CN111366184A - Shield tunneling machine multi-sensor performance online monitoring method - Google Patents
Shield tunneling machine multi-sensor performance online monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111366184A CN111366184A CN202010303058.9A CN202010303058A CN111366184A CN 111366184 A CN111366184 A CN 111366184A CN 202010303058 A CN202010303058 A CN 202010303058A CN 111366184 A CN111366184 A CN 111366184A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine detection, and provides an on-line monitoring method for the performance of multiple sensors of a shield machine. The shield machine multi-sensor performance on-line monitoring method is characterized by comprising the steps of fusing an expert system, an adaptive filtering method and a principal component analysis method to achieve shield machine multi-sensor performance on-line monitoring, enabling the expert system to conduct reasoning, judging and deciding on fault information input to a sensor, enabling the adaptive filtering method to adopt a normalized adaptive filter to convert a multi-sensor physical index measurement problem into an adjacent sensor signal delay point acquisition problem and extract delay information of adjacent sensors, and enabling a performance judgment system to adopt the principal component analysis method to conduct dimensionality reduction on an acquired original characteristic matrix of each sensor. The invention ensures the stability of the output of the sensor and solves the technical defect of monitoring the performance of the sensor of the shield tunneling machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine detection, and particularly relates to an online monitoring method for multi-sensor performance of a shield machine.
Background
The shield machine is a special device which can construct a tunnel supporting structure in the tunneling process of a tunnel, because the operation condition is hard and the working time is long, the electrical system part of the shield machine is easy to damage, in order to ensure the safe production, a large number of motors need to be maintained and monitored, a sensor is used as an important monitoring part, the performance monitoring precision of the sensor influences the operation performance of the whole shield machine, and the monitoring of the sensor of the shield machine is in an off-line state at present, so that a high-precision, simple and convenient multi-sensor on-line monitoring method needs to be invented. In addition, the stability of the output signal of the sensor in the full working condition range directly relates to the use reliability of the shield machine, but the working environment of the shield machine is poor, the noise is high, the signal output which can cause the sensor to sense is unstable, the engineering quality is reduced, and more resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring method for the performance of multiple sensors of a shield machine, which can ensure the output stability of the sensors and solve the technical defect of monitoring the performance of the sensors of the shield machine.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a shield constructs the online monitoring method of the machine multisensor performance, the online monitoring method of the machine multisensor performance of the shield constructs the online monitoring of machine multisensor performance of the machine by expert system, adaptive filtering and principal component analysis method and combines together; the expert system carries out reasoning, judgment and decision on the fault information input into the sensor, therefore, the information of the sensor and the related judgment result thereof are displayed on the monitoring main interface; the operation performance of the expert system comprises a pressure information performance index sample, a current information performance index sample and a performance decision system; the adaptive filtering adopts a normalized adaptive filter, converts the problem of measuring the physical indexes of the multiple sensors into the problem of acquiring the number of delay points of signals of adjacent sensors, extracting time delay information of adjacent sensors; the performance judgment system adopts a principal component analysis method to perform dimensionality reduction processing on the acquired original feature matrix of each sensor;
the self-adaptive filtering and denoising operation steps are as follows:
is provided withAndthe method comprises the following steps of respectively inputting and outputting adjacent sensors:
(1) determining m-order filter weight coefficient matrix, and making the initial values of all weights beFor any fixed value or 0, the sampling time of each weight is carried outThe following steps are performed.
Ensuring the weight coefficient vector quantity when the self-adaptive filter is converged according to the steps (2) to (4)Obtaining a wiener solution, thereby removing noise and ensuring the measurement accuracy;
the method for extracting fault information by the principal component analysis method comprises the following steps:
(a) establishing a characteristic matrix of the sensor: the expert system comprisesEach sample of sensors contains sensor fault characteristic value of which the quantity isThen the original feature matrix is composed of the sensor information samples in the system;
(d) ComputingCharacteristic value ofAnd feature vectorIn the covariance matrix, take the firstThe characteristic value and corresponding characteristic vector according toCalculating a principal component score matrixScoring a matrix from the principal componentsThe cumulative contribution rate of (a) gives the number of principal components:
when in useThe first G cumulative contribution rates reach toThen the original matrixThe number of the main components is G;
and (d) realizing the dimension reduction processing of the fault feature matrix of the sensor according to the steps (a) to (f), reducing the complexity of the feature matrix, retaining the main information in the original feature space in the sample, enhancing the identification degree and facilitating the extraction of fault information.
The on-line monitoring method for the performance of the multiple sensors of the shield machine, provided by the invention, realizes the on-line monitoring of the performance of the multiple sensors of the shield machine by combining an expert system, a self-adaptive filtering method and a principal component analysis method, ensures the stability of the output of the sensors and solves the technical defect of the performance monitoring of the sensors of the shield machine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of performance monitoring implementation of multiple sensors of a shield tunneling machine.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a shield tunneling machine sensor monitoring expert system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
An on-line monitoring method for the performance of multiple sensors of shield machine is characterized by that the on-line monitoring method for the performance of multiple sensors of shield machine is implemented by combining expert system, adaptive filter and principal component analysis method, the expert system can make reasoning, judgement and decision-making on the fault information of input sensor so as to display the information of sensor and its related judgement result on the monitoring main interface, and the operation performance of said expert system includes pressure information, current information performance index sample and performance decision-making system, and the adaptive filter adopts normalized adaptive filter to convert the physical index measurement problem of multiple sensors into the acquisition problem of delay point number of adjacent sensor signal, and can extract the delay information of adjacent sensor, can remove noise well and can prevent the monitoring system from being influenced by model error and external noise, the validity of the monitoring result is ensured, and the monitoring precision is improved. And the performance judgment system adopts a principal component analysis method to perform dimensionality reduction processing on the acquired original characteristic matrix of each sensor, so that the complexity of the characteristic matrix is reduced, main information in an original characteristic space in a sample is reserved, the identification degree is enhanced, and fault information is convenient to extract.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of performance monitoring implementation of a shield machine speed sensor, and as shown in FIG. 1, the performance monitoring of the shield machine speed sensor of the present invention includes an expert system, an adaptive filtering method and a principal component analysis method;
the self-adaptive filtering and denoising operation steps are as follows:
(1) Determining m-order filter weight coefficient matrix, and making the initial values of all weights beFor any fixed value or 0, the following steps are executed at the rest sampling time of each weight;
Ensuring the weight coefficient vector quantity when the self-adaptive filter is converged according to the steps (2) to (4)And obtaining a wiener solution, thereby removing noise and ensuring the measurement accuracy.
The method for extracting fault information by the principal component analysis method comprises the following steps:
(a) establishing a characteristic moment of a sensorArraying: the expert system comprisesEach sample of sensors contains sensor fault characteristic value of which the quantity isThen the original feature matrix is composed of the sensor information samples in the system;
(d) ComputingCharacteristic value ofAnd feature vectorIn the covariance matrix, take the firstThe characteristic value and corresponding characteristic vector according toCalculating a principal component score matrixScoring a matrix from the principal componentsThe cumulative contribution rate of (a) gives the number of principal components:
when in useThe first G cumulative contribution rates reach toThen the original matrixThe number of the main components is G;
and (d) realizing the dimension reduction processing of the fault feature matrix of the sensor according to the steps (a) to (f), reducing the complexity of the feature matrix, retaining the main information in the original feature space in the sample, enhancing the identification degree and facilitating the extraction of fault information.
As shown in FIG. 1, the expert system theory construction related to the invention is composed of five parts, namely a knowledge base, an inference engine, a comprehensive database, a human-computer interface and knowledge acquisition. The knowledge base is used for storing experience knowledge of experts in the field of the shield tunneling machine and providing knowledge required for solving problems for the inference machine. In knowledge acquisition, machine learning is utilized to establish a computer software system with the realities of the sensor field and the empirical knowledge specific to an expert, and the whole expert system is coordinated and controlled. And establishing an initial evidence, an intermediate result and a sensor performance monitoring result of sensor reasoning in the comprehensive database, thereby improving the control performance.
As shown in fig. 2, the expert system design structure of the present invention includes a monitoring system submodule, a three-dimensional simulation module, a fault processing submodule, etc. of various sensors, and sends the sensor data obtained by signal acquisition to a computer for monitoring, analysis, fault processing, etc., and can monitor the performance of the sensors on line and provide a visual three-dimensional monitoring interface. Sending out an alarm signal when the performance index of the monitoring sensor exceeds a threshold value; the expert system can be correspondingly set according to the requirements of users, wherein each sensor monitoring module is used for selecting the input parameters of each sensor to generate corresponding early warning information, judging whether the input parameters deviate from a performance target, and generating a 3D simulation model according to design requirements, so that the sensors can be conveniently stored and data can be conveniently replaced. Each sensor data module is used for establishing various sensor monitoring data tables of the shield machine, the monitoring server and the basic database are in butt joint through the Ethernet, and fault points are found in the three-dimensional simulation module through data fusion, so that the sensors can be conveniently monitored and analyzed.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. While the invention has been shown and described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (1)
1. The on-line monitoring method for the performance of the multiple sensors of the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the on-line monitoring method for the performance of the multiple sensors of the shield machine is implemented by fusing an expert system, a self-adaptive filtering method and a principal component analysis method; the expert system carries out reasoning, judgment and decision on the fault information input into the sensor, therefore, the information of the sensor and the related judgment result thereof are displayed on the monitoring main interface; the operation performance of the expert system comprises a pressure information performance index sample, a current information performance index sample and a performance decision system; the adaptive filtering adopts a normalized adaptive filter, converts the problem of measuring the physical indexes of the multiple sensors into the problem of acquiring the number of delay points of signals of adjacent sensors, extracting time delay information of adjacent sensors; the performance judgment system adopts a principal component analysis method to perform dimensionality reduction processing on the acquired original feature matrix of each sensor;
the self-adaptive filtering and denoising operation steps are as follows:
is provided withAndthe method comprises the following steps of respectively inputting and outputting adjacent sensors:
(1) determining m-order filter weight coefficient matrix, and making the initial values of all weights beFor any fixed value or 0, the remaining sampling instants for each weight perform the following steps.
Ensuring the weight coefficient vector quantity when the self-adaptive filter is converged according to the steps (2) to (4)Obtaining a wiener solution, thereby removing noise and ensuring the measurement accuracy;
the method for extracting fault information by the principal component analysis method comprises the following steps:
(a) establishing a characteristic matrix of the sensor: the expert system comprisesEach sample of sensors contains sensor fault characteristic value of which the quantity isThen the original feature matrix is composed of the sensor information samples in the system;
(d) ComputingCharacteristic value ofAnd feature vectorIn the covariance matrix, take the firstThe characteristic value and corresponding characteristic vector according toCalculating a principal component score matrixScoring a matrix from the principal componentsThe cumulative contribution rate of (a) gives the number of principal components:
when in useThe first G cumulative contribution rates reach toThen the original matrixThe number of the main components is G;
and (d) realizing the dimension reduction processing of the fault feature matrix of the sensor according to the steps (a) to (f), reducing the complexity of the feature matrix, retaining the main information in the original feature space in the sample, enhancing the identification degree and facilitating the extraction of fault information.
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CN113671471A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-19 | 中国科学院声学研究所北海研究站 | Underwater sound target detection blind source separation method |
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