Ggaasi ezitega ebbugumu (Greenhouse gases)
Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Ggaasi za kitegabbugumu (Greenhouse gases) ze ggaasi ki ?
Kaboni-bbiri-okisayidi (Carbon dioxide) y’emu ku ggaasi Katonda ze yateekawo okutega ebbugumu (green house gases) mu nampewo. Awatali kaboni-bbiri-okisayidi ne ggaasi endala ezitega ebbugumu(green house gases), Ensi yandibadde ya muzira.
Kyokka abantu bookezza amafuta manji nnyo okuba nga kati waliwo kabono-bbiri-okisayidi mungi okusinga eyaliwo emyaka nga kikumi egiyise.
Okweyongera kwa gaasi ezitega ebbugumu ly’enjuba nga kabwokisaidi mu nampewo waffe kireetera enkulungo y’Ensi, okweyongera okwokya.
Ggaasi etega ebbugumu (greenhouse gas) oba ggaasi ya kitega ye ggaasi mu nampewo eyingiza n’efulumya olubugumu (radiation) mu kibangiriza ky'ebbugumu erya ma-emmyufu (thermal infrared ). Kino kye kivaako okubuguumirira kw’ensi(Global warming / greenhouse effect) . Ggaasi ezitega ebbugumu enkulu mu nampewo w’Ensi mulimu enfuumo y’amazzi (water vapour), kaboni-bbiri-okisayidi, metani (methane), nayitulaasi-okisayidi ( nitrous oxide) ne wozone (ozone).
Mu nsengekera y’enjuba Muwanga, namikka (planetary atmospheres) w'enkulungo ezimu alimu ggaasi ezivaako enkulungo ezo okubuguumirira ekiyitiridde .
Ggaasi ezitega ebbugumu lye’njuba zikola kinene ku tempulikya z’Ensi ; ssinga tezaaliwo, saafeesi y’Ensi yandibade ng’ennyogoga okusinga bweri kati .
Okuva omulembe gwa yindasitule lwe gwatandika , okwookya amafuta ga nakavundira kyongezza kabwokisaidi mu nampewo , ekintu ekivaako ebbugumu erisukkulumye obunji okutegwa oba okusigala mu nampewo okusinga kw’eryo eryetaagisa .
Ggaasi za kitegabbugumu (ezitega ebbugumu) ezitali za bwakatonda Okweyongera kwa Ggaasi ezitega olubugumu okusinga ku kipimo kya Katonda kiraga bujeemu bwa muntu kalimagezi. Okuva eyo nga mu makkati ga 1700 ebikolebwa omuntu (human activity) awatali kufa ku buttonde nga Katonda bweyabuteekateeka kyongedde obungi bwa kabwokisaidi ne ggaasi endala ezitega ebbugumu.
Ensibuko za kabwokisaidi ez’obutonde (natural sources of carbon dioxide) bwe zikubisibwamu ebikolebwa omuntu kya bulabe. Ensibuko ez’obutonde zenkanyizibwa enkozesa ez’obutonde (natural sinks) nga ekitangattisa (photosynthesis) , ebipooli bya kabwokisaidi (carbondioxide compounds) okuyita mu bimera ne pirankitoni ez’omu mazzi (marine planktons).
Olw’okutaataganya omwenkanonkano guno, olubugumu (warming / radiation) lusuubirwa okukosa ebintu ng’amazzi agakozesebwa ensolo n’ebimera , yindasitule, emmere n’ebyobulamu. Ebikolwa by’omuntu ebisinga okuleetawo ggaasi ezitega olubugumu mulimu:
• Okwokya amafuta ga nakavundira (burning of fossil fuels) n’okusaanyaawo ebibira (deforestation) , ekintu ekiviirako kabwokisaidi omungi okuwagamira mu nampewo). Okusaanyawo ebibira kiri nnyo mu mawanga gaffe ag’abaddugavu mu Afirika .
• Envundiza ya nakavundira enkyamu ,naddala envundiza y’obusa bw’ebisolo .
• Okukozesa ebigimusa mu kulima kiteeka naitwokisaidi (nitrous oxide) mungi mu nampewo. Ebisinga okuyingiza kabwokisaidi ava mu kwokya amafuta ga nakavundira mulimu:
Amafuta ag'ekikulukusi (liquid fuels) nga gaasoliini, woyiro, n’ebirala . Amafuta ag'enkalubo (solid fuels) nga kkoolo Amafuta aga ggaasi (gaseous fuels) nga nakyuggaasi (natural gas)