CN106832940B - Room temperature shaping shape memory material - Google Patents
Room temperature shaping shape memory material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106832940B CN106832940B CN201710060064.4A CN201710060064A CN106832940B CN 106832940 B CN106832940 B CN 106832940B CN 201710060064 A CN201710060064 A CN 201710060064A CN 106832940 B CN106832940 B CN 106832940B
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/12—Shape memory
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shape memory material for shaping at room temperature. The material is prepared by blending an elastomer polymer material, a transition phase polymer material and an additive component material; the elastic polymer material can enable the blended material to have elasticity, the transition phase polymer can enable the blended material to have a thermally-driven shape memory characteristic, and the additive component material can adjust the elastic property of the blended material and the crystallization speed of the material after the material is softened and then cooled to the transition temperature; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 0-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.05-100MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃. The material of the invention has the shape memory characteristic of thermal drive, has excellent elasticity above or below the transition temperature, and can be shaped and fixed into a temporary shape at room temperature after being heated and softened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composition of a shape memory material, in particular to a shape memory material for shaping at room temperature.
Background
The shape memory polymer as a class of intelligent materials has the function of returning from a temporary shape to an original shape under the action of certain external stimulus. Such external stimuli include heat, light, electricity, magnetism, solvents, etc., of which the study and application of the thermotropic shape memory polymer is the most widespread. Shape memory polymers generally have two parts in structure: one part is an elastic phase; one part is reversible phase.
In the preparation of thermotropic shape memory, the polymer is generally first heated to the transition temperature (T) of its reversible phasetrans) Softening the material and applying external force to deform the material; then cooling to the transition temperature T under the action of external forcetransHereinafter (generally, room temperature), the shape is referred to as a temporary shape when the deformation is maintained after the external force is removed. When the temperature rises to T againtransIn the above, the material returns to the original shape. It is noted that in fixing the temporary shape, it is generally necessary to raise the temperature to the reversible phase transition temperature TtransThe above applies an external force to deform it. But this transition temperature TtransUsually higher than the temperature range (20-60 ℃) suitable for human bodies, which brings limitation to the application of the material. If the material is cooled to about room temperature after being heated, external force can be applied to the materialIt deforms and fixes the temporary shape, i.e. has a room temperature shaping function, which can expand the range of applications of the material, in particular suitable for application to the human body, for example as a wearable material.
At the same time, we have noticed that most of the thermotropic shape memory polymers are at high temperatures (temperatures above the transition phase temperature T)trans) Has good elasticity but at low temperatures (temperatures below the transition temperature T)trans) Lower material is harder or breakable, if as wearable material, its comfortable type can not satisfy the human demand. In order to solve the problem of wearing comfort, the memory sponge material with slow rebound (CN101298490A, CN103030782A, CN103937199A and CN104193954A) is provided, and the material is mainly improved aiming at the instant rebound of the common sponge, and can naturally rebound to generate a buffer stage at the temperature of a human body without generating counterforce to the human body. But the temporary shape can not be maintained during the use process and can gradually return to the original shape.
Patent document CN101985518A describes a shape memory polymer having rubber-like elasticity, which has good elasticity at both high and low temperatures, but which does not have a function of room-temperature shaping. Therefore, a rubbery elastic shape memory material having room temperature moldability and maintaining the shape during use is desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shape memory material which can be shaped at room temperature after being heated and softened, so that the material is at a transition temperature (T)trans) The above or below materials have excellent elasticity and shape memory property driven by heat, and can be molded and fixed into a temporary shape at room temperature after being softened by heating.
The first scheme of the invention is as follows: the room-temperature shaping shape memory material is prepared by blending 10-90 parts by weight of elastomer polymer material, 10-90 parts by weight of transition phase polymer material and 0-80 parts by weight of additive component material (including high-temperature melt blending, solution blending and re-volatilization, solution/melt infiltration and the like); the elastic polymer material can enable the blended material to have elasticity, the transition phase polymer can enable the blended material to have a thermally-driven shape memory characteristic, and the additive component material can adjust the elastic property of the blended material and the crystallization speed of the material after the material is softened and then cooled to the transition temperature; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 0-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.05-100MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
The elastomer polymer is organic silica gel (the types of the elastomer polymer comprise single-component silica gel and two-component silica gel, the curing mode comprises thermal curing, water/humidity curing, photo-curing and the like), ionic polymer (such as Nafion) or a combination of more than one of the organic silica gel and the two-component silica gel.
The transition phase polymer is one or more of polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, thermoplastic or thermosetting polyurethane.
The additive component can be one or more of the following materials: polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium benzoate, aluminum tert-butyl benzoate, sorbitol derivatives, organic phosphates, paraffin, talcum powder, carbon black, kaolin, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the elastomer polymer is organic bi-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polycaprolactone with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-20min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
Preferably, the elastomer polymer is organic bi-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-20min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
Preferably, the elastomer polymer is organic bi-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polylactic acid with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-20min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
Preferably, the elastomer polymer is organic single-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-50MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
Preferably, the elastomer polymer is 40-80 parts by weight of Nafion, the transition phase polymer is 10-50 parts by weight of polyurethane, and the weight parts of the additive components are 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.05-30MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
The second scheme of the invention is as follows: the room temperature shaping shape memory material is obtained by compounding 50-100 parts by weight of a single polymer and 0-50 parts by weight of an additive component; wherein the structure of the single polymer is composed of 10-90 parts by weight of an elastic chain segment and 10-90 parts by weight of a reversible chain segment, and the elastic chain segment and the reversible chain segment are combined through free radical initiation or photoinitiation polymerization reaction by virtue of chemical reaction functional groups respectively possessed by the elastic chain segment and the reversible chain segment; the reversible chain segment can enable the material to have the shape memory characteristic of thermal drive, namely the temporary shape of the material can be subjected to plastic hardening at-5-60 ℃ after being heated and softened; the elastic chain segment can make the material elastic; the additive component material can adjust the elastic property of the material and the shaping and hardening speed at-5-60 ℃; the transformation temperature of the material is 50-90 ℃, the shaping and hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.05-100MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
The structure of the elastic chain segment is one block or the combination of a plurality of blocks in the following structures: a silicon rubber structure chain segment, a natural rubber chain segment, a polyurethane chain segment, a propylene-butylene block and a styrene-butadiene-styrene block.
The structure of the reversible chain segment is one block or the combination of a plurality of blocks in the following structures: the polyurethane polymer comprises a polycaprolactone chain segment, a polylactic acid chain segment, a polyethylene chain segment, a vinyl chloride chain segment, a polyethylene glycol chain segment, a polyoxyethylene chain segment, a polyvinyl alcohol chain segment, a polytetrahydrofuran chain segment, a polynorbornene chain segment and a polyurethane chain segment.
The additive component can be one or more of the following materials: polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium benzoate, aluminum tert-butyl benzoate, sorbitol derivatives, organic phosphates, paraffin, talcum powder, carbon black, kaolin, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the elastic chain segment has a structure of 40-80 parts by weight of a silicone rubber chain segment, the reversible chain segment is 10-50 parts by weight of a polycaprolactone chain segment, and the weight parts of the added components are 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
1. the shape memory rubber body shaped at room temperature has excellent elastic performance as rubber in the range of-30 to 100 ℃, and the comfort requirement of a human body in the application process of the material is ensured.
2. The room-temperature shaping shape memory rubber has good shape memory and room-temperature shaping characteristics, can be cooled to room temperature after being heated and softened, and is restrained and fixed to a temporary shape to finish hardening, thereby avoiding the defect that the ordinary shape memory polymerization needs to fix the temporary shape at a higher temperature and exceeds the overhigh temperature (more than or equal to 60 ℃) suitable for a human body.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the room temperature plastic shape memory material of the specific embodiment.
Example 1
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 80; the transition phase polymer is polycaprolactone, and the weight portion is 15; the additive components are 3.5 parts by weight of polyethylene and 1.5 parts by weight of talcum powder.
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) heating three materials of liquid silica gel part, polycaprolactone and polyethylene of the bi-component thermosetting silica gel in corresponding parts by weight to 120 ℃ to be completely melted; (2) fully stirring to uniformly mix the components to obtain milky white; (3) cooling to room temperature (20-25 deg.C); (4) adding the cross-linking agent part of the bi-component thermosetting silica gel, mixing uniformly, and pouring into a mould; (5) removing gas in the mixture under the vacuum condition; (6) heating at 100 deg.C for 1h to cure the mixture to obtain rubber material.
The shape fixing rate of the rubber material obtained in the embodiment reaches 75%, the recovery rate reaches 95%, and the elastic modulus is 2.99 MPa.
Example 2
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 80; the transition phase polymer is polycaprolactone, and the weight portion is 20; no additional components.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 70%, a recovery rate of 90% and an elastic modulus of 0.26 MPa.
Example 3
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 70; the transition phase polymer is polycaprolactone with the weight portion of 30; no additional components.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The shape fixing rate of the rubber material obtained in the embodiment reaches 80%, the recovery rate reaches 95%, and the elastic modulus is 0.18 MPa.
Example 4
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 70; the transition phase polymer is polycaprolactone with the weight portion of 29; glutaric acid as the component is added, and the weight part is 1.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 80%, a recovery rate of 95% and an elastic modulus of 0.21 MPa.
Example 5
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 60; the transition phase polymer is polyurethane, and the weight portion is 35; adding 3 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate and 2 parts by weight of sodium caproate.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The shape fixing rate of the rubber material obtained in the embodiment reaches 80%, the recovery rate reaches 95%, and the elastic modulus is 0.22 MPa.
Example 6
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 60; the phase-change polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 10; the additive component adopts 30 parts by weight of polyethylene.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 70%, a recovery rate of 95% and an elastic modulus of 0.34 MPa.
Example 7
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 60; the transformation phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 20; the additive component adopts 20 parts by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 70%, a recovery rate of 95% and an elastic modulus of 0.28 MPa.
Example 8
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 60; the transition phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 30; the additive component is polypropylene with the weight portion of 10.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 70%, a recovery rate of 95% and an elastic modulus of 0.42 MPa.
Example 9
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 60; the transformation phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 40; no additional components.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The shape fixing rate of the rubber material obtained in the embodiment reaches 90%, the recovery rate reaches 98%, and the elastic modulus is 6.08 MPa.
Example 10
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight part is 55; 10 parts of polylactic acid is selected as a transition phase polymer; the additive component is polypropylene, and the weight portion is 35.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 60%, a recovery rate of 90% and an elastic modulus of 0.23 MPa.
Example 11
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight part is 50; the transition phase polymer is polylactic acid, and the weight portion is 20; the additive component adopts 30 parts by weight of polyethylene.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has a shape fixing rate of 70%, a recovery rate of 90% and an elastic modulus of 0.62 MPa.
Example 12
The elastomer polymer adopts 45 parts by weight of bi-component thermosetting silica gel; the transition phase polymer is polylactic acid, and the weight portion is 30; the additive component adopts 25 parts of polyvinyl acetate.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has the shape fixing rate of 85%, the recovery rate of more than 98% and the elastic modulus of 0.71 MPa.
Example 13
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 40; the transformation phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 40; the additive component adopts 20 parts by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not repeated. The shape fixing rate of the rubber material obtained in the embodiment reaches 85%, the recovery rate reaches more than 98%, and the elastic modulus is 0.47MPa.
Example 14
The elastomer polymer adopts bi-component thermosetting silica gel, and the weight portion is 60; the transformation phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 40; no additional components.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving thermoplastic polyurethane in corresponding weight parts in acetone; (2) adding the liquid silica gel part and the cross-linking agent part of the thermosetting silica gel in corresponding weight parts into the acetone solution in the step (1), uniformly mixing, and pouring into a mold; (3) volatilizing acetone at room temperature, and curing for more than 24 hours to obtain the rubber material.
The shape fixing rate of the rubber body material obtained in the embodiment reaches 90%, the recovery rate reaches 98%, and the elastic modulus is 5.02MPa
Example 15
The elastomer material adopts single-component liquid silica gel, and the weight portion is 70; the transition phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 30; no additional components.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving thermoplastic polyurethane in corresponding weight parts in acetone; (2) adding single-component liquid silica gel in corresponding weight parts into the acetone solution in the step (1), quickly and uniformly mixing, and pouring into a mold; (3) volatilizing acetone at room temperature, and curing for more than 24 hours to obtain the rubber material.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has the shape fixing rate of 90 percent, the recovery rate of 95 percent and the elastic modulus of 3.0-5.5MPa
Example 16
The elastomer polymer selects bi-component thermosetting silica gel; the phase-change polymer is polyurethane; no additional components.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing the liquid silica gel part and the cross-linking agent part of the bi-component thermosetting silica gel in corresponding parts by weight, pouring the mixture into a mould, and curing to obtain a porous silica gel material with the aperture of 0.001mm-2 mm; (2) dissolving polyurethane in an acetone solution, wherein the mass fraction of the polyurethane is 5-30%; (3) soaking the porous silica gel material obtained in the step (1) in the solution obtained in the step (2) for 1-24h, and enabling the polyurethane solution to penetrate and soak in the silica gel; (4) taking out the porous silica gel material, volatilizing acetone to obtain silica gel and polyurethane, wherein the weight ratio of the silica gel to the polyurethane is 50-70: 50-30 parts of composite rubber body material.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has the shape fixing rate of over 75 percent, the recovery rate of over 95 percent and the elastic modulus of 0.4-5 MPa.
Example 17
The elastomer polymer is ionic polymer Nafion; the phase-change polymer is polyurethane; no additional components.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing Nafion into a material with the aperture of 0.001-0.5 mm; (2) dissolving polyurethane in an acetone solution, wherein the mass fraction of the polyurethane is 5-30%; (3) soaking the Nafion prepared in the step (1) in the solution in the step (2) for 1-24h to enable the polyurethane solution to penetrate and be soaked in the Nafion; (3) volatilizing acetone to obtain a mixture of Nafion and polyurethane with the weight ratio of 50-70: 50-30 parts of composite rubber body material.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has the shape fixing rate of over 65 percent, the recovery rate of over 90 percent and the elastic modulus of 0.1-5 MPa.
Example 18
The elastomer polymer is ionic polymer Nafion, and the weight portion is 80; the phase-change polymer is polyurethane; 20 parts by weight; no additional components.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving thermoplastic polyurethane in corresponding weight parts in acetone; (2) adding a Nafion solution (commercial 5% Nafion solution of DuPont) containing the corresponding weight parts into the acetone solution of the step (1), uniformly mixing, and pouring into a mold; (3) volatilizing the solvent at 120 ℃ and curing for more than 24 hours to obtain the rubber membrane material.
The rubber material obtained in the embodiment has the shape fixing rate of over 75 percent, the recovery rate of over 90 percent and the elastic modulus of 0.1-5 MPa.
Example 19
The elastomer chain segment is selected from polysiloxane pure rubber (containing 1.0 percent of methyl vinyl polysiloxane), and the weight portion is 50; the reversible conversion chain segment is oligomeric (-caprolactone) tetramethyl acrylate with the weight fraction of 50; the additive components are not contained.
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) heating the materials in corresponding parts by weight to 120 ℃ to be completely melted, fully stirring to be uniformly mixed (2) adding thermodynamic free radical initiator (AIBN, BPO) to be uniformly mixed, and pouring the mixture into a mould; (3) heating at 120 ℃ for 30min to react to obtain the rubber material.
The shape fixing rate of the rubber material obtained in the embodiment reaches 75%, the recovery rate reaches 98%, and the elastic modulus is 2.40MPa.
Example 20
The elastomer chain segment is selected from polysiloxane pure rubber (containing 1.0 percent of methyl vinyl polysiloxane), and the weight portion is 50; the reversible conversion chain segment is oligomeric (-caprolactone) tetramethyl acrylate with the weight fraction of 40; the additive component is ethylene-vinyl acetate, and the weight portion is 10.
The manufacturing method is the same as that of embodiment 16, and is not repeated.
The rubber material obtained in the example has a shape fixing rate of 75%, a recovery rate of 95% and an elastic modulus of 1.10 MPa.
Claims (8)
1. A room temperature shaping shape memory material is characterized in that: prepared by blending 10 to 90 weight portions of elastomer polymer material, 10 to 90 weight portions of transition phase polymer material and 0 to 80 weight portions of additive component material; the elastic polymer material can enable the blended material to have elasticity, the transition phase polymer can enable the blended material to have a thermally-driven shape memory characteristic, and the additive component material can adjust the elastic property of the blended material and the crystallization speed of the material after the material is softened and then cooled to the transition temperature; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 DEG CoC, the plastic hardening time is 0-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the material is at-30-100 DEG CThe elastic modulus in the temperature range is 0.05-100 MPa; the elastomer polymer is one or a combination of organic silica gel and ionic polymer; the transition phase polymer is one or the combination of more of polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, thermoplastic or thermosetting polyurethane; the additive component is one or more of the following materials: polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium benzoate, aluminum tert-butyl benzoate, sorbitol derivatives, organic phosphates, paraffin, talcum powder, carbon black, kaolin, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide.
2. The room temperature shape memory material of claim 1, wherein: the elastomer polymer is organic bi-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polycaprolactone with the weight portion of 10-50, and the adding component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-20min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
3. The room temperature shape memory material of claim 1, wherein: the elastomer polymer is organic bi-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-20min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
4. The room temperature shape memory material of claim 1, wherein: the elastomer polymer is organic bi-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polylactic acid with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-20min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
5. The room temperature shape memory material of claim 1, wherein: the elastomer polymer is organic single-component silica gel with the weight portion of 40-80, the transition phase polymer is polyurethane with the weight portion of 10-50, and the weight portion of the addition component is 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-50MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
6. The room temperature shape memory material of claim 1, wherein: the elastomer polymer is 40-80 parts by weight of ionic polymer Nafion, the transition phase polymer is 10-50 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane, and the weight parts of the addition components are 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.05-30MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
7. A room temperature shaping shape memory material is characterized in that: is prepared by compounding 50-100 parts by weight of a single polymer and 0-50 parts by weight of an additive component; wherein the structure of the single polymer is composed of 10-90 parts by weight of an elastic chain segment and 10-90 parts by weight of a reversible chain segment, and the elastic chain segment and the reversible chain segment are combined through free radical initiation or photoinitiation polymerization reaction by virtue of chemical reaction functional groups respectively possessed by the elastic chain segment and the reversible chain segment; the reversible chain segment can enable the material to have the shape memory characteristic of thermal drive, namely the temporary shape of the material can be subjected to plastic hardening at-5-60 ℃ after being heated and softened; the elastic chain segment can make the material elastic; the additive component material can adjust the elastic property of the material and the shaping and hardening speed at-5-60 ℃; the transition temperature of the material is 50-90 DEG CoC, the molding hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.05-100MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃; the structure of the elastic chain segment is one block or a plurality of blocks in the following structureCombining: a silicon rubber structure chain segment, a natural rubber chain segment, a polyurethane chain segment, a propylene-butylene block and a styrene-butadiene-styrene block; the structure of the reversible chain segment is one block or the combination of a plurality of blocks in the following structures: a polycaprolactone chain segment, a polylactic acid chain segment, a polyethylene chain segment, a vinyl chloride chain segment, a polyethylene glycol chain segment, a polyoxyethylene chain segment, a polyvinyl alcohol chain segment, a polytetrahydrofuran chain segment, a polynorbornene chain segment and a polyurethane chain segment; the additive component can be one or more of the following materials: polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium benzoate, aluminum tert-butyl benzoate, sorbitol derivatives, organic phosphates, paraffin, talcum powder, carbon black, kaolin, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide.
8. The room temperature shape memory material of claim 7, wherein: the structure of the elastic chain segment is 40-80 parts by weight of a silicon rubber chain segment, the reversible chain segment is 10-50 parts by weight of a polycaprolactone chain segment, and the weight parts of the added components are 0-40; the transition temperature of the blended material is 50-90 ℃, the plastic hardening time is 1-30min at the temperature of-5-60 ℃, and the elastic modulus of the material is 0.1-25MPa within the temperature range of-30-100 ℃.
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| CN108424649B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2024-07-05 | 南京天朗制药有限公司 | Elastic shape memory material with shear thickening performance and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112574569B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-08-16 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Multi-temperature response shape memory organic silicon rubber material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111548456B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-05-13 | 长春工业大学 | Polymer for endowing polylactic acid with water-induced shape memory |
| CN114213848A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Shape memory porous material capable of being shaped at body temperature/room temperature and preparation method thereof |
| CN115477853B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-03-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Light/heat curing shape memory hybridization material, preparation method and application thereof |
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