CN109142036B - Static compression bending test method for vertebral plate fixing plate system - Google Patents
Static compression bending test method for vertebral plate fixing plate system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142036B CN109142036B CN201811219820.4A CN201811219820A CN109142036B CN 109142036 B CN109142036 B CN 109142036B CN 201811219820 A CN201811219820 A CN 201811219820A CN 109142036 B CN109142036 B CN 109142036B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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Abstract
The patent discloses a static compression bending test method of a vertebral plate fixing plate system, which is completed by the following equipment: a static compression bending test device, a test machine connecting device and a test machine of a vertebral plate fixing plate system are disclosed, wherein a test block connected with the vertebral plate fixing plate test device is pressurized by using static pressure, and simultaneously, the variable load and displacement are continuously measured, and corresponding data of the displacement and the load are output; the method comprises the following steps: step one, an installation step; step two, an experiment design step; step three, an experiment step; step four, data analysis step; wherein the data analysis step comprises determining a 2% residual displacement, a compressive bending yield load, a compressive bending stiffness, and a compressive bending limit load from the recorded loads and displacements. The test scheme is assembled according to the position relation between the vertebral plate fixing plate and the vertebral column in the actual operation, the condition that the door opening vertebral plate is squeezed to close the door after the operation is simulated by applying load, and the bending resistance of the vertebral plate fixing plate is measured.
Description
Technical Field
This patent belongs to the medical equipment field, specifically designs a static compression bending test method of vertebral plate fixed plate system.
Background
The vertebral plate fixing plate system is also called a vertebral plate forming system, and the vertebral plate fixing plate (shown in figure 1) is an internal fixing device for vertebral plate reconstruction after a vertebral plate resection operation for a patient with a vertebral canal internal disease. The treatment methods for the intraspinal diseases mainly comprise simple laminectomy, laminoplasty and the like. For the operation in the vertebral canal, the vertebral canal is fully exposed, the occupation is completely removed, the spinal cord compression is relieved, and the biomechanical stability of the vertebral column is maintained.
The vertebral plate fixing plate bridges the vertebral plate and the lateral mass at the opening side, so that the lifted vertebral plate can obtain the immediate stability after the operation. The volume of the vertebral canal can be increased, the spinal cord is directly decompressed and is allowed to migrate to the back side to leave the intervertebral and the vertebral body, so that indirect decompression is completed, full exposure and decompression in an operation can be realized, and postoperative instability of the spinal column can be prevented. Laminoplasty avoids extensive excision of the posterior structure of the spine, takes account of vertebral canal decompression and spine stability, reduces complications such as kyphotic deformity and dura mater scar adhesion, can fully expose the vertebral canal, is used for direct-view operation in the field of vision, avoids injury of cauda equina and nerve roots, and is wide and thorough in pathological excision.
After the laminoplasty is performed on a patient, tissues such as muscles around the side of the portal axis can contract and squeeze the opened vertebral plate, and if the mechanical property of the vertebral plate fixing plate is insufficient, the phenomenon that the door is closed can be caused. Postoperative reclosure is the most major and serious complication. The current experimental method for the spinal implant is YY/T0857-2011 test method for the spinal implant in a vertebral resection model, wherein a test block and a loading method are not suitable for a vertebral plate fixing system. At present, no test method aiming at the comparison of the mechanical properties of the vertebral plate fixing plates exists, and the performance of the vertebral plate fixing plates of different types can not be accurately evaluated close to the actual use state.
After the laminoplasty is performed on a patient, tissues such as muscles around the side of the portal axis can contract and squeeze the opened vertebral plate, and if the mechanical property of the vertebral plate fixing plate is insufficient, the phenomenon that the door is closed can be caused. The test scheme is assembled according to the position relation between the vertebral plate fixing plate and the vertebral column in the actual operation, the situation that the door of the vertebral plate is opened after the operation and is pressed to close the door is simulated by applying load, the bending resistance of the vertebral plate fixing plate is measured, the basis is provided for the design of the vertebral plate fixing plate, and meanwhile, the mechanical property comparison can be carried out on the vertebral plate fixing plates made of different materials, different models and different manufacturers according to the test scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
This patent is just proposed based on prior art's above-mentioned demand, and the technical problem that this patent will be solved provides a static compression bending test method of vertebral plate fixed plate system and tests the corresponding physical properties of vertebral plate fixed plate under with pressing close to the condition of vertebral plate fixed plate user state.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present patent provides a method including:
a static compression bending test method for a vertebral plate fixing plate system, which is characterized by being completed by the following equipment: a static compression bending test apparatus for a lamina fixation plate system to test the mechanical properties of a lamina fixation plate by simulating the environment in which the lamina operates, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a lower bracket test block of a vertebral plate fixing plate test device, a vertebral plate fixing plate and a connecting block, wherein the lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate test device and the connecting block are realized by using ultra-high molecular polyethylene, the tensile breaking strength of the ultra-high molecular polyethylene is 40 +/-3 MPa, and the lower bracket test block and the connecting block of each vertebral plate fixing plate test device are only used once; the vertebral plate fixing plate comprises a first fixing end, a second fixing end and a connecting plate connected between the first fixing end and the second fixing end; the lower bracket test block comprises a base and mounting platforms which are positioned at two sides of the base and extend out of the base along the same direction, the base can be set to be basically straight, the mounting platforms at two sides and the base are integrally formed into a shape of ︼, the second fixing and fixing of the vertebral plate fixing plate is fixed on the mounting platforms, and the two vertebral plate fixing plates are respectively arranged on the mounting platforms at two sides; after vertebral plate fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the installation platform, first ends of the two vertebral plate fixing plates are fixed on the connecting block; when the specifications and the sizes of the vertebral plate fixing plates are different, connecting blocks with different distances N (N is the length of the connecting blocks) are designed to ensure that lower bracket test blocks of the vertebral plate fixing plate test device are consistent and the loading force arms are the same; the connecting block is arranged between the two oppositely arranged vertebral plate fixing plates and comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface, the upper surface is in a basically horizontal shape, the lower surface is a curve protruding downwards, the side surface is matched with the first end of the vertebral plate fixing plate in shape, and a loading positioning hole is preferably formed in the upper surface of the connecting block; the vertebral plate fixing top plate is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the top of the mounting table, and the shape of the inner side of the top of the mounting table is matched with the shape of the mounting surface of the second end of the vertebral plate fixing plate; the testing machine connecting device comprises a loading block and a testing machine connecting plate; the upper end of the loading block is in a block shape and comprises a connecting hole connected with the testing machine, and the lower end of the loading block is in a rod shape and is inserted into a loading positioning hole of the connecting block; the lower end of the connecting plate of the testing machine is connected to the fixed end of the testing machine, and the upper end of the connecting plate of the testing machine is fixedly connected with the lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device; the testing machine is used for pressurizing the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block by using static pressure, continuously measuring changed load and displacement at the same time, and outputting corresponding data of the displacement and the load; the method comprises the following steps: step one, an installation step; step two, an experiment design step; step three, an experiment step; step four, data analysis step; wherein the data analysis step comprises determining a 2% residual displacement, a compressive bending yield load, a compressive bending stiffness, and a compressive bending limit load from the recorded loads and displacements.
Preferably, in the steps of the method, the first step and the installation step are carried out, a lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate system test device and a vertebral plate fixing plate test device connecting test block are prepared; assembling the vertebral plate fixing plate with the experimental device by using screws; fixing the lower bracket of the vertebral plate fixing plate system testing device on a connecting plate of a testing machine, and ensuring that the center of the loading block is aligned with the center of a connecting block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device; step two, an experiment design step, namely setting a software environment, opening a testing machine control software to edit a test scheme, setting the movement mode of the testing machine as displacement, and setting the displacement control as 5 mm/min; and step three, an experiment step, namely pressurizing the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block by using the static pressure generated by the testing machine, continuously measuring the changed load and displacement at the same time, and outputting the corresponding data of the displacement and the load. Step four, a data analysis step, namely determining 2% residual displacement, compressive bending yield load, compressive bending rigidity and compressive bending limit load according to the load and displacement recorded in the step three; load displacement data output by the testing machine is arranged to obtain a vertebral plate fixing plate compression bending displacement load curve a, linear fitting is carried out on an initial linear part of the curve to obtain a fitting curve b, linear offset is carried out on the fitting curve, and the offset distance is 2% of residual displacement to obtain an offset curve c; the ordinate of the intersection point of the displacement load curve a and the offset curve c is compressive bending yield load, the slope of the fitting curve b is compressive bending rigidity, and the maximum value of the ordinate on the displacement load curve a is compressive bending limit load.
This test scheme assembles according to the position relation of vertebral plate fixed plate and backbone in the actual operation, and the vertebral plate that opens the door after simulating the art through applying load receives the condition that the extrusion "closed the door", and the bending resistance ability of survey vertebral plate fixed plate provides the basis to the design of vertebral plate fixed plate, and to establishing same test scheme simultaneously, can carry out the mechanical properties contrast to different materials, different models, different producers production vertebral plate fixed plate according to this test scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembled view of a laminboard testing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation after a laminoplasty;
FIG. 3 is a loading schematic;
fig. 4 is a typical load displacement graph.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present patent refers to the accompanying drawings and is only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the patent and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a static compression bend test device for a lamina fixation plate system. The device is used for carrying out mechanical test experiments on the vertebral plate fixing plate system.
The lamina fixation plate system is commonly used for repairing and securing natural spinal lamina. In the process of using the vertebral plate fixing plate system, the side with heavier symptoms is selected as the opening side at the preset position of the vertebra, a bone groove is opened along the 2-3mm position of the inner side edge of the bilateral facet joint 9, the vertebral plate of the vertebra is ground by a micro high-speed grinding drill, the opening side is ground to penetrate the inner cortical bone of the vertebral plate of the vertebra to the dura mater sac, a V-shaped bone groove 6 is ground on the vertebral plate of the opposite side by a grinding drill, and the bone groove is deep to the deep cortex of the vertebral plate and is used as a hinge of the door axis side. Then the vertebral plate fixing plate is connected with the corrected vertebral plate of the vertebra through a screw fixing mode. A cross-sectional view of the vertebra after the connection is shown in fig. 2. At this time, since the fixed spine is formed, and since the spine is the main stressed bone of the human body, the vertebral plate fixing plate usually bears corresponding stress in the human body, and the performance of the vertebral plate fixing plate is directly related to the performance of the vertebral plate fixing plate under different stress.
Based on the above working method of the vertebral plate fixing plate, the present embodiment provides a static compression bending test device for the vertebral plate fixing plate system, so as to test the mechanical properties of the vertebral plate fixing plate by simulating the working environment of the vertebral plate. As shown in FIG. 1, a static compression bending test apparatus for a lamina fixation plate system in this embodiment comprises: the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device comprises a lower bracket test block 1, a vertebral plate fixing plate 2, a connecting block 3 and a screw 4.
The structure of a conventional vertebral plate fixing plate is shown in fig. 1, and the vertebral plate fixing plate includes a first fixing end, a second fixing end, and a connecting plate connected between the first fixing end and the second fixing end. The first fixed end is formed into a plate mouth shape in the embodiment, and comprises an upper lip and a lower lip, and the inner ends of the upper lip and the lower lip are connected with the connecting plate, so that the plate mouth is formed into a transverse plate mouth with a substantially V-shaped cross section. Wherein the first fixing end and the second fixing end are fixedly connected with different parts of the vertebral plate respectively, so that the vertebral plate fixing plate corrects and fixes the vertebra.
In the experimental set-up of fig. 1, the lower rack test block includes a base 11 and mounting blocks protruding from the base in the same direction at both sides of the base, and the base may be provided in a substantially flat shape, and the mounting blocks at both sides and the base are integrally formed in a shape of "︼". The second fixing installation of the vertebral plate fixing plates is fixed on the installation platform, and as shown in the figure, the number of the vertebral plate fixing plates is two, and the two vertebral plate fixing plates are respectively installed on the installation platforms at the two sides. Preferably, the vertebral plate fixing top plate is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the top of the installation platform, the shape of the inner side of the top of the installation platform is matched with the shape of the installation surface of the second end of the vertebral plate fixing plate, and the vertebral plate fixing plate and the installation platform can be fixed through screws. Thus, the vertebral plate fixing plate can be firmly installed on the installation platform, and the installation condition of the second end of the vertebral plate fixing plate in actual use is simulated.
After the vertebral plate fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the installation platform, the first ends of the two vertebral plate fixing plates are fixed on the connecting blocks as shown in figure 1, and the working environment of the vertebral plate fixing plates after actual implantation is simulated as much as possible. For the vertebral plate fixing plates of different models, the sizes are different, the length N of the connecting test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device can be changed, the consistency of the lower support test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device is ensured, and the same loading force arm is ensured.
The test blocks 1 and 3 marked in fig. 1 are made of high molecular weight polyethylene, the tensile breaking strength of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene used for preparing the test blocks should be (40 +/-3) Mpa, and each test block can only be used once. The block of high molecular weight polyethylene can eliminate the influence of bone characteristics and morphometry.
The experimental device further comprises a connecting block 3, wherein the connecting block 3 is a single block, as shown in fig. 1, and is used for being arranged between the two oppositely arranged vertebral plate fixing plates, the structure of the connecting block 3 comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface, the upper surface is basically horizontal, the lower surface is approximately downwards protruded arc-shaped curve, and the side surface can be a plane or a V-shaped surface matched with the shape of the first end of the vertebral plate fixing plate. And a loading positioning hole is preferably formed in the upper surface of the connecting block 3 and is connected with a loading block 7 of the testing machine through the loading positioning hole. Thus, the corresponding testing force is loaded through the testing machine, so that different performance tests of the vertebral plate fixing system are completed. The loading locating hole is used for locating the loading output end of the loading block 7 of the testing machine, so that on one hand, the stability of force application during testing can be guaranteed, and on the other hand, the force application position can be determined to guarantee the balance of the loaded force application.
The connecting device of the experimental device and the testing machine is shown in fig. 3, the connecting device comprises a loading block 7 and a testing machine connecting plate 8, the upper end of the loading block 7 is in a block shape, the upper end of the block shape comprises a connecting hole connected with the testing machine, and other similar connecting modes can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the hole, such as a groove, a thread fixing and the like. The lower end of the loading block 7 is formed in a rod shape so as to be easily combined with the connection block 3 having a small size, and the rod-shaped lower end of the loading block is inserted into the connection block 3 so as to be transferred to the experimental device through the loading block 7 after the force is applied from the tester. The lower end of the connecting plate 8 of the testing machine is fixedly connected with the lower bracket test block 1 of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device; the fixing connection mode can be realized by bolts or similar connection modes as long as the fixing function is realized.
When the testing machine works, the static pressure generated by the testing machine is utilized to pressurize the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block, simultaneously continuously measure the changed load and displacement, and output the corresponding data of the displacement and the load. This embodiment further provides a method for testing the compressive bending of a lamina fixation plate according to the above experimental apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, mounting step
Preparing a lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing system test device and a vertebral plate fixing plate test device connecting test block; assembling the vertebral plate fixing plate with the experimental device by using screws; and fixing the lower bracket of the vertebral plate fixing plate system testing device on the connecting plate of the testing machine, and ensuring that the center of the loading block is aligned with the center of the connecting block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device.
Step two, experimental design step
Setting a software environment, opening testing machine control software MDCTest-D, editing a test scheme, setting the movement mode of the testing machine to be displacement, and setting the displacement control to be 5 mm/min. And (3) pressurizing the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block by using the static pressure generated by the testing machine, continuously measuring the changed load and displacement at the same time, and outputting the displacement and corresponding data of the load.
Step three, experiment step
And (3) pressurizing the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block by using the static pressure generated by the testing machine, continuously measuring the changed load and displacement at the same time, and outputting the displacement and corresponding data of the load.
Step four, data analysis step
Determining 2% residual displacement, compressive bending yield load, compressive bending stiffness and compressive bending limit load according to the load and displacement recorded in the third step;
the load displacement data output by the tester is input into originPro 2016, so that a compressive bending displacement load curve (as shown in a figure 4) of the vertebral plate fixing plate can be obtained, a linear fitting is carried out on an initial straight line part of the curve to obtain a fitting curve (as shown in a figure 4 b), the fitting curve is linearly offset, and the offset distance is 2% of residual displacement to obtain an offset curve (as shown in a figure 4 c). The ordinate of the intersection point of the curve a and the straight line c is the compressive bending yield load, the slope of b is the compressive bending rigidity, and the maximum value of the ordinate on the curve a is the compressive bending limit load.
The larger the compressive bending yield load, the better the mechanical property of the vertebral plate fixing plate.
2% residual shift: residual deformation of 0.020 times the working length of the part as measured by the loader (see point B in fig. 4), the working length multiplied by 0.02 being 2% residual displacement
Compressive bending stiffness: the yield load from the compressive bending is divided by the elastic displacement (see slope of BC in fig. 4). For the ability of the vertebral plate fixing plate system to resist deformation, the greater the compressive bending rigidity, the better the mechanical properties.
Compressive bending yield load: the compressive load applied in the longitudinal direction (see load at point D in figure 4) required to produce a residual deformation of 0.020 times the working length of the longitudinal member, the greater the compressive bending yield load, the better the mechanical properties of the lamina fixation plate.
Compressive bending limit load: the maximum compressive load exerted on the assembly (see the load at point E in figure 4). The lamina fixation plate resists the maximum force that can be resisted during compressive bending deformation.
Claims (1)
1. A static compression bending test method for a vertebral plate fixing plate system, which is characterized by being completed by using the following test devices:
a static compression bending test apparatus for a lamina fixation plate system to test the mechanical properties of a lamina fixation plate by simulating the environment in which the lamina operates, the test apparatus comprising: the device comprises a lower bracket test block of a vertebral plate fixing plate test device, a vertebral plate fixing plate and a connecting block, wherein the lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate test device and the connecting block are realized by using ultra-high molecular polyethylene, the tensile breaking strength of the ultra-high molecular polyethylene is 40 +/-3 MPa, and the lower bracket test block and the connecting block of each vertebral plate fixing plate test device are only used once; the vertebral plate fixing plate comprises a first fixing end, a second fixing end and a connecting plate connected between the first fixing end and the second fixing end; the lower bracket test block comprises a base and mounting platforms which are positioned at two sides of the base and extend out of the base along the same direction, the base is set to be straight, the mounting platforms at two sides and the base are integrally formed to be ︼, the second fixed end of the vertebral plate fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the mounting platforms, and the two vertebral plate fixing plates are respectively mounted on the mounting platforms at two sides; after vertebral plate fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the installation platform, first ends of the two vertebral plate fixing plates are fixed on the connecting block; when the specifications and the sizes of the vertebral plate fixing plates are different, connecting blocks with different distances N are designed, wherein N is the length of the connecting blocks, so that the consistency of lower bracket test blocks of the vertebral plate fixing plate test device is ensured, and the same loading force arms are ensured; the connecting block is arranged between the two oppositely arranged vertebral plate fixing plates and comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface, the upper surface is in a horizontal shape, the lower surface is in a downward protruding curve, the side surface is matched with the first end of the vertebral plate fixing plate in shape, and a loading positioning hole is formed in the upper surface of the connecting block; the vertebral plate fixing top plate is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the top of the mounting table, and the shape of the inner side of the top of the mounting table is matched with the shape of the mounting surface of the second fixing end of the vertebral plate fixing plate;
the testing machine connecting device comprises a loading block and a testing machine connecting plate; the upper end of the loading block is in a block shape and comprises a connecting hole connected with the testing machine, and the lower end of the loading block is in a rod shape and is inserted into a loading positioning hole of the connecting block; the lower end of the connecting plate of the testing machine is connected to the fixed end of the testing machine, and the upper end of the connecting plate of the testing machine is fixedly connected with the lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device;
the testing machine is used for pressurizing the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block by using static pressure, continuously measuring changed load and displacement at the same time, and outputting corresponding data of the displacement and the load;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting step
Preparing a lower bracket test block of the vertebral plate fixing plate system test device and a vertebral plate fixing plate test device connecting test block; assembling the vertebral plate fixing plate and the test device by using screws; fixing the lower bracket of the vertebral plate fixing plate system testing device on a connecting plate of a testing machine, and ensuring that the center of the loading block is aligned with the center of a connecting block of the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device;
step two, experimental design step
Setting a software environment, opening control software of a testing machine to edit a test scheme, setting the movement mode of the testing machine as displacement, and setting the displacement control to be 5 mm/min;
step three, experiment step
The static pressure generated by the testing machine is utilized to pressurize the vertebral plate fixing plate testing device connecting test block, simultaneously continuously measure the changed load and displacement and output the corresponding data of the displacement and the load;
step four, data analysis step
Determining 2% residual displacement, compressive bending yield load, compressive bending stiffness and compressive bending limit load according to the load and displacement recorded in the third step;
load displacement data output by the testing machine is arranged to obtain a vertebral plate fixing plate compression bending displacement load curve a, linear fitting is carried out on an initial linear part of the curve to obtain a fitting curve b, linear offset is carried out on the fitting curve, and the offset distance is 2% of residual displacement to obtain an offset curve c; the ordinate of the intersection point of the displacement load curve a and the offset curve c is compressive bending yield load, the slope of the fitting curve b is compressive bending rigidity, and the maximum value of the ordinate on the displacement load curve a is compressive bending limit load.
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| CN112697416A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-23 | 德检(江苏)检测技术有限公司 | Method for testing structure stability of universal screw and bone plate |
| CN215937821U (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-03-04 | 浙江德康医疗器械有限公司 | Static compression bending test device of zero notch fusion cage system |
| CN118032538B (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-08-16 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材有限公司 | Scoliosis external test device |
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