CN106408644B - Three dimensions control cage arrangement method - Google Patents
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- CN106408644B CN106408644B CN201610814832.6A CN201610814832A CN106408644B CN 106408644 B CN106408644 B CN 106408644B CN 201610814832 A CN201610814832 A CN 201610814832A CN 106408644 B CN106408644 B CN 106408644B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
- G06T15/04—Texture mapping
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of Computer Graphics, and in particular to a kind of control cage arrangement method of threedimensional model.Requirement with user to Three-dimensional Display effect is also higher and higher, and the threedimensional model used is more and more finer, and required number of vertex is more and more.It is many to assist the control to threedimensional model using needing to construct control cage, but existing control cage arrangement method, it comes with some shortcomings.The present invention is exactly to propose to promote this respect to work.The present invention is based on rendering pipelines, in specified angle observing and nursing, texture using A32B32G32R32 format is the characteristics of 2 d texture can record three-dimensional information again, generate forward sight and back view grid surface, they are stitched together again, finally according to normal vector and direction of observation, grid vertex toward extrapolation certain distance, to constitute control cage.Fig. 1 shows the control cage arrangement schematic diagram an of cylinder model.The effect of the cross section of cylindrical body is shown in figure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of Computer Graphics, and in particular to a kind of control cage arrangement method of threedimensional model.
Background technique
Now in many computer graphics applications, as the performance of hardware device is stronger and stronger, user imitates display
The requirement of fruit is also higher and higher.Also increasingly finer as requiring object module used in application, details is more, required top
Points are more.In addition with the extensive use of 3-D graphic, user constructs a large amount of three-dimensional grid model, but also continuous
Increase.
User constructs threedimensional model, usually be not only intactly shown, but can in application process,
It is controlled or is edited.Since the vertex of refined model is more and more, directly its vertex is controlled or edited, it is past
Compare redundancy toward operation, difficulty is bigger, and calculation amount is relatively more.Such as: deformation operation is carried out to model, direct opposite vertexes carry out
Operation is infeasible one by one.The similar thinking of deformation based on adjacent area primarily now has two class grid deforming methods: bent
Face deformation and geometric distortion.Geometric distortion needs by some point, line, surface or grid to be medium, constructs deformable space, from
And by adjusting medium, make geometric distortion, so that the master mould being in space be made to deform indirectly.One type space
Deformation method relies on the coordinate that control grid computing goes out deformation, such as: Green's coordinate [Lipman Y, Levin D,
Cohen-Or D. Green coordinates. ACM Trans. on Graphics, 2009,27 (3): 78.], is deforming
It can be calculated rapidly in the process as a result, so being widely studied and applied.Its control grid used is and master mould shape
It is similar, but be the less encirclement grid of number of vertex, also referred to as Cage or control cage.It is advantageous that directly processing high-precision is multiple
The thorny problem of parasitic mode type is converted into the indirect processing to control cage, complexity and model complexity and its side of expression algorithm
Formula separation, can substantially reduce algorithm complexity, and the applicability of expansion algorithm.This just needs corresponding to different Construction of A Model
Cage is controlled, so fast constructing the corresponding very worth research of control cage.
Cage is controlled for Cage() construction, there are some research achievements.Xian et al. is proposed based on voxelization
Automatic cage generation method. [Xian CH, Lin HW, Gao SM. Automatic generation of coarse
bounding cages from dense meshes. In: Yong JH, Spagnuolo M, eds. Proc. of the
IEEE International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications. Los
Alamitos:IEEE Computer Society Press, 2009. 21 27.] it is calculated by geometry by model
AABB(Axis Aligned Bounding Box) bounding box voxelization (voxelization), voxel (voxel) is divided into three
Class: external, the intersection of internal and model Feature element；By the critical surface of Feature element and external voxel, obtained after trigonometric ratio
Grid is surrounded to initial；Finally, obtaining cage to grid progress fairing processing is surrounded.This method needs to carry out voxel to bounding box
Change and classifies.Article [Ben-Chen M, Weber O, Gotsman C. Spatial of the Ben-Chen et al. in deformation transfer
deformation transfer. In: Tamstorf R, Fellner D, eds. Proc. of the 2009 ACM
SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symp. on Computer Animation. New York: ACM Press, 2009.
67 74.] method for how constructing cage also taught.It is generated by continuous iteration toward extrapolation, reconstruct, simplified process
cage.The point cloud that wherein extrapolation obtains every time will form new grid by Poisson reconstruct, and calculation amount is not small, and iteration
Number be difficult to predict.Deng et al. proposes the construction cage method [Deng for the convex progressive simplification of guarantor measured based on second order error
ZJ, Luo XN, Miao XP. Automatic cage building with quadric error metrics.
Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2011,26(3):538−547.].This method is to cage
Number of vertex accurately control, but finding new point every time is all a quadratic programming problem, and time cost is slightly larger.Li et al. people exists
[Li L, Li GQ, Huang LW. Generation of equidistance cages. Journal of
Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2011,23(6): 956−963 (in Chinese
With English abstract)] in propose that extracting three-dimensional distance field contour surface by voxelization constructs cage.In the party
Simplified model is needed to improve the efficiency of calculating distance field in method, the grid for extracting Iso-surface Reconstruction is also required to simplify.Xian etc.
People automatically generates cage [Xian CH, Lin HW, Gao SM. using OBB(Oriented Bounding Box) bounding box
Automatic cage generation by improved OBBs for mesh deformation. The Visual
Computer, 2012, 28(1):21−33.].The general shape for the cage embodiment model that this method generates and certain language
Adopted information, but with master mould not enough close to.Old snow et al. proposes cage generation method [old snow, Liu based on visual shell
Great waves, Feng Jieqing, the cage based on visual shell are generated, Journal of Software, 2013,24 (10): 2379-2390].This method
Visual shell based on master mould, the i.e. visual effect of some angle of master mould reduce expression and complexity to master mould
The relationship of degree.But since this method is the intersection of the area of space formed by silhouette and the corresponding viewpoint of object, institute
It cannot be embodied with the recessed area of the model (such as: cup) for indent.
As GPU hardware performance is constantly promoted, more and more calculate is realized by GPU, especially can parallel computation
Content.Three-dimensional grid reconstruct also belongs to one of which.Deng et al. proposes a kind of three-dimensional grid weight based on the rendering pipeline of GPU
Structure method [Deng ZJ, He SQ, Shi C, Ma CH, Wu XJ. An algorithm of 3D mesh
reconstructing based on the rendering pipeline. Icmit-16, Advances in
Computer Science Research.].Original is reconfigured quickly out from specified viewing angle by rendering pipeline in this method
The grid surface of the specified fineness of model visibility region.From multiple angles and reconstructed surface is generated, then is fused together,
The reconstructed mesh of the fineness of entire master mould can be generated.This method is not reconfigured quickly merely with GPU parallel computation, right
As long as recessed area is visible to be handled, but gained grid can not encase master mould, so cannot be as control cage.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address deficiency of the existing method on control cage arrangement, propose a kind of based on rendering pipeline
Control cage arrangement method.Threedimensional model is constructed some visual angle under specified fineness by rendering pipeline by this method
Forward sight reconstructed mesh and back view reconstructed mesh, forward sight reconstructed mesh toward being pushed forward, and back view reconstructed mesh toward pusher, then two
Gap between a grid increases by a circle vertex to suture, to construct the control cage of master mould.
The present invention is attained in that a kind of Three dimensions control cage arrangement method, step packet by following technical solution
It includes:
(1) former grid data is read in；
(2) post-processing object is set as A32B32G32R32 format texture object, and setting depth manner of comparison；
(3) vertex shader calculates: other than the transformation of the normal world, viewing transformation and projective transformation, returning each top
Point mixes the texture color that a coordinate with the vertex in object space is value；
(4) pixel coloring device calculates: directly output rasterizes obtained texture sampling color value；
(5) if not obtaining forward sight and back also depending on two as a result, returning to (2) renders another；Otherwise, (6) are executed；
(6) forward sight is fallen the corresponding pixel of wherein non-model depending on texture filtering with back, existed further according to each residual pixel
Relative position in 2 d texture constructs the topological structure of grid surface.The topological structure and vertex are (i.e. each pixel
The three-dimensional vertices that tri- channel color values of RGB are constructed as XYZ) construct forward sight grid surface and back view grid surface；
(7) two textures are combined, are each vertex on the boundary of forward sight curved surface, are found on back view curved surface in same sight
Corresponding vertex creates a vertex with the midpoint of every two corresponding vertex.Using these vertex as suture vertex, forward sight curved surface
It is stitched together with back depending on curved surface；
(8) normal vector for finding out each suture vertex, its past extrapolation certain distance；
(9) past to be pushed forward certain distance according to direction of visual lines all vertex of forward sight curved surface；The all of back view curved surface
Vertex, toward pusher certain distance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is forward sight and back view mesh stitch schematic diagram in the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the suture vertex extrapolation schematic diagram of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the forward sight of the method for the present invention and back view especially push away schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Each step of the invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In (2), present most digital displaying callipers have been supported directly to be rendered on a texture.In order to obtain forward sight and
Back view curved surface, two post-processing object textures should be different resource.The depth manner of comparison setting rendered twice is respectively adopted
" closer " (D3DCMP_LESS is used in Direct3D) and " farther and equal " (use D3DCMP_ in Direct3D
GREATEREQUAL) two ways.This will make in carrying out rasterization process, using different depth comparative approach, thus
To different results.From the point of view of visual effect, the result that closer mode obtains is exactly forward sight reconstructed mesh, and farther and equal side
What formula obtained is back view reconstructed mesh.
In (3), to the texture color that vertex is matched, the purpose is to allow the object vertex in projector space being rasterized
The apex coordinate in corresponding object space still can be very easily accessed in Cheng Zhong.Therefore, it is possible to use various moneys
The mode of source output, uses the texture of A32B32G32R32 format here.The channel R saves X-coordinate, and the channel G saves Y coordinate, also
There is channel B to save Z coordinate.Code used in vertex shader can be such that
void VertDepth(float4 S : POSITION, out float4 SP : POSITION, out
float4 SPT : TEXCOORD1)
{ SP=mul (S, W); SP = mul(SP , V ); SP = mul(SP , P ); SPT = S;}
Wherein, S is master mould vertex, and W is world's transformation matrix, and V is viewing transformation matrix, and P is projective transformation matrix, SP
For the vertex in projector space, SPT is the newborn texture color value of output.Certain program is also not necessarily limited to this, as long as can be realized
Corresponding function.
In (4), code used in pixel coloring device can be such that
void PixDepth(float4 SPT : TEXCOORD1, out float4 SN : COLOR)
{ SN=SPT;}
Wherein, SPT is rasterisation and the texture color that sampling obtains, i.e. sampling obtain the coordinate of corresponding points on master mould.
Certain program is also not necessarily limited to this, as long as corresponding functions can be realized.
In (5), different sequences can be specified by user, but always all generations of forward sight and back view, after just carrying out afterwards
Continuous operation.It is worth noting that, in this process, cannot the viewing angle or distance otherwise will affect and generate below
Two textures it is inconsistent on profile.
In (6), designated value can be preset before not being rendered in two textures, such as: three channels of RGB are all
Very big number, then after rendering, since the pixel covered in model is written with the coordinate of model, so which is easily discriminated
Belong to model a bit, which is non-model.Herein, each pixel is both a pixel in piece image in texture, also
Correspond to a point in three-dimensional space.The neighbouring relations that each vertex can be determined according to the positional relationship between pixel, from
And construct three-dimensional grid curved surface.
In (7), if transformation matrix does not change, then model in two textures during generating two textures
Boundary should be just overlapped.The pixel of same position is on model boundary so in two textures, is in same sight
Corresponding points and corresponding three-dimensional vertices.A kind of mode of curved surface suture can be such as Fig. 1.In such as figure, it is assumed that be from the right
Observing and nursing, what black lines indicated is that front reconstructs resulting grid surface, then the grid (only showing part) on the right
To use " closer " manner of comparison to obtain forward sight reconstructed mesh curved surface, and the grid (only showing part) on the left side is back apparent weight structure
Grid surface.From the point of view of observer, corresponding points are in same sight on the boundary of two curved surfaces.Take the midpoint of corresponding points, structure
New summit is made, then constructs triangle together with border vertices, forms suture zone.
In (8), to each stitch points, in conjunction with in its same sight point and boundary on an adjacent point, i.e.,
It may make up a triangle, using vector multiplication cross, find out the normal vector of triangle.The mode such as Fig. 2 of stitch points toward extrapolation.In figure
By taking the cross section of a cylinder model as an example, display includes corresponding grid vertex.The normal vector of stitch points passes through one
Thin arrow indicates.Stitch points can move a certain distance outward along normal vector.Specific extrapolation distance, user can be according to moulds
Type situation is adjusted.Then corresponding side is also and then adjusted.Mobile result is represented by dashed line.
In (9), direction of visual lines can be calculated according to any pair of vertex described in (7).Two apex coordinate phases
Subtract, direction of visual lines or its opposite direction can be obtained.Example such as Fig. 3 of forward sight and the past extrapolation of back view curved surface.The figure is still with circle
For the cross section of type cylinder models, display includes corresponding grid vertex.Stitch points release after, then forward sight curved surface along
The opposite direction of direction of observation moves a certain distance, and back is moved a certain distance depending on curved surface along direction of observation.Mobile result
It is represented by dashed line.The control cage grid of master mould can be constructed in this way.
The method of the present invention is based on rendering pipeline, for the various representations of model, such as: it is parameterized model, polygon
Shape grid, point cloud etc., as long as object can be rendered, can form depth field corresponding with object, so that it may with this method come structure
Produce the corresponding Three dimensions control cage with object module.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Three dimensions control cage arrangement method, which is characterized in that the step of this method mainly includes following 4 points:
(1) in vertex shader implementation procedure, mix one to each vertex is with coordinate of the vertex in object space
The texture color of value；
(2) in pixel coloring device implementation procedure, the apex coordinate saved in texture is directly exported；
(3) forward sight grid surface and back view grid surface are generated by the texture of output；
(4) forward sight and back view curved surface suture, and vertex is constituted control cage toward extrapolation.
2. Three dimensions control cage arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the texture of the output uses
The texture of A32B32G32R32 format not only shows the resulting two-dimensional position relationship of projection, but also the apex coordinate of record three-dimensional grid.
3. Three dimensions control cage arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the generation forward sight grid surface includes:
(1) before rendering, depth manner of comparison is arranged to retain closer point；
(2) after rendering, grid vertex is constructed according to pixel value in resulting texture, according to the two dimension between the pixel in texture
Positional relationship constructs the topological structure of grid, to construct forward sight grid surface.
4. Three dimensions control cage arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the generation, which is carried on the back depending on grid surface, includes:
(1) before rendering, depth manner of comparison is arranged to retain farther and equal point；
(2) after rendering, grid vertex is constructed according to pixel value in resulting texture, according to the two dimension between the pixel in texture
Positional relationship constructs the topological structure of grid, to construct back view grid surface.
5. Three dimensions control cage arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the curved surface, which sutures, includes:
(1) according to the two of output textures, the one-to-one relationship on the borderline vertex of two curved surfaces is determined, with every a pair of of top
The midpoint of point constructs new summit；
(2) triangle is constructed using new summit and the border vertices of two curved surfaces, two curved surfaces is stitched together.
6. Three dimensions control cage arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein described that vertex is constituted control cage toward extrapolation
Include:
(1) its normal vector is found out according to triangle adjacent thereto for the vertex created for suture, allows it along normal direction
It measures toward extrapolation a certain distance；
(2) for the vertex on forward sight curved surface, along the opposite direction of direction of observation, mobile a certain distance；
(3) for the vertex on back view curved surface, along direction of observation, mobile a certain distance.
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| TWI760675B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2022-04-11 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Method for defect inspection of machining path |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102270356A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2011-12-07 | 东莞中山大学研究院 | Construction method of control cage based on comparison method |
| US8175741B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-05-08 | Ko Young-A | Method for creating panels and pattern-making |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8175741B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-05-08 | Ko Young-A | Method for creating panels and pattern-making |
| CN102270356A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2011-12-07 | 东莞中山大学研究院 | Construction method of control cage based on comparison method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Automatic cage generation by improved OBBs for mesh deformation;Chuhua Xian et al;《The Visual Computer》;20110421;第28卷(第1期);第21-33页 |
| 基于可视外壳的cage生成;陈雪 等;《软件学报》;20131031;第24卷(第10期);第2379-2390页 |
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