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DE1149832B - High frequency surgical apparatus - Google Patents

High frequency surgical apparatus

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Publication number
DE1149832B
DE1149832B DES72719A DES0072719A DE1149832B DE 1149832 B DE1149832 B DE 1149832B DE S72719 A DES72719 A DE S72719A DE S0072719 A DES0072719 A DE S0072719A DE 1149832 B DE1149832 B DE 1149832B
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Prior art keywords
frequency
coils
inductance
generator
connection
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Granted
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DES72719A
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German (de)
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DE1149832C2 (en
Inventor
Dipl-Ing Walter Krause
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Siemens Reiniger Werke AG
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Siemens Reiniger Werke AG
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Priority to DE1961S0072719 priority Critical patent/DE1149832C2/en
Priority to CH164962A priority patent/CH418519A/en
Publication of DE1149832B publication Critical patent/DE1149832B/en
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Publication of DE1149832C2 publication Critical patent/DE1149832C2/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206Generators therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/0066Sensing and controlling the application of energy without feedback, i.e. open loop control

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Description

Hochfréquenz-Chirurgieapparat Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparat, der mit Anschlüssen für mindestens eine Operationselektrode und eine neutrale Elektrode versehen ist.High frequency surgical apparatus The invention relates to a High-frequency surgical apparatus with connections for at least one surgical electrode and a neutral electrode is provided.

Bei Operationen mit solchen Apparaten treten mitunter Verbrennungen an verschiedenen, nicht im Operationsfeld liegenden und auch von der neutralen Elektrode freien Körperstellen des Patienten auf, ohne daß es bislang möglich gewesen ist, die Ursache dieser Schädigungen zu klären. During operations with such devices, burns can occur on different electrodes that are not in the operating field and also on the neutral electrode free parts of the patient's body without it being possible to date to clarify the cause of this damage.

Der Erfindung liegen umfangreiche Überlegungen und Meßreihen zugrunde, die zur Erkenntnis der Ursache für die genannten Verbrennungen geführt haben. Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, an Hand dieser Erkenntnis einen Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparat anzugeben, der mit Mitteln versehen ist, die derartige Verbrennungen vermeiden. The invention is based on extensive considerations and series of measurements, which led to the knowledge of the cause of the burns mentioned. the The object of the invention is to use this knowledge to create a high-frequency surgical apparatus indicate that is provided with means to avoid such burns.

An Hand der Fig. 1 soll zunächst die Ursache für die Verbrennungen und danach in Verbindung mit den übrigen Figuren die Erfindung an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden. With reference to Fig. 1, the cause of the burns should first be and then, in conjunction with the other figures, the invention on the basis of exemplary embodiments explained.

Fig. 1 zeigt das Ersatzschaltbild eines üblichen Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparates in Verbindung mit dem Operationstisch und dem Patienten. Fig. 1 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of a conventional high-frequency surgical apparatus in connection with the operating table and the patient.

Von den übrigen Figuren veranschaulicht Fig. 2 das Ersatzschaltbild eines Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparates mit Mitteln zur Verhütung der vorgenannten Verbrennungen, Fig. 3 die Ansicht eines Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparates in schematisierter Darstellung, der mit den Mitteln nach Fig. 2 zur Verbrennungsverhütung ausgerüstet ist, Fig. 4 das Ersatzschaltbild eines Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparates mit einer anderen Anordnung der Mittel zur Verbrennungsverhütung. Of the remaining figures, FIG. 2 illustrates the equivalent circuit diagram a high-frequency surgical apparatus with means for preventing the aforementioned Burns, FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a high-frequency surgical apparatus Representation equipped with the means according to FIG. 2 for preventing combustion is, Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit diagram of a high-frequency surgical apparatus with a another arrangement of the means for preventing burns.

Die in den Figuren miteinander übereinstimmenden Teile sind dabei mit dem gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. The parts that correspond to one another in the figures are included provided with the same reference number.

Gemäß Fig. 1 bestehen zwischen dem Chirurgieapparat 1 mit dem Hochfrequenzgenerator 2 und dem schematisch angedeuteten Patienten 3 drei verschiedene elektrische Verbindungswege. Der erste Verbindungsweg setzt sich aus der an den aktiven Pol 4 des Generators angeschlossenen Zuleitung 5 mit der Zuleitungsinduktivität 6 und der aktiven Chirurgieelektrode 7 zusammen. Der zweite Verbindungsweg wird aus der an den inaktiven Pol 8 des Hochfrequenzgenerators bzw. die Masse des Gerätes angeschlossenen Verbindungsleitung9 mit der Zuleitungsinduktivität 10 sowie der neutralen Elektrode 11 gebildet. According to Fig. 1 exist between the surgical apparatus 1 with the high-frequency generator 2 and the schematically indicated patient 3 three different electrical connection paths. The first connection path consists of the one to the active pole 4 of the generator connected lead 5 with lead inductance 6 and the active surgical electrode 7 together. The second connection path is made up of that to the inactive pole 8 of the high-frequency generator or the ground of the device connected connecting line9 with the feed line inductance 10 and the neutral electrode 11 are formed.

Der dritte Verbindungsweg schließlich besteht aus der Kapazität 12, die sich aus allen Einzelkapazitäten zwischen dem Patienten, dem Operationstisch und dem übrigen Operationsraum zusammensetzt, der Erde 13 und der Induktivität 14. Letztere ist in der Praxis durch die Selbstinduktionen der einzelnen Leitungen im Netzanschlußkabel gegeben. Diese Selbstinduktionen sind netzseitig über die Installationskapazitäten mit der Erde und an ihren geräteseitigen Enden über die inneren Kapazitäten der Netzanschlußbauteile, beispielsweise über die Wicklungskapazitäten des Netztransformators, hochfrequenzmäßig einander parallel geschaltet, so daß sie als gemeinsame Induktivität 14 wirksam sind. Die in Fig. 1 noch eingezeichnete Kapazität 15 bezeichnet die Kapazität des Apparategehäuses 1 gegen Erde und kann zunächst außer Betracht bleiben.Finally, the third connection path consists of the capacity 12, which results from all individual capacities between the patient and the operating table and the rest of the operating room, the earth 13 and the inductance 14. In practice, the latter is due to the self-induction of the individual lines Power cord given. These self-inductions are on the network side beyond the installation capacities with the earth and at its device-side ends via the internal capacities of the Mains connection components, for example via the winding capacities of the mains transformer, In terms of high frequency, they are connected in parallel with each other, so that they act as a common inductance 14 are effective. The capacitance 15 still drawn in in FIG. 1 denotes the capacitance of the apparatus housing 1 against earth and can initially be disregarded.

Die Ursache für die unerwünschten Verbrennungen liegt im letztgenannten Verbindungsweg, und zwar besteht folgender Zusammenhang: Die Teile 9, 10 und 11 des zweiten Verbindungsweges sowie der Patient 3 bilden zusammen mit den Teilen 12, 13 und 14 des dritten Verbindungsweges einen geschlossenen Schwingkreis, der nach Maßgabe der elektrischen Werte der einzelnen genannten Teile eine bestimmte Eigenfrequenz besitzt. Bei bestimmten räumlichen Anordnungen der einzelnen Teile dieses Kreises zueinander und gegenüber der Netzerde tritt der Fall ein, daß die Eigenfrequenz dieses Schwingkreises im Bereich der Arbeitsfrequenz des Generators liegt. In einem solchen Fall wird während des Operationsvorganges durch die dem genannten Schwingkreis und dem eigentlichen Arbeitskreis 5, 6, 7 gemeisame Induktivität 10 der Zuleitung 9 zur neutralen Elektrode 11 in den Schwingkreis 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 und 14 mit dem Patienten 3 Hochfrequenzenergie eingekoppelt. The cause of the undesired burns lies in the latter Connection path, namely the following relationship: Parts 9, 10 and 11 of the second connection path as well as the patient 3 form together with the parts 12, 13 and 14 of the third connection path form a closed resonant circuit, the depending on the electrical values of the individual named parts a certain Owns natural frequency. With certain spatial arrangements of the individual parts of this circle to each other and to the network earth, the case occurs that the Natural frequency of this resonant circuit in the range of the operating frequency of the generator lies. In such a case, the dem mentioned resonant circuit and the actual working circuit 5, 6, 7 common inductance 10 of the supply line 9 to the neutral electrode 11 in the oscillating circuit 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 coupled with the patient 3 high frequency energy.

Dabei entstehen in diesem Schwingkreis Spannungen und Blindströme, die beträchtliche Werte annehmen können und mitunter wesentlich höher sind als die Spannungen und Ströme, die vom Generator 2 geliefert werden. Damit ist aber die Gefahr von unbeabsichtigten Verbrennungen an praktisch beliebigen Körperstellen des Patienten, zumeist aber an vorstehenden Körperteilen wie etwa Hüftknochen und Steißbein gegeben.This creates voltages and reactive currents in this resonant circuit, which take on considerable values can and sometimes essential are higher than the voltages and currents supplied by generator 2. But that means there is a risk of unintentional burns on practically any Body parts of the patient, but mostly on protruding body parts such as Hipbones and tailbone given.

Zur Vermeidung dieser Verbrennungen ist erfindungsgemäß, vorzugsweise an der Einführungsstelle des Netzanschlußkabels in den Apparat, in jeden Stromversorgungsleiter zum Generator und in den etwaigen Schutzleiter 18 je eine so bemessene Induktionsspule 26, 27, 28 eingeschaltet, daß die Gesamtinduktivität der Parallelschaltung aller Spulen die maximal zwischen dem Schutzgehäuse und Erde vorhandene Kapazität 15 in der Größenordnung von etwa 50 bis 500 pF zu einem als Sperrkreis dienenden Schwingungskreis ergänzt, der zumindest angenähert auf die Arbeitsfrequenz des Apparates abgestimmt ist. Der gleiche Erfolg wird auch durch eine Abwandlung dieses Gerätes erzielt, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß statt dessen mindestens eine der beiden Ausgangsklemmen des Hochfrequenzgenerators, vorzugsweise die Ausgangsklemme 8 für die inaktive Elektrode 11, mit dem Metallgehäuse des Apparates bzw. einem Erdungsanschluß des Apparates verbunden ist über eine Induktionsspule 54 bzw. According to the invention, it is preferred to avoid these burns at the point of entry of the power cord into the apparatus, into each power supply conductor to the generator and in the possible protective conductor 18 each have such a dimensioned induction coil 26, 27, 28 turned on that the total inductance of the parallel connection of all Coils have the maximum capacitance between the protective housing and earth 15 in of the order of magnitude of about 50 to 500 pF to a resonant circuit serving as a trap circuit supplemented, which is at least approximately matched to the operating frequency of the apparatus is. The same success is achieved by a modification of this device, which is characterized in that instead at least one of the two output terminals of the high-frequency generator, preferably the output terminal 8 for the inactive electrode 11, with the metal housing of the apparatus or an earth connection of the apparatus is connected via an induction coil 54 or

57 solcher Induktivität, daß diese die zwischen dieser Ausgangsbuchse8 bzw. 4 und dem Gerätegehäuse vorhandene Kapazität 55 bzw. 56 in der Größenordnung von etwa 5 bis 50 pF zu einem Schwingungskreis ergänzt, der zumindest angenähert auf die Arbeitsfrequenz des Apparates abgestimmt ist, während die Stromversorgungsleitungen zum Generator unbeschaltet sind (Fig. 4). Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Gerätes werden die erwähnten Verbrennungen dadurch vermieden, daß infolge der gebildeten Schwingungskreise der Verbindungsweg über die Teile 12, 13, 14 und den Patienten 3 für die Arbeitsfrequenz des Gerätes hochohmig gemacht wird.57 such inductance that this is the between this output socket8 or 4 and the device housing existing capacity 55 or 56 in the order of magnitude of about 5 to 50 pF added to an oscillation circuit that at least approximates is tuned to the working frequency of the apparatus, while the power supply lines are not connected to the generator (Fig. 4). Due to the training according to the invention of the device, the mentioned burns are avoided in that as a result of Formed oscillation circles of the connection path over the parts 12, 13, 14 and the Patient 3 is made high-resistance for the operating frequency of the device.

In dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 sind die Leitungen des Netzanschlußkabels einzeln eingezeichnet und mit 16, 17 und 18 bezeichnet. Die gemeinsame Kabelumhüllung ist mit 19 bezeichnet. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the lines of the power cord are individually drawn in and labeled 16, 17 and 18. The common cable sheath is denoted by 19.

Hierbei stellen die Leitungen 16 und 17 die stromführenden Leitungen und die Leitungl8 die sogenannte Schutzleitung für die Schutzerdung des Gerätegehäuses dar. Die Leitungen 16 und 17 sind mit den Steckern 20 und 21, die Schutzleitung mit dem Erdstecker 23 versehen, welcher mit dem Schutzkontakt 25 in Steckverbindung steht, während die Stecker 20 und 21 an den aus Vereinfachungsgründen nicht mit gezeichneten Anschlußbuchsen des Stromversorgungsnetzes oder auch einer Batterieanlage (z. B. bei Fahrzeuganlagen) in Steckverbindung stehen. Die in Fig. 1 mit 14 bezeichnete gemeinsame Induktivität ist in Fig. 2 in die Teilinduktivitäten 14 a, 14 b und 14c aufgeteilt. In Serie zu diesen sind bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Gerät zusätzlich die Induktionsspulen 26, 27 und 28 eingeschaltet, deren Induktivität wesentlich größer ist als der Wert der Induktivitäten 14 a bis 14 c. Durch den Hochfrequenzwiderstand dieser Induktivitäten läßt sich der Widerstand des Verbindungsweges 12 bis 14 so weit erhöhen, daß unbeabsichtigte Hochfrequenzverbrennungen unwahrscheinlich sind. Ein größerer Effekt wird jedoch erzielt, wenn die Induktionsspulen 26 bis 28 im Sinne der Erfindung in ihrem Selbstinduktionswert so bemessen sind, daß ihre Parallelschaltung mit der Kapazität 15 des Gerätegehäuses 1 gegen Erde etwa einen Parallelschwingkreis bildet, der auf die Arbeitsfrequenz des Apparates abgestimmt ist. Hierdurch wird ein Sperrkreis gebildet, der den Gesamtwiderstand des Verbindungsweges 12 bis 14 gegenüber dem Wert bei Weglassung der Spulen 26 bis 28 wesentlich (mehrere Zehnerpotenzen) erhöht. Es ist offensichtlich, daß unter derartigen Bedingungen kein für eine Verbrennung hinreichender Stromfluß über die Kapazität 12 bzw. keine zu Überschlägen Anlaß gebende Spannung über die Kapazität 12 entstehen kann. Um unerwünschte Eigenresonanzen der Spulen 26, 27 und 28 zu verhindern, sind ihre Anfänge oder ihre Enden oder auch beides durch die Kapazitäten 29, 30 und/oder 31, 32 hochfrequenzmäßig miteinander verbunden.The lines 16 and 17 represent the current-carrying lines and the line l8 the so-called protective line for the protective grounding of the device housing The lines 16 and 17 are connected to the plugs 20 and 21, the protective line provided with the earth plug 23, which with the protective contact 25 in plug connection stands, while the plugs 20 and 21 are not connected to the for reasons of simplicity Drawn connection sockets of the power supply network or a battery system (e.g. in vehicle systems) are plugged in. The designated in Fig. 1 with 14 common inductance is in Fig. 2 in the partial inductances 14 a, 14 b and 14 c divided up. In series with these are in the device according to the invention in addition Induction coils 26, 27 and 28 switched on, the inductance of which is much greater is than the value of the inductances 14 a to 14 c. Due to the high frequency resistance These inductances can be the resistance of the connection path 12 to 14 so far increase that inadvertent high frequency burns are unlikely. However, a greater effect is achieved when the induction coils 26 to 28 in the sense of the invention are so dimensioned in their self-induction value that their parallel connection with the capacity 15 of the device housing 1 to earth about a parallel resonant circuit forms, which is matched to the operating frequency of the apparatus. This will a blocking circuit is formed, the total resistance of the connection path 12 to 14 compared to the value when coils 26 to 28 are omitted (several powers of ten) elevated. It is evident that under such conditions there is none for combustion Sufficient current flow through the capacitance 12 or no cause for flashovers Voltage across the capacitance 12 can arise. To avoid unwanted natural resonance of the To prevent coils 26, 27 and 28 are their beginnings or their ends or else both through the capacitances 29, 30 and / or 31, 32 in terms of high frequencies tied together.

Besonders zweckmäßige Verhältnisse werden geschaffen, wenn man die Spulen 26 bis 28 so groß wählt, daß ihre Parallelschaltung zusammen mit dem größten in der Praxis vorkommenden Wert der Kapazität 15 eine Eigenfrequenz ergibt, die etwas unterhalb der Arbeitsfrequenz des Generators liegt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß auf jeden Fall der Widerstand der Parallelschaltung: Netzzuleitung und Kapazität 15 kapazitiv bleibt, so daß unter keiner der in der Praxis vorkommenden Bedingungen ein frequenzmäßig in die Nähe der Arbeitsfrequenz kommender Schwingungskreis über die Erde 13 entstehen kann. Particularly expedient conditions are created when you have the Coils 26 to 28 choose so large that their parallel connection together with the largest The value of the capacitance 15 occurring in practice results in a natural frequency which is slightly below the operating frequency of the generator. This achieves that in any case the resistance of the parallel connection: mains lead and capacitance 15 remains capacitive, so that under none of the conditions occurring in practice an oscillation circuit that comes close to the working frequency in terms of frequency the earth 13 can arise.

Die Spulen 26 bis 28 sind an sich in bekannter Weise aufgebaut. Wegen des Stromflusses in den Leitungen 16 und 17 sind die Spulen 26 und 27 als Luftspulen ausgeführt, die in der Schutzleitung 18 liegende Spule ist dagegen mit einem Hochfrequenzeisenkern versehen. Es ist daher zweckmäßig, den Spulen 26 bis 28 jeweils nicht die gleiche Induktivität zu geben, sondern die Spule 28 so zu bemessen, daß ihre Selbstinduktivität wesentlich größer ist als diejenige der Spulen 26 bzw. 27. Auf diese Weise lassen sich die stromführenden Spulen 26 und 27 wesentlich kleiner und daher mit geringerem ohmschem Widerstand aufbauen als bei gleicher Bemessung aller Spulen. In einem praktisch ausgeführten Beispiel wurde eine maximale Kapazität 15 des Gerätes 1 gegen Erde von 250 pF gemessen und dementsprechend die Spulen 26 und 27 zu je 80 FH und die Spule 28 zu 9001lH gewählt. Bei gleicher Dimension aller drei Spulen müßte jede Spule zu 1201lH gewählt werden. The coils 26 to 28 are constructed in a known manner. Because of the current flow in the lines 16 and 17, the coils 26 and 27 are air-core coils executed, the coil lying in the protective line 18, however, is with a high-frequency iron core Mistake. It is therefore expedient for the coils 26 to 28 not to be the same in each case To give inductance, but to size the coil 28 so that its self-inductance is much larger than that of the coils 26 or 27. Leave in this way the current-carrying coils 26 and 27 are much smaller and therefore with less build up ohmic resistance than with the same dimensioning of all coils. In a practical The example carried out was a maximum capacity 15 of the device 1 to earth of 250 pF measured and accordingly the coils 26 and 27 each with 80 FH and the Coil 28 chosen to be 9001lH. If all three coils have the same dimensions, each would have to Coil of 1201lH can be chosen.

Für eine sichere Funktionsweise sind die Spulen 26 bis 28 in unmittelbarer Nähe der Einführungsstelle des Netzkabels im Apparat anzubringen. Die Anbringung kann hierbei im Inneren des Gerätes oder auch außerhalb, beispielsweise auch nachträglich, z. B. in einem kleinen Anbaukasten, erfolgen. Ferner soll das Netzanschlußkabel so in das Gerätegehäuse eingeführt sein, daß keine nennenswerten Kapazitäten zwischen seinen Leitungen und dem Gerätegehäuse bestehen. The coils 26 to 28 are in the immediate vicinity for reliable operation Place near the point where the power cord enters the apparatus. The attachment can be done inside the device or outside it, for example afterwards, z. B. in a small add-on box. Furthermore, the power cord should so inserted into the device housing that no significant capacities between its cables and the device housing.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 3 wurde die Anordnung der Spulen 26 bis 28 innerhalb des Gerätegehäuses 33 mit den Laufrollen 34, 35, 36, dem Handgriff 37, dem Leistungsregler 38, dem Stromartwahlschalter 39, dem Anzeigeinstrument 40 und der Signallampe 41 gewählt. Die Netzzuleitung 19 ist durch ein in einer Aussparung der Geräterückwand 42 eingesetztes Isolierstotfbrettchen 43 kapazitätsarm in das Innere des Gerätes geführt. Die Spulen 26 bis 28, an welche die Leitungen 16, 17 und 18 des Netzkabels in nicht gezeichneter Weise angeschlossen sind, sind nahe bei der Einführungsstelle dieses Kabels mittels Isolierstofbrettchen 44 und 45 sowie Winkelmetallstücken 46 und 47 an einer senkrechten Trennwand 48 befestigt. Die anderen Enden der Spulen 26 bis 28 sind an Lötösen 49, 50 und 51 geführt, die in dem Isolierstoffbrettchen 45 sitzen und an die das zu den Netzanschlußbauteilen des Gerätes führende Kabel 53 angeschlossen ist. Es ist selbstverständlich nicht erforderlich, daß die Spulen 26 bis 28, wie gezeichnet, als unterteilte Zylinderspulen aufgebaut sind; sie können vielmehr in jeder bekannten Art ausgeführt sein, beispielsweise als Scheiben- oder als Kreuzwickelspulen. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the arrangement of the coils 26 to 28 within the device housing 33 with the rollers 34, 35, 36, the handle 37, the power regulator 38, the type of current selector switch 39, the display instrument 40 and the signal lamp 41 is selected. The power supply line 19 is through a recess the rear wall 42 of the device inserted is a small insulating board 43 of low capacity in the inside of the device. The coils 26 to 28, to which the lines 16, 17 and 18 of the power cord are connected in a manner not shown are close at the insertion point of this cable by means of insulating boards 44 and 45 as well Angle metal pieces 46 and 47 attached to a vertical partition wall 48. The others Ends of the coils 26 to 28 are guided to solder lugs 49, 50 and 51, which are in the insulating board 45 sit and to the cable leading to the power supply components of the device 53 is connected. It is of course not necessary that the coils 26 to 28, as drawn, are constructed as divided solenoid coils; you can rather be designed in any known way, for example as a disc or as cross-wound bobbins.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine abgewandelte Ausführung der Erfindung, bei der die Netzanschlußleitungen ohne zusätzliche Beschaltung in das Geräteinnere und an die Netzanschlußbauteile geführt sind; die Selbstinduktivitäten der Netzleitungen sind daher, analog zu Fig. 1, wieder als resultierende Induktivität 14 dargestellt. Im Unterschied zum Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 2 ist hier der Hochfrequenzgenerator 2 mit seinem für die neutrale Elektrode bestimmten Anschluß nicht unmittelbar an das Gerätegehäuse angeschlossen. Vielmehr erfolgt dies unter Zwischenschaltung einer Selbstinduktionsspule 54. Diese soll mit der Kapazität 55 des der Buchse 8 zugeordneten Ausgangs des Hochfrequenzgenerators gegen das Gerätegehäuse einen Schwingkreis bilden und ist im übrigen nach denselben Gesichtspunkten zu bemessen wie die resultierende Induktivität der Spulen 26 bis 28 bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2. Bei der Ausführung nach Fig.4 ist ferner die Leitung9, wie gezeichnet, isoliert in das Geräteinnere zu führen. Fig. 4 shows a modified embodiment of the invention, in the mains connection lines into the interior of the device and without additional wiring are led to the network connection components; the self-inductance of the power lines are therefore shown again as the resulting inductance 14, analogously to FIG. 1. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, the high-frequency generator is here 2 with its connection intended for the neutral electrode is not directly connected to it connected to the device housing. Rather, this is done with the interposition of a Self-induction coil 54. This should with the capacitance 55 of the socket 8 assigned Form the output of the high-frequency generator against the device housing an oscillating circuit and is otherwise to be measured according to the same criteria as the resulting one Inductance of the coils 26 to 28 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. In the embodiment According to FIG. 4, the line 9, as drawn, is also isolated into the interior of the device respectively.

In der Ausführung nach Fig. 4 kann es mitunter zweckmäßig sein, auch die Kapazität 56 des der Anschlußbuchse 4 zugeordneten Ausganges zu kompensieren. Dies erfolgt auf analoge Weise wie bei dem der Buchse 8 zugeordneten Ausgang mit der Induktionsspule 57. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, it can sometimes also be expedient to compensate for the capacitance 56 of the output associated with the connection socket 4. This is done in the same way as with the output assigned to socket 8 the induction coil 57.

Der Vorteil der Ausführung nach Fig. 4 liegt im geringeren Aufwand, da einerseits weniger Induktionsspulen erforderlich sind und andererseits die Spulen in ihren Abmessungen kleiner gewählt werden können, da keine Netzleistung durch sie fließt. Ferner kann diese Anordnung auch bei Chirurgiegeräten eingesetzt werden, bei denen die Stromversorgungseinrichtung im Gerät eingebaut ist (z. B. in Form einer Akkumulatorenbatterie) und bei denen der hochfrequente Verbindungsweg des Generators über die Kapazität 15 zur Erde besonders hochohmig gemacht werden soll. The advantage of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is the lower cost, because, on the one hand, fewer induction coils are required and, on the other hand, the coils can be chosen smaller in their dimensions, since no network power through it flows. Furthermore, this arrangement can also be used in surgical devices, where the power supply is built into the device (e.g. in the form an accumulator battery) and where the high-frequency connection path of the Generator over the Capacity 15 to earth is to be made particularly high-resistance.

Claims (5)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparat mit Anschlüssen für mindestens eine Operationselektrode und eine neutrale Elektrode und mit Stromversorgungsanschluß, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, vorzugsweise an der Einführungsstelle des Netzanschlußkabels in den Apparat, in jeden Stromversorgungsleiter zum Generator und in den etwaigen Schutzleiter (18) je eine so bemessene Induktionsspule (26, 27, 28) eingeschaltet ist, daß die Gesamtinduktivität der Parallelschaltung aller Spulen die maximal zwischen dem Schutzgehäuse und Erde vorhandene Kapazität (15) in der Größenordnung von etwa 50 bis 500pF zu einem als Sperrkreis dienenden Schwingungskreis ergänzt, der zumindest angenähert auf die Arbeitsfrequenz des Apparates abgestimmt ist. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. High-frequency surgical apparatus with connections for at least one surgical electrode and one neutral electrode and with a power supply connection, characterized in that, preferably at the point of introduction of the power cord in the apparatus, in each power supply conductor to the generator and in any Protective conductor (18) each have an induction coil (26, 27, 28) dimensioned in this way switched on is that the total inductance of the parallel connection of all coils is the maximum between the protective housing and earth existing capacitance (15) in the order of magnitude of approximately 50 to 500pF added to an oscillation circuit serving as a blocking circuit, which at least is approximately matched to the operating frequency of the apparatus. 2. Abwandlung eines Hochfrequenz-Chirurgieapparates nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß statt dessen mindestens eine der beiden Ausgangsklemmen des Hochfrequenzgenerators, vorzugsweise die Ausgangsklemme (8) für die inaktive Elektrode (11), mit dem Metallgehäuse des Apparates bzw. einem Erdungsanschluß des Apparates verbunden ist über eine Induktionsspule (54 bzw. 57) solcher Induktivität, daß diese die zwischen dieser Ausgangsbuchse (8 bzw. 4) und dem Gerätegehäuse vorhandene Kapazität (55 bzw. 56) in der Größenordnung von etwa 5 bis 50 pF zu einem Schwingungskreis ergänzt, der zumindest angenähert auf die Arbeitsfrequenz des Apparates abgestimmt ist, während die Stromversorgungsleitungen zum Generator unbeschaltet sind (Fig. 4). 2. Modification of a high-frequency surgical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that instead at least one of the two output terminals of the high frequency generator, preferably the output terminal (8) for the inactive Electrode (11), with the metal housing of the apparatus or a ground connection of the Apparatus is connected via an induction coil (54 or 57) of such an inductance, that this is the existing between this output socket (8 or 4) and the device housing Capacity (55 or 56) in the order of magnitude of about 5 to 50 pF for an oscillation circuit supplemented, which is at least approximately matched to the operating frequency of the apparatus while the power supply lines to the generator are not connected (Fig. 4). 3. Chirurgieapparat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in die Schutzleitung des Netzanschlußkabels eingeschaltete Induktionsspule (28) eine wesentlich größere Induktivität besitzt als die Induktionsspulen (26, 27) in den stromführenden Leitungen des Netzanschlußkabels. 3. Surgical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the induction coil (28) connected to the protective line of the mains connection cable has a much greater inductance than the induction coils (26, 27) in the live lines of the power cord. 4. Apparat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingungskreises etwas unterhalb der Arbeitsfrequenz des Apparates liegt. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the The resonance frequency of the oscillation circuit is slightly below the operating frequency of the Apparatus lies. 5. Apparat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest die einen Enden der Induktionsspulen über Kondensatoren hochfrequenzmäßig miteinander verbunden sind. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one ends of the induction coils with each other via capacitors in terms of high frequencies are connected.
DE1961S0072719 1961-02-25 1961-02-25 HIGH FREQUENCY SURGICAL EQUIPMENT Expired DE1149832C2 (en)

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CH164962A CH418519A (en) 1961-02-25 1962-02-10 High frequency surgical apparatus

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