JP2003185966A - Stereoscopic vision display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive stereoscopic vision display device which enables appreciation even in a light place by increasing the utilization efficiency of light. <P>SOLUTION: The stereoscopic vision display device comprises light source (S1, S2, S3), a film (4) to receive light from the light sources, and the array of a point light source obtained by converging the light from the light sources (S1, S2, S3) to irradiate the film (4) with the light and by condensing light emitted from the film (4). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic vision technique, and more particularly to a stereoscopic vision display device that can be viewed by a large number of people simultaneously without special glasses.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Due to the continuous development of semiconductor technology, the performance of computers and PCs has improved, the infrastructure of wireless and wired communication networks, and the speedup of backbone systems using optical fibers have led to the world becoming a broadband era. I'm about to enter. Against this background, a camera for inputting a stereoscopic effect that handles three-dimensional 3D video and images as well as a digital image by a conventional digital camera and a moving image of a TV broadcast, and a display device for experiencing the stereoscopic effect. Many have been proposed, and some have been put into practical use.

The biggest problem in stereoscopic viewing is the problem of a large amount of information required for stereoscopic viewing. If an attempt is made to accurately represent a three-dimensional object, the two-dimensional color information and the grayscale information will be multiplied by the number of layers in the depth direction, and therefore the amount of information input and output will be extremely large. Therefore, in the conventional method, there are many stereoscopic views in which the observation points of the observer are limited by using the lenticular, and limited stereoscopic views in which the observation images are limited to a plurality of observation points, for example, from four directions. . In other words, although it was theoretically clear how to realize it, it was not easy to realize it concretely.

Further, a stereoscopic view of a large number of people without glasses is provided with images of different viewpoints according to the change of the viewpoints of the observer, that is, a method called integral photography. What is this integral photography?
In many cases, it has a method of forming an image in space using an array of microlenses. In integral photography, images of all viewing angles are multiple-imaged at a fixed position, so the problem that the focus position does not match the visible position, and it becomes extremely complicated in terms of alignment of the microlens array, display device, etc. The problem to say occurs.

By improving this point, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-5645
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 0-58242, a stereoscopic image reproducing device using a white cloud light scattering light source, a pinhole array and a color transmission spatial distribution filter is proposed. In this, a light beam spatially and uniformly scattered from one point of a white cloud light scattering light source passes through a color transmission spatial distribution filter through a pinhole, and this light beam is observed by an observer. Since the bundle of light fluxes passing through the pinhole and the color transmission spatial distribution filter is innumerable, it is possible for an observer to see in various directions by configuring the color transmission spatial distribution filter by a certain predetermined method. Become.

Next, FIG. 18 shows a configuration according to another conventional technique. As shown in FIG. 18, this stereoscopic image display device includes a light source Box 100 and a 3D image film 104. The light source Box 100 includes a number of point light sources 10.
It is composed of two. The point light source 102 is the light source B.
It is arranged according to a rule on one side of ox100. Further, the 3D image film 104 is the point light source 1
The image 105 corresponding to the single light source corresponding to 02 is printed on the entire film by the number corresponding to the point light source 102 by a method such as printing on a transparent film.

Next, FIG. 19 illustrates the principle of the prior art. Point light source 102 and 3D image film 10
The images 105 corresponding to the single light source in No. 4 are arranged in a one-to-one relationship. The number of point light sources 102 is M here. The single light source corresponding image 105 is composed of the number of pixels corresponding to Z viewpoints.

Here, if the eye A is a viewpoint away from the light source Box 100 and the 3D image film 104, A
Will see different locations in the single light source corresponding image 105. If the point light sources are S1, S2, and S3,
A sees the light source through the color filters a1, a2, and a3, respectively. The image 105 corresponding to the single light source is an array of px q = Z filters of p vertical and q horizontal (see 106). From the viewpoint of A, a
In order to see only the light sources that have passed through the image filters of 1, a2, a3, etc., we would see M light sources made up of groups of A such as 107. That is, this constitutes one image. From the viewpoint of B, the light sources S1, S2, and S3 are viewed through the color filters b1, b2, and b3, respectively. Therefore, by arranging the arrangement pattern 106 of the images 105 corresponding to the single light source according to an appropriate calculation formula, different images can be seen from the viewpoints A and B. That is, there are p in the vertical direction and q in the horizontal direction.
= Z images with different viewpoints can be seen from the viewpoint of the observer, so you can enjoy a very realistic stereoscopic view.

[0009]

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-56450, which was taken up as a conventional method, proposes a stereoscopic image reproducing apparatus using a white cloud light scattering light source, a pinhole array and a color transmission spatial distribution filter. ing. The problem with this method is that the light utilization efficiency is extremely poor because only the light passing through the pinhole is used as the light flux emitted from the white cloud light scattering light source. In this case, only dark images can be obtained. Also, in order to make it brighter, it is necessary to make the pinhole larger, but if it is made larger, the luminous flux becomes larger, and the stereoscopic image looks blurred. According to the current technology, it is impossible to show a stereoscopic image similar to a normal television in a moving image of 30 frames per second in terms of the amount of data and the number of pixels of the display device. However, showing a large-screen still image in 3D is useful in various situations. For example, a station or subway passage,
From indoor advertisements at department stores and exhibitions at showrooms,
From general theme parks to museums and other exhibits. In the current advertising business, the advertising market such as TV, newspapers and magazines, posters, direct mail, Internet advertising, etc. occupy a large weight.

Further, it is clear that the effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited unless the stereoscopic effect is realistic. Therefore, a size of 50 inches or more is required. The condition is that the resolution is high to some extent. Considering that a 50 inch is viewed at a distance of 3 m, there must be a resolution of 400 or more horizontal lines in the normal NTSC system. Further, it is desirable that the display device does not become so large and that the thickness of the display device including the light source is 2 cm or less. In addition, the light source and the display medium can be easily separated, the displayed content can be easily replaced, and the displayed content can be easily created by a method such as printing. Further, it is desirable that the medium be inexpensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic display device which can improve the light utilization efficiency with an inexpensive device and can be viewed even in a bright place.

[0012]

A stereoscopic display device according to the present invention includes a point light source arranged two-dimensionally and a transparent color filter having three-dimensional image information corresponding to a plurality of viewpoints. In the display device, the point light source is a light emitting means, a light source converting means for converting the light from the light emitting means into an array of two-dimensional point light sources, and the light from the light emitting means is guided to the light source converting means. The transparent color filter is replaceable.

Further, the light source conversion means includes a fiber bundle and an array member for arraying one end of the fiber bundle in a two-dimensional array.

Further, the light source conversion means includes a two-dimensional microlens array and a plate-shaped two-dimensional pinhole array.

Further, the light guiding means includes a light quantity uniformizing means and a light collecting means.

Further, the light guide means is a plate-shaped transparent body.

Further, at least a part of the light guide means and the light source conversion means are integrally formed.

Further, the light guiding means has a concave shape 2 in the light emitting portion.
A dimensional microlens array is constructed.

Further, the light source means is a two-dimensional scattering hole array in which a large number of holes are formed in a transparent plate which does not use the light guiding means.

Further, the light guiding means is characterized in that it has an inner surface reflecting means on the surface excluding the light incident portion and the light emitting portion.

Further, an optical element having a function of scattering in a scattering angle range of 30 to 60 degrees is arranged on the exit surface of the point light source array or the end surface of the optical fiber.

The surface treatment of the emission surface of the point light source array or the emission surface of the optical fiber is characterized by a fine concavo-convex structure that causes scattering.

Further, a structure having a cone-cave shape is provided between the exit surface of the point light source array or the end surface of the optical fiber and the film on which a stereoscopic image is printed.

The optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber, and the radius of the core layer is 30 μm to 2 μm.
It is a stereoscopic display device characterized in that it is between 00 μm.

[0025]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, FIG. 1 is a sectional view in the horizontal X direction of the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, l is the distance between the light source and the film, L is the distance between the film and the viewpoint, and d is the distance between the light sources. Further, S1 to S3 are light sources, and a1 to a3 are color filters.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, since it corresponds to viewing a light source with a distance dmm at a distance Lmm, the distance d identifiable by the human eye is derived from (L + 1) tan θ = d. And the resolution recognition limit of the eye is 1 minute (θ = 1/6
0) degrees, L = 3 m, and L >> l, the interval d is 0.
It becomes 87 mm.

Here, a 50-inch display device, vertical H horizontal W
Considering the ratio 3: 4, H = 30 inches and W = 40 inches, and H = 762 mm and W = 1016 mm. Therefore, the resolution is determined by the density and number of light sources.

Here, when the viewing angle is 1 minute (d = 0.87 mm), H = 876 lines, W = 1168 lines, and the viewing angle is 2 minutes (d).
= 1.74 mm), H is 438 and W is 584
It becomes the resolution of the book.

As described above, a screen with a diagonal size of 50 inches is
When observing at a distance of m, and raising the resolution limit of the human visual angle, it is necessary to arrange the light sources at 0.87 mm vertical and horizontal intervals to provide a light source array of 876 x 1168 10.23 million pixel pixels. At half the resolution, the light source is 1.
A light source array of 438 vertical x 584 horizontal and 2560,000 pixels at a 74 mm pitch is required.

Here, the image 105 corresponding to the single light source has the same size as the pitch of the light sources. That is, 0.87
In the case of a pitch of mm, the single light source corresponding image 105 is repeated at a pitch of 0.87 mm, and in the case of a 1.74 mm pitch, it is repeated at a pitch of 1.74 mm. Here, the vertical and horizontal sizes are the same in this example, but may be different. Further, it is necessary to record a plurality of image information of different angles in the single light source corresponding image 105. Here, 9 in FIG. 1 is a shield for preventing light from the light source from leaking to the adjacent region 5. By disposing this shield 9, unlike the case where only the light passing through the pinhole is used as the light flux emitted from the light source, the light utilization efficiency is extremely improved and a bright image can be produced.

Further, by sufficiently increasing the number M of light sources, the quality of the image is improved. Also, since the distance between two images can be identified to be equal to or greater than the distance between the human eyes, stereoscopic images can always be viewed, so a large, realistic screen can be enjoyed by a binocular stereoscopic system with no brows. , An ideal configuration.
Further, in this configuration, since the light source Box 100 and the film 104 on which the 3D image is recorded can be independently separated, the light source Box 100 is fixed at a specific place, and 3
It is easy to change the D image film 104 for each content, for example, to change the film once a week.

Next, consideration will be given to the arrangement of the light sources and the number thereof in FIG. Here, between the light source Box 100 and the observer A, there are an angle of view at which A views the light source and an observable angle of view. Here, the viewing angle 110 is defined as the angle at which A looks at the light source. Further, the observable angle of view 111 is set to an angle at which the observer can stereoscopically view even if the observer physically moves within the range. Further, FIG. 20 shows a region 112 in which perfect stereoscopic observation is possible. Here, in the region 112 where perfect stereoscopic observation is possible, light from all light sources can be seen through the respective 3D image film 104. If the observable angle of view 111 is 30 degrees both horizontally and vertically, the distance L between the light source and the image film is L.
= 0.87 / tan (15), L = 3.2 mm
Becomes

Next, the image information recorded in the image 105 corresponding to the single light source will be considered. The number of viewpoints that the observer can observe depends on how delicate an image is included in the area of the small image 105 corresponding to the single light source. That is, the more dots of color information having a gradation, the more the viewpoint seen from various angles. Current inkjet printer technology can print 600 to 1500 dots per inch. If the size and position of the dots vary greatly, the quality of the reproduced image deteriorates. Therefore, if 600 DPI is used as a guideline, if printing is performed on the single light source compatible image 105 having a side of 1.74 mm at 600 DPI,
1.74x600 / 25.4 = 41 pixels are included. Further, the size of each dot is 1.74 × 1000/41 = 42 μm. That is, the image 105 corresponding to the single light source
Is 41 × 41 1681 pixels in total, and the same image can be observed even if the eye moves up to horizontal / vertical degree 30/41 = 0.73 degrees. The distance from one viewpoint to the next viewpoint when the observer stands 3 m ahead is 3000 tan
(0.73) = 38 mm. That is, the image viewed from the next angle can be seen by moving the viewpoint by 38 mm.
This value is the average human distance between the left and right eyes, from 50 mm to 7
Since it is larger than 0 mm, binocular stereo vision is always possible. And each time the head moves 4 cm, it is seen from a new perspective. This is a stereoscopic view in which a plurality of 1681 still images, which are very large in number, are viewed continuously, that is, a so-called still image looks like flipping.

If it is within 0.73 degrees, T
You can enjoy V, that is, high-definition stereo images similar to NTSC. On the other hand, if you want to see adjacent images,
You can see the average image because both the color and the tone of one dot are included. In the case of stereoscopic vision, the image does not change extremely, so it is recognized as if it changes naturally. That is, 41 vertical and 41 horizontal images with different viewpoints appear one after another depending on the eye movement. This viewpoint has 1681 points in total. Moreover, even if the head is placed sideways or at an angle, a natural stereoscopic view can be obtained as if it were actually seen.

Next, the restrictions of the image 105 corresponding to the single light source will be considered. First, the factors that determine the size of the light source will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the size of the single light source is h, A is the viewpoint as viewed from the front, and A ′ is the case of observing in the vicinity of the observable angle of view.

Here, in FIG. 21A, when the light source is smaller than the size d of the single dot of the single light source corresponding image 105, FIG. 22 shows that the light source is a single dot of the single light source corresponding image 105. This is the case when it is large. When the light source is smaller than d, the light from the light source can be surely seen through the single dot of the filter of the single light source corresponding image at the points A and A ′.

On the other hand, in FIG. 22, since the light source is large, the image is viewed through a plurality of filter dots of the single light source corresponding image 105. You cannot see a clear stereoscopic image because you see the image that the images from multiple viewpoints are mixed. Therefore, the size of the light source needs to be smaller than the dot of the image 105 corresponding to the single light source. That is, one side is 1.74 mm
In the case of 41 × 41 pixels printed at 600 DPI on the single light source compatible image 105, the size of each dot is 42 μm. Therefore, the single light source compatible image 1
It is necessary that the size of 05 is 42 μm or less, preferably about 30 μm. By using the point light source Box 100 and the 3D image film 104 configured as described above, it is possible to provide a three-dimensional poster that does not require eye glasses and allows a natural stereoscopic view regardless of where many people are. This poster can be used any number of times simply by replacing the 3D image film 104.

Here, it is necessary to arrange a large number of extremely small minute light sources as the light source, which is the key to practical use and high definition. In addition, the 3D image film 104 needs to be processed by computer processing the images taken from a large number of points and printed according to the rules of the large area film. In the case of a video image such as CG, this printing creates an object or background as an object having 3D information in advance, stores a large number of video images with different viewpoints in a recording device in advance, and thereafter, the image corresponding to the single light source. The dot information may be regularly scattered at the 105 locations. Also in the case of live-action shots, rather than taking hundreds of images with a camera, they are taken from different angles at a frequency of 1/3 or 1/5, and then interpolated by considering the movement of the image, and the image is multiplied by 3 to 5 times. It is also possible to create images from multiple viewpoints by creating images at intermediate points.

Here, the light source array can be constructed in various ways. First, a solid state light emitting device such as an LED is arranged. Here, in order to set the light emitting area to 30 to 40 μm, it must be white from the beginning. Also surface emitting LE
You may arrange D. Further, organic EL elements may be arranged. In this case, it is preferable to use a combination of regularly arranged organic EL element modules on a base of several tens of cm. A field emission emitter and a fluorescent display device may be combined. Furthermore, the array of the two-dimensionally arranged point light sources is square, that is, the distance between the point light sources in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is the same, but if this distance is arranged in consideration of perceptibility, Good. Also, the lateral spacing may be greater than the vertical spacing, and the area corresponding to the single light source printed on the film may be rectangular. And
The array of the two-dimensionally arrayed point light sources may not be square, but may be arranged in a zigzag pattern and the area corresponding to the single light source printed on the film may be hexagonal.
In addition, by adding a mechanism for aligning the matrix forming the light source array and the film on which a stereoscopic image is printed in a rotational direction, a part of the X direction, the Y direction, or all the directions,
You can easily replace the film.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The basic concept and configuration method are the same as those in the above-described first embodiment of the present invention. The basic configuration and concept are also the same. In the first embodiment, the configuration is shown in which 1681 images from multiple directions having a resolution similar to that of a TV and near the printing limit are viewed. However, in practice, when printing near the limit of printing, there are problems in terms of accuracy and alignment, so it may be possible to roughen the number of viewpoints and make it easier to handle. In this case, 1.74 mm on each side is 10
Divide x10 into 174 μm × 174 μm. By doing so, printing of 150 DPI class is sufficient.
Further, even an ordinary household inkjet printer can easily print. Also, the size of the light source is 100
It's about μm, which makes manufacturing easier. At the same time, the alignment accuracy becomes easier.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The basic concept and configuration method are the same as those in the above-described first embodiment of the present invention. The basic configuration and concept are also the same. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the light source Box. The difficulty of manufacturing the light source array is explained above. The size of the light source is 30 to 40 μm, and for example, a large screen with a diagonal of 50 inches at a distance of 1.74 mm is 438.
x584 lines and 25.6 million pixels are regularly arranged. In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber 15 is used. One end surface of the optical fiber is regularly arranged in the light source array 2. The array may be holes that are regularly formed in advance, or may be hollows that do not penetrate. Or
They may be directly arranged regularly and bonded. The other end face 16 of the optical fiber 15 is bundled together with the other optical fiber, and is composed of a lens 17, a filter 18 and a light source 19, as shown in FIG. Collected efficiently, filter 18
The light is focused on the end face 16 by using the lens 17. Here, the lens 17 may be a lens group using a plurality of lenses or a Fresnel lens. Further, it is desirable that the filter 18 is usually an IR cut filter. Further, as the light source 19, a high brightness lamp such as a halogen lamp is used. The size of the point light source is 50 inches diagonally as described above, and when a TV-like image is to be obtained,
In the first embodiment, a light source of 50 μm or less, preferably 3
Since the diameter is 0 μm, an extremely thin optical fiber is required. However, at the other end of this bundle of thin optical fibers, it is necessary to collect light efficiently and collect it from the illumination source. For this reason fibers with too thick cladding layers should not be used. Further, the optical fiber 15 needs to be arranged accurately. As mentioned above, when trying to obtain a TV-like image with a diagonal of 50 inches,
Accuracy of one fiber at intervals of 1.74 mm, 10 μm
It must be arranged in a certain degree. Also, the number of arrangements is about 2
As many as 50,000.

As described above, by using the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of light, improve the utilization efficiency, and view it even in a bright place. Further, by using the optical fiber, a thin, compact and high-definition stereoscopic display device can be realized.

Next, FIG. 3 is a diagram specifically showing the method of the configuration using the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, since the entire light source Box1 needs to be thin, the light source 19 and the lens 17 need to be housed behind or below the light source array 2. Further, since the light source 19 particularly generates heat, a heat radiating means using the heat radiating fan 20 or the like is required.

The end face 16T of the optical fiber light source
Must emit light uniformly at a certain field angle.
Since the optical fiber 15 used here is multi-mode and the light source 19 is incoherent white light, light that has spread to some extent from the end face 16T must be scattered uniformly over the entire viewing angle. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the end surface 16T is appropriately treated to have fine irregularities 21, or as shown in FIG. 5, a scattering plate 22 is arranged in the vicinity of the end surface 16T and a method such as the scattering surface 23 is used.
It is more desirable to adopt a method of uniformly diverging over the entire viewing angle.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the positional relationship between the point light source and the single image film must be exactly the same. If they do not match, the image is viewed together with the image viewed from a different viewpoint, and the stereoscopic image becomes worse. The accuracy is about 10% to 20% of 41 μm of the size of a single pixel in the above-described first embodiment of the present invention, and at least about 10 μm is necessary. Therefore, slight distortion, alignment error, and difference in expansion coefficient due to heat deteriorate image quality. To solve this, make the light source material the same as the film material, or
Alternatively, there is a method of using a material whose thermal expansion coefficient is extremely close. For example, it may be made of the same material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.1% or less. Further, if the same material is used, it is possible to cancel displacement due to heat or temperature, deformation due to aging, and the like. For example, when the film is made of an acrylic resin, the base material of the light source is also made of an acrylic resin, and the optical fiber is inserted into the hole formed in the base material or is bonded and arranged.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Moreover, the basic concept and the configuration method are the same as those in the above-described first embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, the basic configuration and concept are the same as those in the first and third embodiments.

The fourth embodiment of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned third embodiment.
The present invention proposes a method of manufacturing a light source array using the optical fiber of the above embodiment. In this embodiment, it is necessary to arrange hundreds of thousands of optical fibers with extremely high accuracy.

First, a method of assembling using an assembling robot having high positional accuracy will be described. Here, as the base material, the light source array 2 is accurately aligned by using the X drive system 24 and the Y drive system 25, the optical fiber 15 is aligned by using the actuator 26, and the adhesive material is automatically fed and bonded. is there. As shown in FIG. 6, the actuator 26 is movable, but the actuator 26 is fixed and the X drive and the Y drive are in the stage, and the light source array (base material) 2 is on the stage. good.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the alignment method. As shown in FIG. 7, an assembly guide is arranged in the light source array 2 with high accuracy, and the optical fiber 15 is embedded in the guide with relatively coarse accuracy. In this case, it is necessary to form a cone-cave-shaped hole 27 for guiding the optical fiber 15 in the light source array 2. After that, the fiber is repeatedly inserted into the guide of the light source array 2 using an automatic positioning machine having a step-and-repeat function. Moreover, it is better to perform the cutting at the same time. And it is better to bond them on the spot.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The basic concept and configuration method are the same as in the first embodiment. Also, the basic configuration and concept are the same as those in the first and second embodiments. The fifth embodiment proposes a method of manufacturing a light source array using the optical fiber of the third embodiment.

The fifth embodiment of the present invention is a method in which the optical fibers 15 are preliminarily one-dimensionally bundled in a certain array, modularized, and arranged two-dimensionally. First, as shown in FIG.
Are arranged on a winder 28 or a box having guides (grooves) which are arranged at a certain interval in the one-dimensional direction.

Next, FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the guide. As shown in FIG. 9, it is wound in advance along a jig so that a predetermined accuracy is obtained. This jig may be attached to the surface of the winder 28,
A type that covers the winder 28 may be used. That is,
Even if wound at an appropriate interval, the fiber is several μm (10
Precisely line up with an accuracy of (μm or less). In this case, the distance is d.

Next, FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the manner of fixing the optical fiber 15 to the jig arranged in the winder 28. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, an adhesive is poured on the jig to determine its position. In this one-dimensional array element 29, when solidifying with an adhesive or a molding material,
It is necessary to accurately control and manufacture the thickness of the array element.

Next, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a two-dimensional arraying method. As shown in FIG. 11, a two-dimensional array element 29 is formed by using a spacer 51 whose thickness is accurately controlled.
Arrange in a dimension. At that time, a spacer whose thickness is accurately controlled is required. Also, the alignment in the stacking direction is performed accurately.

Next, FIG. 12 shows the one-dimensional array element 29.
It is a combination of the notch for the alignment position and the function of the spacer.

Further, FIG. 13 shows the arrangement and positioning by the above method.

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The basic concept and construction method is first
It is similar to the embodiment. Also, the basic configuration and concept are the same as in the first embodiment. FIG. 14 shows the configuration of the light source BOX of FIG. 1 according to the first embodiment. The difficulty of manufacturing the light source array has been described in the above-described first embodiment. That is, the size of the light source is 30 to 40 μm, and for example, 438 × 584 lines and 2560,000 pixels are regularly arranged on a large screen having a diagonal of 50 inches at an interval of 1.74 mm. In the sixth embodiment of the present invention, the microlens array 34 is used. The luminous flux is the lamp and the reflector 30,
For example, a waveguide plate 31 using an infrared filter and a condenser lens
Is joined from the end face. The back surface of the waveguide plate 31 is covered with a reflection mirror, and is scattered in the surface direction by the scattering portion of the surface or the scattering plate 33. Further, a microlens array 34 is arranged on the surface, and a pinhole array 35 is accurately arranged near the focal point of the microlens array 34 near the focal length of the lens.

Here, 5 indicates a film surface on which a 3D image is recorded. Further, since the point light source 2 is realized by converging from the lens 34, the size of the microlens array 34 and the distance from the microlens array 34 to the pinhole array 35, that is, NA (numerical aperture).
The necessary observable angle of view 11 is determined by. For example, on a large screen with a diagonal of 50 inches at 1.74 mm intervals, 43
When 8x584 lines and 25.6 million pixels are regularly arranged, the size of the microlens is 1.74 mm in diameter or size and the focal length is 3.2 mm, the center of the microlens and the surface of the pinhole. It becomes possible by setting the distance to 3.2 mm. The problem in this case is that the light emitted from the scattering surface 33 at a low angle with respect to the surface normal is
The light is not efficiently used because it is cut by the pinhole array 35.

In order to solve this problem, FIG. 15 shows another application example of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 15 shows a part of FIG. 14, in which the reflection plate 30, the infrared filter 18, the condenser lens 17, and the film surface 5 on which the 3D image is recorded are omitted from FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, 31 is a waveguide plate, 32 is a mirror, and 37 is a directional optical element, and an array such as a micromirror or a Renchukira is used instead of the scattering plate 33 in FIG.
Here, 37 is an optical element for taking out perpendicularly from the surface of the waveguide plate 31 in the normal direction. At this time, the pitch of the optical elements 37 is preferably smaller than the size of the microlens array 34 in order to suppress the variation in the light amount of the light source. Further, the light flux converged on the focal plane 35 of the microlens array 34 is condensed on the emission point surface of the point light source, but in this state, it is an aggregate of a plurality of light fluxes by the optical element 37 and therefore scattered. The portion 36 is arranged so that light is scattered from the light emitting point of the scattering portion 36.

Next, FIG. 16 shows another application example of the sixth embodiment. By using this embodiment, the positions of the lenses of the microlens array 34 and the pinhole array of the focal plane 35 are arranged. The gap can be minimized. First, the microlens array 34 and the focal plane 35
Must be accurately aligned with an accuracy of 10 μm or less.
When molding the microlens array 34, alignment protrusions 38 and 39 are provided in advance and are used to align with the focal plane 35. Here, although the alignment protrusion 38 and the optical element 37 have the same structure, the alignment protrusion 38 has the microlens array 34.
It is used to keep the distance between the optical element 37 and the optical element 37 constant. In this way, the microlens array 34,
The focal plane 35, the scattering portion 36, and the optical element 37 can be positioned in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The basic concept and construction method is first
It is similar to the embodiment. Also, the basic configuration and concept are the same as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 17 shows a light source B of FIG. 1 according to the seventh embodiment.
1 shows the structure of an OX. In an embodiment of the invention,
As a method of forming the light source Box, the waveguide plate 40 and the scattering unit 4 are used.
It is configured by using 1. The light flux is coupled from the end face to the waveguide plate 40 by using the lamp and the reflection plate 30, such as the infrared filter 18 and the condenser lens 17. The waveguide plate 40 is covered with the reflection mirror 31 on the side surface other than the surface on which light is imaged, the front surface and the back surface, and is scattered in the surface direction by a large number of scattering portions 41 on the surface.
Here, 5 indicates a film surface on which a 3D image is recorded.

Although the number of the scattering portions 41 of the point light source is large, the density of closing the entire surface area is extremely small, and therefore the reflectance of the mirror surface 32 needs to be extremely high. Further, the scattering section 41 may have a surface having a structure suitable for scattering, or a process of disposing fine particles therein. Further, since there is a problem that the intensity is strong in a portion close to the light source and weak in a distance away, there is a problem that the depth of the scattering portion 41 is shallow in a region close to the light source and deep in a region far from the light source. Also make uniform.

When an optical fiber is used as the point light source array of the three-dimensional display device of the present invention, the following manufacturing method is effective as exemplified in the fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention. .

That is, in the method of arranging the end surface of the optical fiber on the light source array side on the light source array base material, a film having a predetermined thickness is coated on the surface of the one-dimensional array in order to keep the intervals of the optical fibers constant. Or a method of manufacturing a stereoscopic display device, characterized by using one or more methods of using a spacer having a predetermined thickness or combining a one-dimensional array element for alignment.

By using the above manufacturing method, it becomes possible to manufacture the point light source array of the stereoscopic display device using the optical fiber as the light source with high accuracy.

Further, in the above manufacturing method, as exemplified in the fourth embodiment, the following manufacturing method is effective.

That is, in the method of manufacturing a point light source array used in the stereoscopic display device, in the method of arranging the end surface of the optical fiber on the light source array side on the light source array base material, an assembly robot having a step-and-repeat mechanism is used. A method of manufacturing a point light source array used in the stereoscopic display device according to appendix 1.

By using the above manufacturing method, it is possible to quickly and automatically mass-produce the point light source array of the optical fiber while maintaining high accuracy.

As described above, by using the embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion of light is prevented, the utilization efficiency is improved, and it is possible to view even in a bright place.

[0072]

As described above, by using the present invention, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of light, improve the utilization efficiency, and view it even in a bright place. Further, by using the present invention, a thin, compact, and high-definition stereoscopic display device can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view in a horizontal X direction according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a light source Box according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure in which an end surface according to a third embodiment of the present invention is subjected to appropriate processing to have fine irregularities.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method of a scattering surface or the like by disposing a scattering plate near the end surface according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a positioning method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a guide according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an optical fiber is fixed to a jig arranged in a winder according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a two-dimensional arraying method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a combination of a notch for a matching position of a one-dimensional array element and a function of a spacer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a view showing the elements arranged and positioned by the above method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a view showing a part of FIG. 14 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which the reflection plate of FIG. 14, the infrared filter, the condenser lens, and the film surface on which the 3D image is recorded are omitted. .

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration according to a sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a configuration according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the principle of a conventional technique.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a region where perfect stereoscopic observation is possible according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a case where the light source A is smaller than the size of a single dot of the image corresponding to the single light source according to the related art.

FIG. 22 is a view showing a case where A is a light source larger than a size of a single dot of the image corresponding to the single light source according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Point light source, 5 ... Film surface, 9 ... Shield, 11 ... Observable angle of view, 15 ... Optical fiber, 16 ... End face, 17 ...
Condensing lens, 18 ... Filter, 19 ... Light source, 20 ... Heat dissipation fan, 21 ... Roughness, 22 ... Scattering plate, 23 ... Scattering surface,
24 ... X drive system, 25 ... Y drive system, 26 ... Actuator, 27 ... Hole, 28 ... Picking machine, 29 ... Dimensional array element, 3
0 ... Reflector, 31 ... Waveguide, 31 ... Reflecting mirror, 32 ...
Mirror surface, 33 ... Scattering plate, 34 ... Micro lens array, 34 ... Lens, 35 ... Pinhole array, 35 ... Focal plane, 36 ... Scattering part, 37 ... Optical element, 38, 39 ... Alignment protrusion, 40 ... Guide Corrugated plate, 41 ... Scattering part, 51 ... Spacer, 102 ...

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masahiko Gondo             2-43 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Ori             Inside Npus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2H059 AA09 AA18                 5C061 AA06 AB17

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A stereoscopic display device comprising a two-dimensionally arranged point light source and a transparent color filter having three-dimensional image information corresponding to a plurality of viewpoints, wherein the point light source is a light emitting means. A light source conversion unit that converts the light from the light emitting unit into an array of two-dimensional point light sources; and a light guiding unit that guides the light from the light emitting unit to the light source conversion unit. Is a stereoscopic display device that is replaceable. 2. The three-dimensional body according to claim 1, wherein the light source conversion means includes: a fiber bundle; and an array member that arranges one end of the fiber bundle in a two-dimensional array. Visual display device. 3. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the light source conversion means includes a two-dimensional microlens array and a plate-shaped two-dimensional pinhole array. 4. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the light guide unit includes a light amount uniformizing unit and a light collecting unit. 5. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the light guide means is a plate-shaped transparent body. 6. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the light guide unit and the light source conversion unit are integrally formed. 7. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 6, wherein the light guide unit has a concave two-dimensional microlens array in a light emitting portion. 8. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the light source means is a two-dimensional scattering hole array in which a large number of holes are formed in a transparent plate that does not use the light guiding means. 9. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 5, wherein the light guide unit has an inner surface reflection unit on a surface excluding the light incident unit and the light emission unit. 10. An optical element having a function of scattering in a scattering angle range of 30 to 60 degrees is arranged on the exit surface of the point light source array or the end surface of the optical fiber. The stereoscopic display device according to any one of 1. 11. The surface treatment of the emission surface of the point light source array or the emission surface of the optical fiber is a minute uneven structure that causes scattering, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Stereoscopic display device. 12. The structure having a cone-cave shape between the exit surface of the point light source array or the end surface of the optical fiber and the film on which a stereoscopic image is printed. The stereoscopic display device according to one. 13. The optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber, and the core layer has a radius of 30 μm to 20 μm.
It is between 0 micrometers, The stereoscopic display apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 9 characterized by the above-mentioned.