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JP3044857B2 - Plastic container - Google Patents

Plastic container

Info

Publication number
JP3044857B2
JP3044857B2 JP23310691A JP23310691A JP3044857B2 JP 3044857 B2 JP3044857 B2 JP 3044857B2 JP 23310691 A JP23310691 A JP 23310691A JP 23310691 A JP23310691 A JP 23310691A JP 3044857 B2 JP3044857 B2 JP 3044857B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
filler
biodegradable plastic
biodegradability
weight
plastic container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP23310691A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0570696A (en
Inventor
谷口　　正幸
善博 中川
裕介 寺内
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toppan Inc
Original Assignee
Toppan Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toppan Inc filed Critical Toppan Inc
Priority to JP23310691A priority Critical patent/JP3044857B2/en
Publication of JPH0570696A publication Critical patent/JPH0570696A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3044857B2 publication Critical patent/JP3044857B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は生分解性プラスチックか
らなる容器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a container made of biodegradable plastic.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年の環境問題等で、分解性プラスチッ
クが注目されている。この分解性プラスチックには、カ
ビ、細菌等の微生物により、化学的に完全に分解する生
分解性のものがある。2. Description of the Related Art Degradable plastics have attracted attention due to recent environmental problems and the like. Among these degradable plastics, there are biodegradable plastics that are completely decomposed chemically by microorganisms such as mold and bacteria.

【０００３】これに対して、生分解性がない汎用プラス
チックと澱粉等の充填剤を混合したもので、微生物によ
り澱粉等が分解してプラスチック部分が残り、物理的に
弱くなりボロボロに崩れるだけの、崩壊性或いは部分分
解性のものがある。この崩壊性のものの中には、汎用プ
ラスチックの代わりに光分解性プラスチックを用いて更
に分解を進めるものがあるが、いずれも完全に分解する
ことはなく、分解しきれない高分子が環境中に残ってし
まい、あまり好ましくない。[0003] On the other hand, it is a mixture of a general-purpose plastic having no biodegradability and a filler such as starch. The starch and the like are decomposed by microorganisms to leave a plastic part, which is physically weakened and collapsed. , Disintegrating or partially degrading. Some of these disintegrating materials use photodegradable plastics instead of general-purpose plastics for further decomposition, but none of them decompose completely, and polymers that cannot be completely decomposed are exposed to the environment. It remains and is not very desirable.

【０００４】生分解性プラスチックには、微生物の産生
するポリエステル、脂肪族系のポリマーなどが知られて
いる。しかし、これらをボトルやカップというある程度
の強度を必要とするものに成形しようとすると、成形物
の肉厚が厚くなってしまい、微生物によって完全に分解
されるのに長い時間がかかる。[0004] As biodegradable plastics, polyesters and aliphatic polymers produced by microorganisms are known. However, when trying to mold these into bottles and cups that require a certain degree of strength, the thickness of the molded product increases, and it takes a long time to be completely decomposed by microorganisms.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は以上のような
問題点を解決するためになされたもので、その課題とす
るところは、容器が肉厚であっても、使用済みになり廃
棄されたら速やかに分解が進み、かつ構造的に強度のあ
る生分解性プラスチック製容器を提供することにある。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to dispose of used and discarded containers even if the containers are thick. Another object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable plastic container which is rapidly decomposed and has structural strength.

【０００６】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は以上のような課
題を解決するために、生分解性プラスチックに充填剤を
混合したことを特徴とする生分解性プラスチック製容器
を提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a biodegradable plastic container characterized in that a filler is mixed with a biodegradable plastic in order to solve the above problems.

【０００７】以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。本
発明の充填剤として、平均粒径20μｍ以下のものを重量
比で10〜40％加えると、生分解性は著しく向上させるこ
とができ、かつ弾性率、引張強度などの強度を上げるこ
とができる。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. When 10 to 40% by weight of a filler having an average particle size of 20 μm or less is added as the filler of the present invention, the biodegradability can be remarkably improved, and the strength such as elastic modulus and tensile strength can be increased. .

【０００８】このときの充填剤としては、従来より強度
向上を目的にしたときに頻繁に用いられている、平均粒
径が20μｍ以下である炭酸カルシウム、含水珪酸マグネ
シウム（タルク）のほか、粒径が20μｍ以下のもので形
状が粒状のものであれば、従来より用いられている澱
粉、キチン・キトサンなどの天然物なども可能である。[0008] As the filler at this time, in addition to calcium carbonate and hydrated magnesium silicate (talc) having an average particle diameter of not more than 20 μm, which have been frequently used in the past to improve the strength, If it is 20 μm or less and has a granular shape, conventionally used natural products such as starch and chitin / chitosan can be used.

【０００９】形状が粒状でないもの、例えば鱗片状また
は針状のものなどは、分解過程において粒状のものより
抜け落ちが多く、また抜け落ちたときの表面積の増加も
大きいので分解性は上がるが、強度が弱い。また混合比
についても10〜40％が生分解性を向上させ、かつ強度を
上げることができる範囲であり、40％以上から強度が下
がる。Non-granular ones, such as scaly ones or needle-like ones, are more likely to fall off than the granular ones in the decomposition process, and the surface area increases when they fall off. weak. As for the mixing ratio, 10 to 40% is a range in which the biodegradability can be improved and the strength can be increased, and the strength is reduced from 40% or more.

【００１０】一方、主体となる生分解性プラスチック
は、微生物の産生するポリエステルとして、ポリ−３−
ヒドロキシブチレート（３ＨＢ）及びポリ−４−ヒドロ
キシブチレート（４ＨＢ）、ポリヒドロキシバリレート
（ＰＨＶ）の共重合体が可能であり、脂肪族系のポリマ
ーとして、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリグリコリドとして
ポリ乳酸、ポリブリコリド、そして前記ポリマーの２種
以上の混合体が可能である。On the other hand, the main biodegradable plastic is poly-3- as a polyester produced by microorganisms.
A copolymer of hydroxybutyrate (3HB), poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), and polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) is possible, and polycaprolactone is used as an aliphatic polymer, polylactic acid is used as a polyglycolide, Polybricolide and mixtures of two or more of the above polymers are possible.

【００１１】[0011]

【作用】生分解性プラスチックの生分解は、表面に付着
した微生物が生産する生分解性プラスチック分解酵素に
より徐々に溶けていく様式である。生分解性プラスチッ
クに充填剤を混合すると分解酵素により表面の生分解性
プラスチックが溶け、充填剤が抜け落ちて表面積が著し
く増える。これにより分解酵素は、より内層に作用する
事ができるようになり、生分解性は著しく向上し、分解
に要する時間が短縮される。[Function] Biodegradation of biodegradable plastic is a method in which microorganisms attached to the surface gradually dissolve by the biodegradable plastic degrading enzyme produced. When the filler is mixed with the biodegradable plastic, the biodegradable plastic on the surface is dissolved by the decomposing enzyme, the filler falls off, and the surface area significantly increases. This allows the degrading enzyme to act on the inner layer more, significantly improving the biodegradability and shortening the time required for decomposition.

【００１２】[0012]

【実施例】本発明を次の実施例で説明する。 ＜実施例１＞生分解性プラスチックとして、ポリ−３−
ヒドロキシブチレート−ポリ−３−ヒドロキシバリレー
ト共重合体（アイ・シー・アイ・ジャパン（株）製、商
品名「バイオポール」のボトル成形グレード）（以下、
３ＨＢ−３ＨＶとする。）を用いた。充填剤として平均
粒径10、20μｍの含水珪酸マグネシウム（タルク）を1
0、20、40、50％混合したマスターバッチを作成し、押
出ブロー成形機を用いてボトルを成形した。The present invention will be described with reference to the following examples. <Example 1> As a biodegradable plastic, poly-3-
Hydroxybutyrate-poly-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymer (ICI Japan Co., Ltd., trade name "Biopol" bottle molding grade) (hereinafter, referred to as
3HB-3HV. ) Was used. 1 hydrated magnesium silicate (talc) with average particle size of 10 and 20 μm as filler
Master batches containing 0, 20, 40, and 50% were prepared, and bottles were molded using an extrusion blow molding machine.

【００１３】比較例として、充填剤を平均粒径20、40μ
ｍの雲母（マイカ）を10、20％混合したもの、充填剤を
加えていないものを作成した。[0013] As a comparative example, the filler has an average particle size of 20, 40 µm.
m and mica (mica) were mixed at 10 and 20%, and no mica was added.

【００１４】これらの生分解性と引張強度、及び耐衝撃
性を以下の方法により試験した。The biodegradability, tensile strength, and impact resistance were tested by the following methods.

【００１５】（ａ）第１試験 上記各容器をカビの１種であるペニシリウム−フニクロ
サム(Penicillium funiculosum) ＩＦＯ・６３４５菌液
より分離精製したポリヒドロキシブチレート分解酵素液
(蛋白質濃度50μｇ/ml)に２４時間浸漬し、ボトルの重
量を測定して、重量減少により生分解性を求めた。(A) First test Each of the above containers was a polyhydroxybutyrate-decomposing enzyme solution separated and purified from a fungus solution of Penicillium funiculosum IFO 6345, a kind of mold.
(Protein concentration: 50 μg / ml) for 24 hours, the weight of the bottle was measured, and the biodegradability was determined from the weight loss.

【００１６】（ｂ）第２試験 上記各容器を細菌の１種であるアルカリゲネス−フェカ
リス(Alcaligenes feacalis −T1) より分離精製したポ
リヒドロキシブチレート分解酵素液 (蛋白質濃度50μｇ
/ml)に２４時間浸漬し、ボトルの重量を測定して、重量
減少により生分解性を求めた。(B) Second test Each of the above containers is a polyhydroxybutyrate-degrading enzyme solution (protein concentration: 50 μg) separated and purified from Alcaligenes feacalis-T1, a kind of bacteria.
/ ml) for 24 hours, the weight of the bottle was measured, and the biodegradability was determined from the weight loss.

【００１７】（ｃ）第３試験 自然環境での生分解性を確認するために、上記各容器を
畑に埋めて、６ケ月まで経時的に重量を測定して、重量
減少により生分解性を求めた。(C) Third test In order to confirm the biodegradability in the natural environment, each of the above containers was buried in a field, and the weight was measured over time up to 6 months. I asked.

【００１８】（ｄ）引張強度試験 上記各容器と同組成の試験片を作成して、ＪＩＳ−Ｋ７
１１３に従って引張応力、弾性率を求めた。(D) Tensile strength test A test piece having the same composition as that of each of the above containers was prepared and subjected to JIS-K7
The tensile stress and the modulus of elasticity were determined according to 113.

【００１９】これらの結果を表１から表２に示す。The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

【００２０】[0020]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００２１】[0021]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００２２】＜実施例２＞生分解性プラスチック（３Ｈ
Ｂ−３ＨＶ）とポリカプロラクトン（ＰＣＬ）（ユニオ
ン・カーバイド・ジャパン（株）製、商品名「トーン」
のＰ−７８７Ｅグレード）の混合体(50:50) を用いた。
充填剤として平均粒径 5.0μｍの炭酸カルシウムを10、
20、40、50％混合したマスターバッチを作成し、押出ブ
ロー成形機を用いてボトルを成形した。<Example 2> Biodegradable plastic (3H
B-3HV) and polycaprolactone (PCL) (manufactured by Union Carbide Japan Co., Ltd., trade name "Tone")
(P-787E grade) was used (50:50).
10, calcium carbonate having an average particle size of 5.0 μm as a filler,
Master batches containing 20, 40, and 50% were prepared, and bottles were formed using an extrusion blow molding machine.

【００２３】比較例として、充填剤を加えていないもの
を作成した。As a comparative example, one without a filler was prepared.

【００２４】これらの生分解性と引張強度、及び耐衝撃
性を以下の方法により試験した。The biodegradability, tensile strength, and impact resistance were tested by the following methods.

【００２５】（ａ）第１試験 上記各容器をカビの１種であるリゾプス−アリザス(Rhi
zopus arrhizus) より分離精製された市販のリパーゼ溶
液（アメリカ、シグマ社製、「Ｌ−4384」） (蛋白質濃
度50μｇ/ml)に２４時間浸漬し、ボトルの重量を測定し
て、重量減少により生分解性を求めた。(A) First test Each of the above-mentioned containers was subjected to Rhizopus-Alizas (Rhi
zopus arrhizus), immersed in a commercial lipase solution (“L-4384”, manufactured by Sigma, USA) (protein concentration: 50 μg / ml) for 24 hours. Degradability was determined.

【００２６】（ｂ）第２試験 自然環境での生分解性を確認するために、上記の各容器
を畑（茨城県古河市）に埋めて、６ケ月まで経時的に重
量を測定し重量減少により生分解性を求めた。(B) Second test In order to confirm the biodegradability in the natural environment, each of the above containers was buried in a field (Furukawa City, Ibaraki Prefecture), and the weight was measured over time up to 6 months to reduce the weight. Was used to determine biodegradability.

【００２７】（ｃ）引張強度試験 上記各容器と同組成の試験片を作成して、ＪＩＳ−Ｋ７
１１３に従って引張応力、弾性率を求めた。(C) Tensile strength test A test piece having the same composition as that of each of the above containers was prepared and subjected to JIS-K7
The tensile stress and the modulus of elasticity were determined according to 113.

【００２８】これらの結果を表３から表４に示す。The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

【００２９】[0029]

【表３】 [Table 3]

【００３０】[0030]

【表４】 [Table 4]

【００３１】[0031]

【発明の効果】本発明により、容器が肉厚であっても、
使用済みになり廃棄されたら速やかに分解が進み、かつ
構造的に強度を持たせることができる生分解性プラスチ
ック製容器を得ることができ、また、肉厚でも生分解性
プラスチックを使用することが可能となった。According to the present invention, even if the container is thick,
Decomposition proceeds promptly when used and discarded, and a biodegradable plastic container that can be structurally strengthened can be obtained. It has become possible.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C08L 1/00 - 101/16 C08K 3/00 - 13/08 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C08L 1/00-101/16 C08K 3/00-13/08

Claims (3)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】生分解性プラスチックからなる容器におい
て、生分解性プラスチックに充填剤を混合したことを特
徴とする生分解性プラスチック製容器。1. A container made of a biodegradable plastic, wherein a filler is mixed with the biodegradable plastic. 【請求項２】充填剤として、形状が粒状で平均粒径20.0
μｍ以下ものを重量比で10〜40％混合したことを特徴と
した、請求項１記載の生分解性プラスチック容器。2. A filler having a granular shape and an average particle size of 20.0%.
2. The biodegradable plastic container according to claim 1, wherein 10 to 40% by weight or less are mixed by weight. 【請求項３】充填剤として、炭酸カルシウムまたは含水
珪酸マグネシウム（タルク）を用いることを特徴とし
た、請求項１記載の生分解性プラスチック製容器。3. The biodegradable plastic container according to claim 1, wherein calcium carbonate or hydrous magnesium silicate (talc) is used as the filler.
JP23310691A 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 Plastic container Expired - Lifetime JP3044857B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23310691A JP3044857B2 (en) 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 Plastic container

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23310691A JP3044857B2 (en) 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 Plastic container

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0570696A JPH0570696A (en) 1993-03-23
JP3044857B2 true JP3044857B2 (en) 2000-05-22

Family

ID=16949871

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP23310691A Expired - Lifetime JP3044857B2 (en) 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 Plastic container

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3044857B2 (en)

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DE4418634C2 (en) * 1993-09-14 2001-08-30 Fujitsu Ltd A biodegradable resin molded article, a modification method of a resin, a resin composition, and a molded resin article
GB2281709B (en) * 1993-09-14 1998-04-08 Fujitsu Ltd Biodegradable resin moulded article
DE69420691T2 (en) * 1993-12-24 2000-06-08 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Heat-resistant molded article based on a polymer of lactic acid
US5763513A (en) 1994-05-19 1998-06-09 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. L-lactic acid polymer composition, molded product and film
US5691424A (en) * 1995-05-25 1997-11-25 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. Heat-resistant molded article of lactic acid-base polymer
US5766748A (en) * 1995-11-30 1998-06-16 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Stretched film of lactic acid-based polymer
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JP2000321720A (en) 1999-05-10 2000-11-24 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Container for photographic sensitive material
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