of khan (“khan”)

Conjunction

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kan

  1. (text messaging) Abbreviation of quand.

Adverb

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kan

  1. (text messaging) Abbreviation of quand.

Further reading

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Gagauz

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”).

Noun

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kan (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])

  1. blood

German

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Verb

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kan

  1. Obsolete spelling of kann.

Gun

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kàn

  1. to inquire
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Compare Fon kán, Adja eka, Ewe ɛka, Saxwe Gbe okàn

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kàn (plural kàn lɛ́ or kàn lẹ́)

  1. rope, cord
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kán

  1. to write
Derived terms
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Haitian Creole

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Etymology

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From French quand.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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kan

  1. when

Synonyms

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Hanunoo

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Etymology

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From Proto-Austronesian *ka (oblique case marker for plural personal names).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkan/ [ˈkɐn]
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: kan

Preposition

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kan (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜨ᜴)

  1. used to mark oblique cases of personal nouns: to; for; of; from; at the place of
    Ati (sa) kan Luyon.
    There at Luyon's place.

Usage notes

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  • When referring to multiple people, use kana.

See also

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Preposition

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kan (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜨ᜴) (literary)

  1. to; towards, etc.
    Synonym: sa

Further reading

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  • Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 139
  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ka₃”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Of unknown origin.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kan (plural kanok)

  1. male pig
    Antonyms: koca, emse
  2. male boar (wild boar)
  3. male (of dogs or other domestic animals not larger than a pig)
    Antonym: szuka
  4. (colloquial) hunk, stud (a man with a sexual life more active than usual)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative kan kanok
accusative kant kanokat
dative kannak kanoknak
instrumental kannal kanokkal
causal-final kanért kanokért
translative kanná kanokká
terminative kanig kanokig
essive-formal kanként kanokként
essive-modal — —
inessive kanban kanokban
superessive kanon kanokon
adessive kannál kanoknál
illative kanba kanokba
sublative kanra kanokra
allative kanhoz kanokhoz
elative kanból kanokból
delative kanról kanokról
ablative kantól kanoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		kané kanoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		kanéi kanokéi
Possessive forms of kan
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kanom kanjaim
2nd person sing. kanod kanjaid
3rd person sing. kanja kanjai
1st person plural kanunk kanjaink
2nd person plural kanotok kanjaitok
3rd person plural kanjuk kanjaik

Derived terms

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Compound words

References

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  1. ^ kan in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Shortened form

Noun

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kan (first-person possessive kanku, second-person possessive kanmu, third-person possessive kannya)

  1. Aphetic form of langkan

Adverb

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kan

  1. Aphetic form of bukan (“see; right”)
    Kan, sudah ku bilang jangan bermain korek api. Kini kau rasakan akibatnya. ― See, I already told you before not to play with the matches. Now you receive the consequences.
    Ini punyamu, kan? ― This is yours, right?.
  2. Aphetic form of akan (“will”)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Dutch kan (“jug; pot (for tea, coffee, etc.); can (cylindrical vessel)”), from Middle Dutch canne.

Noun

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kan (first-person possessive kanku, second-person possessive kanmu, third-person possessive kannya)

  1. jug, pot
    Synonyms: morong, teko

Further reading

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Isnag

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, compare Malay makan.

Verb

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kan

  1. to eat

Japanese

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Romanization

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kan

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かん
  2. Rōmaji transcription of カン

Karaim

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *kān.

Noun

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kan

  1. blood

References

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  • N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “kan”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kera

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Noun

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kan

  1. water

References

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  • Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
    […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
    (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: […] Kwang kàām [Jng.], Kera kan [Ebert] […]

Kholosi

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit कर्ण (karṇá).

Noun

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kan ?

  1. (anatomy) ear

References

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  • Eric Anonby, Hassan Mohebi Bahmani (2014) “Shipwrecked and Landlocked: Kholosi, an Indo-Aryan Language in South-west Iran”, in Cahier de Studia Iranica xx‎[2], pages 13-36

Lacandon

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Etymology

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From Proto-Mayan *kaahn.

Noun

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kan

  1. snake

Derived terms

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References

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  • Baer, Phillip, Baer, Mary, Chan Kꞌin, Manuel, Chan Kꞌin, Antonio (2018) Diccionaro maya lacandón (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 51)‎[3] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 93

Malay

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Clipping of bukan.

Adverb

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kan (Jawi spelling کن)

  1. isn't it?
    Cantik kan baju ni?
    Isn't this dress beautiful?

Etymology 2

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Clipping of akan.

Adverb

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kan (Jawi spelling کن)

  1. will (future)

Further reading

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Mandarin

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Romanization

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kan

  1. Nonstandard spelling of kān.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of kǎn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of kàn.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Maranao

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, compare Malay makan.

Verb

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kan

  1. to eat

Marshallese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kan

  1. (transitive) to eat

References

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Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

Mauritian Creole

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Etymology

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From French quand.

Adverb

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kan

  1. when

Middle English

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Noun

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kan

  1. Alternative form of canne

Musi

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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kan

  1. no
  2. not

Usage notes

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Kan is used to negate nouns and adverbs. To negate verbs or adjectives, use daq.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse kann.

Verb

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kan

  1. present of kunne

Etymology 2

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Noun

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kan m (definite singular kanen, indefinite plural kaner, definite plural kanene)

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by khan

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse kann.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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kan

  1. present tense of kunna and kunne

Etymology 2

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Noun

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kan m (definite singular kanen, indefinite plural kanar, definite plural kanane)

  1. (pre-2005) alternative form of khan

Nupe

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Káǹ

Etymology

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From clipping of kámi[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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káǹ

  1. farm
    Synonym: latí

References

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  1. ^ Isaac George (1970 March) “Nupe Tonology”, in Studies in African Linguistics

Romani

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Etymology

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Inherited from Apabhramsa 𑖎𑖜𑖿𑖜 (kaṇṇa), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡 (kaṇṇa),[1] from Sanskrit कर्ण (karṇa, “ear”).[1][2] Cognate with Hindi कान (kān) and Punjabi ਕੰਨ (kann, “ear”).

Noun

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kan m (nominative plural kana)

  1. ear[1][2][3][4]

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kan”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 134a
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Yaron Matras (2002) “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction‎[1], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 41
  3. ^ Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o kan, -es- m. -a, -en-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, pages 185b-186a
  4. ^ Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “kan, ~a”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 150

Seimat

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Noun

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kan

  1. water; fresh water

References

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  • Beata Wozna, Theresa Wilson, Seimat Grammar Essentials (2005)

Serbo-Croatian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kȃn m (Cyrillic spelling ка̑н)

  1. khan

Declension

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Declension of kan
singular plural
nominative kan kánovi
genitive kana kanova
dative kanu kanovima
accusative kana kanove
vocative kane kanovi
locative kanu kanovima
instrumental kanom kanovima

Somali

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Determiner

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kan

  1. this (masculine)

Spanish

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Noun

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kan m (plural kanes)

  1. khan (ruler)

Further reading

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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kan

  1. present of kunna

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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From English cunt.

Noun

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kan

  1. (vulgar) cunt (female genitalia)
  2. (vulgar) cunt (term of abuse)

Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish قان (kan, “blood”), from Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kan (definite accusative kanı, plural kanlar)

  1. blood
  2. (dialectal) kitchen

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative kan
Definite accusative kanı
Singular Plural
Nominative kan kanlar
Definite accusative kanı kanları
Dative kana kanlara
Locative kanda kanlarda
Ablative kandan kanlardan
Genitive kanın kanların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular kanım kanlarım
2nd singular kanın kanların
3rd singular kanı kanları
1st plural kanımız kanlarımız
2nd plural kanınız kanlarınız
3rd plural kanları kanları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular kanımı kanlarımı
2nd singular kanını kanlarını
3rd singular kanını kanlarını
1st plural kanımızı kanlarımızı
2nd plural kanınızı kanlarınızı
3rd plural kanlarını kanlarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular kanıma kanlarıma
2nd singular kanına kanlarına
3rd singular kanına kanlarına
1st plural kanımıza kanlarımıza
2nd plural kanınıza kanlarınıza
3rd plural kanlarına kanlarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular kanımda kanlarımda
2nd singular kanında kanlarında
3rd singular kanında kanlarında
1st plural kanımızda kanlarımızda
2nd plural kanınızda kanlarınızda
3rd plural kanlarında kanlarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular kanımdan kanlarımdan
2nd singular kanından kanlarından
3rd singular kanından kanlarından
1st plural kanımızdan kanlarımızdan
2nd plural kanınızdan kanlarınızdan
3rd plural kanlarından kanlarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular kanımın kanlarımın
2nd singular kanının kanlarının
3rd singular kanının kanlarının
1st plural kanımızın kanlarımızın
2nd plural kanınızın kanlarınızın
3rd plural kanlarının kanlarının
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular kanım kanlarım
2nd singular kansın kanlarsın
3rd singular kan
kandır 		kanlar
kanlardır
1st plural kanız kanlarız
2nd plural kansınız kanlarsınız
3rd plural kanlar kanlardır
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Ute

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Noun

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kan

  1. house

Wutunhua

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Etymology

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From Mandarin 看.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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kan

  1. to look

References

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  • Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun‎[4], University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN

Yami

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, compare Malay makan.

Verb

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kan

  1. to eat

Yoruba

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Yoruba numbers (edit)
10
1 2  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: ọ̀kan, ení
    Counting: oókan
    Adjectival: kan, méní
    Ordinal: kìíní, kìn-ín-ní
    Adverbial: ẹ̀ẹ̀kan
    Distributive: ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan
    Collective: ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan

Etymology 1

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Derived from oókan.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kan

  1. one
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kàn

  1. to touch, to concern

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kán

  1. to break
    Synonym: fọ́

Yucatec Maya

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Mayan *koohng-.

Numeral

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kan

  1. four

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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kan (transitive)

  1. to learn
Conjugation
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conjugation of kan
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
imperfective kin kanik ka kanik ku kanik k kanik ka kanikeʼex ku kanikoʼob
perfective tin kanaj ta kanaj tu kanaj t k kanaj ta kanajeʼex tu kanajoʼob
subjunctive ka in kanej ka a kanej ka u kanej ka k kanej ka a kaneʼex ka u kanoʼob
imperative - kanej - - kaneʼex -
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References

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  • Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 152: “Can. Quatro. 4.”
  • Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, pages 60, 203
  • Yoshida, Shigeto (2009) Diccionario de la conjugación de verbos en el maya yucateco actual (in Spanish), Sendai: Tohoku University, page 31: “KAN”
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