CN103949806B - A kind of preparation method of welding wire - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of welding wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN103949806B CN103949806B CN201410207772.2A CN201410207772A CN103949806B CN 103949806 B CN103949806 B CN 103949806B CN 201410207772 A CN201410207772 A CN 201410207772A CN 103949806 B CN103949806 B CN 103949806B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/053—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 30% but less than 40%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal, the component of its alloy and mass percent are C:0.4% ~ 0.45%, Mn:1.0% ~ 1.5%, Si:0.15% ~ 1.2%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.02%, Cr:28% ~ 30%, Ni:49% ~ 51%, Co≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, Al≤0.1%, W:4.0% ~ 5.0%, all the other are iron; Preparation method is moved back by alloy melting-electroslag remelting-hot forging-hot-roll annealing-pickling, reconditioning-cold drawn-hydrogen, and electroslag remelting adopts CaF
2, Al
2o
3, CaO slag system.The preparation method of nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention can obtain the comparatively thin welding wire that performance meets the demands, and lumber recovery is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of welding wire, belong to technical field of alloy.
Background technology
Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloy, has very high resistance to elevated temperatures, can make welding wire for repairing refractory metal material.But chromium constituent content is higher and containing W elements in Cr28Ni48W5 alloy, the constituent content such as aluminium, titanium is lower, and therefore Cr28Ni48W5 alloy working plasticity is poor, is a kind of high temperature solder wire material of difficulty distortion, be generally used for the welding wire that manufacture is thicker, when welding wire is thinner, lumber recovery is extremely low.
Chinese patent literature CN101249591 discloses a kind of nickel-based welding wire and preparation technology thereof, and this welding wire nickel content is high, and not containing W elements, it is made by vacuum metling-electroslag remelting-forging-hot rolling-wire drawing-annealing process.
Chinese patent literature CN102912151 discloses a kind of ultrapure electro-slag re-melting method of high performance corrosion resistant alloy, there are following steps: by the food ingredient from molten electrode bar be by weight: Ni:25 ~ 34 part, Cr:25 ~ 29 part, Mo:2.5 ~ 4.5 part, Fe:30 ~ 45 part, through vacuum induction melting, obtained from molten electrode bar; From molten electrode bar in slag charge proportioning be by weight: CaF
2: 55 ~ 80 parts, CaO:5 ~ 25 part, Al
2o
3: 5 ~ 15 parts, slowly melt in the melting electroslag remelting slag charge of MgO:5 ~ 10 part, purify, at crystallizer again crystallization, obtain ESR ingot; ESR ingot, at the temperature of 1130 ± 5 DEG C, is forged into bar, solution treatment, obtains high performance corrosion resistant alloy.Adopt the inventive method can reduce the content of the harmful element such as sulphur, phosphorus in alloy, improve the Impurity Distribution situation of alloy, be beneficial to thinning microstructure, improve its hot-working character and lumber recovery.This welding wire nickel content is lower, and iron content is higher, and not containing W elements.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of alloy composition, manufacturing process is optimized, can be that the nickel-base alloy of Cr28Ni48W5 is made compared with thin welding wire and the higher nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal preparation method of lumber recovery by the trade mark.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is a kind of preparation method of nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal, and concrete steps are as follows:
A. alloy melting is C:0.4% ~ 0.45% according to the component of alloy and mass percent, Mn:1.0% ~ 1.5%, Si:0.15% ~ 1.2%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.02%, Cr:28% ~ 30%, Ni:49% ~ 51%, Co≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, Al≤0.1%, W:4.0% ~ 5.0%, all the other are iron, prepare burden, raw material is dropped in vaccum sensitive stove and carry out melting, pour into electrode bar;
B. electroslag remelting, adopts the electroslag remelting equipment of prior art, is carried out on the surface of electrode bar inserting in slag as consutrode after grinding process, and slag adopts CaF
2, Al
2o
3, CaO slag system, CaF in slag system
2mass percentage content be 75% ~ 85%, Al
2o
3mass percentage content be the mass percentage content of 12% ~ 18%, CaO be 4% ~ 6%, electric current 2100A ~ 2300A, steel ingot binds feeding electric current 0A ~ 1500A, and bind time 3min ~ 5min, and the cooling 5min ~ 10min that has a power failure takes off ingot, be cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere, obtain alloy pig;
C. hot forging, heating furnace alloy pig being put into initial temperature≤600 DEG C heats, and is warming up to 1210 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, forges, be forged into alloy preform, be cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere after insulation 50min ~ 80min;
D. hot-roll annealing, after alloy preform figuring of surface, is heated to 1080 DEG C ~ 1120 DEG C and carries out hot rolling, is rolled into the first silk material of dish, is cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere;
E. pickling, reconditioning, carry out pickling by first for dish silk material sulfuric acid, then repair polishing;
F. cold drawn, adopt existing cold-drawing process, the progressively drawing-down of first silk material will be coiled, until silk material diameter≤3mm;
G. hydrogen moves back, and the dish unit silk material after cold drawn process is warming up to 1035 DEG C ~ 1065 DEG C and carries out hydrogen and move back process, and hydrogen moves back aligning after process.
CaF in above-mentioned slag system
2mass percentage content be 80%, Al
2o
3mass percentage content be the mass percentage content of 15%, CaO be 5%.
Above-mentioned Si mass percentage content is in the alloy 0.15% ~ 0.8%.
Above-mentioned Mn mass percentage content is in the alloy 1.0% ~ 1.2%.
The diameter of above-mentioned electrode bar is 80mm.
Temperature retention time in above-mentioned steps C is 60min.
The cooling 5min that has a power failure in above-mentioned steps B takes off ingot.
In above-mentioned steps D, alloy preform is rolled into the dish unit silk material that diameter is 8mm; Cold-drawing process in described step F is according to silk material diameter: 8mm-7mm-6mm-5mm-4.2mm-3.5mm-2.8mm-2.4mm, carry out wire drawing successively and respectively when silk material diameter is 7mm and silk material diameter is 2.8mm sulfuric acid carry out pickling.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, realize the present invention and a kind of nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal obtained by the preparation method of above-mentioned nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal is also provided.
The present invention has positive effect:
(1) the Si element in welding wire is conducive to forming oxide-film on the surface of weld seam, improves the non-oxidizability of weld seam when high temperature, simultaneously Si or good deoxidier, and can increase the mobility of slag and deposite metal.But in general Cr28Ni48W5 alloy Si content be 1% to 2%, Si too high levels easily produce formation slag inclusion, On Impact Toughness also has impact.Si element in nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal alloy composition of the present invention has carried out strict control, is conducive to the plasticity improving material, so that alloy is processed into thinner welding wire.
(2) the Mn element in welding wire is good desulfurizing agent, is also solution strengthening element simultaneously, can improves intensity and the hardness of weld seam, but in general Cr28Ni48W5 alloy, Mn content is about 1.5%.Mn element in nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal alloy composition of the present invention has carried out strict control, is conducive to the plasticity improving material, so that alloy is processed into thinner welding wire.
(3) nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal alloy composition of the present invention is optimized, and the proportioning of these three essential elements of Ni, Cr, W ensure that the welding performance of welding wire.The content of the elements such as control Co, Mo, Ti, Al, the plasticity being also conducive to improving material is convenient to alloy to be processed into thinner welding wire.
(4) nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention strictly controls the content of Mn and Si, but Mn and Si combined deoxidation is the most effective deoxidation mode, in order to ensure while the content of Mn and Si reduces, do not affect other performances of welding wire, the present invention is in preparation process, adopt the technique of vacuum metling, be conducive to reducing and lower gas content and harmful element content, the elements such as Al, the Ti that may exist with season are not oxidizable.The present invention additionally uses electroslag remelting process in preparation process, be conducive to purifying metal, remove non-metallic inclusion significantly, pure, the dense structure of alloy, uniform composition, any surface finish after electroslag remelting, the quality and performance of alloy pig can be made to be improved, plasticity under the low temperature of alloy, room temperature and high temperature and impact flexibility are strengthened, and alloy pig being processed into comparatively thin welding wire can improve lumber recovery effectively.The slag system of electroslag remelting of the present invention is selected according to the composition of alloy, preferred CaF
2: Al
2o
3: CaO=80:15:5, thus fusing point, electrical conductivity, viscosity are all matched with alloying component, farthest can purify alloy.
(5) nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention additionally uses the technique that hydrogen moves back in preparation process, the hardness of welding wire can be reduced, improve plasticity, eliminate internal stress, thinning microstructure and elimination tissue odds and property, make grain structure evenly, surface is fine and smooth, bright, and welding wire is soft, without magnetic, fatigue resistance is good, stretching force is large.
(6) nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention adopts the trade mark to be the nickel-base alloy of Cr28Ni48W5, and by the optimization of alloying component and manufacturing process, can make the welding wire of below diameter 3mm, lumber recovery is more than 96%.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component of alloy and mass percent are C:0.41%, Mn:1.02%, Si:0.57%, P:0.02%, S:0.02%, Cr:28.32%, Ni:49.58%, Co:0.08%, Mo:0.09%, Ti:0.08%, Al:0.07%, W:4.81%, all the other are iron.
Preparation method's concrete steps of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment are as follows:
A. alloy melting, prepare burden according to the component of alloy and mass percent, raw material after surface derusting and greasy dirt is dropped in vaccum sensitive stove, after charging, start to vacuumize, until when pressure reaches 0.67Pa, start power transmission heating furnace charge, temperature controls at about 1600 DEG C, vacuum degree control is at 0.1 ~ 1Pa, after furnace charge is melting down, add appropriate blocky graphite immediately or other high-carbon materials carry out reaction between carbon and oxygen, abundant deoxidation, degas, after volatilization field trash, add intermediate alloy fragment, add rear high-power stirring 2min, accelerate the fusing of alloy and be evenly distributed, because the volatility of Mn is stronger, generally before tapping, 5min adds, after alloying, temperature and composition qualified namely pourable, tapping temperature is 1590 DEG C.Pour into the electrode bar that diameter is 80mm.
B. electroslag remelting, adopts the electroslag remelting equipment of prior art, is carried out on the surface of electrode bar inserting in slag as consutrode after grinding process, and slag adopts CaF
2, Al
2o
3, CaO slag system, CaF in slag system
2mass percentage content be 80%, Al
2o
3mass percentage content be the mass percentage content of 15%, CaO be 5%, electric current 2100A ~ 2300A, steel ingot binds feeding electric current 0A ~ 1500A, and bind time 3min ~ 5min, and the cooling 5min that has a power failure takes off ingot, is cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere, obtains alloy pig.
C. hot forging, heating furnace alloy pig being put into initial temperature≤600 DEG C heats, and is warming up to about 1230 DEG C, forges, be forged into the square alloy preform of 50mm × 50mm, be cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere after insulation 60min.
D. hot-roll annealing, after alloy preform figuring of surface, is heated to about 1100 DEG C and carries out hot rolling, is rolled into the dish unit silk material that diameter is 8mm, is cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere.
E. pickling, reconditioning, carry out pickling by first for dish silk material sulfuric acid, then repair polishing.
F. cold drawn, adopt existing cold-drawing process, according to silk material diameter: 8mm-7mm-6mm-5mm-4.2mm-3.5mm-2.8mm-2.4mm, carry out wire drawing successively and respectively when silk material diameter is 7mm and silk material diameter is 2.8mm sulfuric acid carry out pickling.
G. hydrogen moves back, and the dish unit silk material after cold drawn process is warming up to 1050 DEG C and carries out hydrogen and move back process, and hydrogen moves back aligning after process.
Embodiment 2
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component of alloy and mass percent are C:0.45%, Mn:1.18%, Si:0.15%, P:0.02%, S:0.02%, Cr:29.51%, Ni:50.32%, Co:0.08%, Mo:0.09%, Ti:0.08%, Al:0.07%, W:4.15%, all the other are iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component of alloy and mass percent are C:0.42%, Mn:1.12%, Si:0.50%, P:0.02%, S:0.02%, Cr:29.22%, Ni:50.06%, Co:0.08%, Mo:0.09%, Ti:0.08%, Al:0.07%, W:4.53%, all the other are iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component of alloy and mass percent are C:0.41%, Mn:1.03%, Si:0.45%, P:0.02%, S:0.02%, Cr:29.50%, Ni:50%, Co:0.03%, Mo:0.06%, Ti:0.07%, Al:0.02%, W:4.89%, all the other are iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component of alloy and mass percent are C:0.42%, Mn:1.10%, Si:0.33%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Cr:29.19%, Ni:50.68%, Co:0.03%, Mo:0.05%, Ti:0.02%, Al:0.04%, W:4.26%, all the other are iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1(manufactures experimently)
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of this comparative example, the component of alloy and mass percent are C:0.51%, Mn:1.40%, Si:1.78%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Cr:29.23%, Ni:48.68%, Co:0.02%, Mo:0.03%, Ti:0.02%, Al:0.05%, W:4.54%, all the other are iron.The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of this comparative example meets the trade mark: the component requirements of Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloy.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of this comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: when silk material diameter is drawn to 3.5mm, pass through smoothly, but when silk material diameter is drawn to 2.8mm, frequently occurs the phenomenon broken, and cannot proceed drawing.
1, welding wire surface quality.
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal any surface finish of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 5, does not have cut, crackle, pit, pit.
2, welding technological properties.
With the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 5 to the 8mm corrosion resistant plate of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, carry out butt weld welding, striking is easy, and electric arc is steady, weld seam flawless.
The method of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 5 makes the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal that diameter is 2.4mm, and its lumber recovery is all more than 96%, and welding performance reaches the requirement that the trade mark is the nickel-base alloy solder of Cr28Ni48W5 completely.
Nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention and preparation method thereof is not limited to the various embodiments described above.Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And these belong to spirit institute's apparent change of extending out of the present invention or change and are still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for welding wire, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. alloy melting: be C:0.4% ~ 0.45% according to the component of alloy and mass percent, Mn:1.0% ~ 1.5%, Si:0.15% ~ 1.2%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.02%, Cr:28% ~ 30%, Ni:49% ~ 51%, Co≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, Al≤0.1%, W:4.0% ~ 5.0%, all the other are iron, prepare burden, raw material is dropped into after carrying out melting in vaccum sensitive stove, pour into electrode bar;
B. electroslag remelting: adopt electroslag remelting equipment, carried out on the surface of electrode bar inserting in slag as consutrode after grinding process, slag adopts CaF
2, Al
2o
3, CaO slag system, CaF in slag system
2mass percentage content be 75% ~ 85%, Al
2o
3mass percentage content be the mass percentage content of 12% ~ 18%, CaO be 4% ~ 6%, electric current 2100A ~ 2300A, steel ingot binds feeding electric current 0A ~ 1500A, and bind time 3min ~ 5min, and the cooling 5min ~ 10min that has a power failure takes off ingot, be cooled to normal temperature, obtain alloy pig;
C. hot forging: heating furnace alloy pig being put into initial temperature≤600 DEG C heats, and is warming up to 1210 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, forges after insulation 50min ~ 80min, is forged into alloy preform, is cooled to normal temperature;
D. hot-roll annealing: after alloy preform figuring of surface, is heated to 1080 DEG C ~ 1120 DEG C and carries out hot rolling, is rolled into the first silk material of dish, is cooled to normal temperature;
E. pickling, reconditioning: first for dish silk material sulfuric acid is carried out pickling, then repairs polishing;
F. cold drawn: to adopt existing cold-drawing process, the progressively drawing-down of first silk material will be coiled, until silk material diameter≤3mm;
G. hydrogen moves back: the dish unit silk material after cold drawn process is warming up to 1035 DEG C ~ 1065 DEG C and carries out hydrogen and move back process.
2. the preparation method of welding wire according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Wherein, CaF in described slag system
2mass percentage content be 80%, Al
2o
3mass percentage content be the mass percentage content of 15%, CaO be 5%.
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| 一种铁镍基合金预裂纹试样的高温持久开裂界限;孔庆平;《金属学报》;19770318(第03期);231-234 * |
| 电渣冶炼复杂的变形镍基高温合金现存问题的探讨;姜兴渭等;《东北大学学报(自然科学版)》;19631215(第06期);95-108 * |
| 镍基合金线材对焊工艺;杨晓华等;《焊接技术》;20080628(第03期);27-30 * |
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