JP4322925B2 - Anti-slipping agent using organic waste and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention effectively uses organic waste that needs to be deodorized and dried, such as excess sludge, waste such as dust collected at power plants and steelworks, and flammable waste such as paper waste, wood waste, and tartar waste. The present invention relates to providing an anti-slipping agent.

  Organic waste such as excess sludge and raw garbage contains a large amount of water and has a strong rot odor, so it is difficult to handle these, and most of them are incinerated with great equipment and fuel costs. Processing has been done. At present, the activated sludge process is widely used for the treatment of sewage and the like, and surplus sludge treatment has become a major problem in countries around the world.

  In addition, most of the dust such as iron and coke collected by smoke collectors from smoke and so on generated at power plants and steelworks and construction waste materials such as waste wood and waste tatami are finally disposed of as landfills as industrial waste. The cost of disposal and the impact on the environment after disposal are a problem.

  Therefore, various methods for effectively using industrial waste have been proposed. As one of them, it has been proposed to produce an anti-slipping agent for a converter using papermaking sludge (for example, Patent Document 1). This anti-slipping agent is formed by mixing and dewatering industrial waste containing papermaking sludge, and the water content is 25% or more.

However, the demand for paper sludge is expanding as a material for biomass fuel, and there is concern about an increase in price and a decrease in supply. Furthermore, the anti-slipping agent using the above papermaking sludge has a moisture content of 25% or more, and when added to the hot metal, there is a possibility that steam is explosively generated, resulting in a slag scattering accident.
JP-A-7-145417

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an anti-slipping agent that can effectively produce organic waste such as surplus sludge that has been incinerated at a large cost and can be stably produced at low cost. .

  The inventor of the present application has made extensive research for the purpose of effectively using surplus sludge that has been disposed of by incineration at an excessive cost and preparing an anti-slipping agent. As a result, surplus sludge has a high water content and has an odor. Strictly, if the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus developed by the present inventor is used, deodorizing and drying can be performed at low cost. When a predetermined component is mixed and the water content and specific gravity are adjusted, an anti-slipping agent for converters is used. I found that it can be used as. The present invention has been made based on such findings.

The anti-slipping agent of the present invention is a binder comprising a lightweight component obtained by fermenting and deodorizing organic waste under reduced pressure, and heating and drying under reduced pressure , and at least one selected from waste, paper waste, wood waste and waste plastic. and components, iron powder, carbon powder, and a heavy component of at least one of the coke powder and fly ash were mixed, made by compression molding a mixture thereof, the water content 5% by weight under the following conditions, The specific gravity is adjusted to 1.7 or more.

  According to the present invention, a lightweight component obtained by deodorizing and drying organic waste such as excess sludge that required a great deal of cost for disposal is mixed and compression-molded with a binder component and a weight component, and has a moisture content. Since the specific gravity is adjusted, it can be effectively used as an anti-slipping agent. In addition, among organic wastes that are light-weight material materials, particularly surplus sludge can be supplied inexpensively and stably due to the widespread use of the activated sludge method. Therefore, the anti-slipping agent can be produced inexpensively and stably. Here, it is necessary to remove sulfur and salt from organic waste such as excess sludge in order to prevent deterioration of the quality of, for example, steel produced in a converter.

When this anti-slipping agent is introduced into a steelmaking converter, for example, it has a specific gravity of 1.7 or more, thereby effectively destroying and penetrating the slag layer on the surface of the hot water. Excess O ₂ gas and CO gas accumulated on the side can be discharged out of the furnace. Thereby, the occurrence of slopping can be prevented. Moreover, it can contribute to reduction | restoration of an iron oxide with the organic substance contained in a lightweight component. In particular, the specific gravity of the anti-sloping agent is 2 . 5 is preferred. Further, from the viewpoint of workability, the specific gravity is preferably 3.0 or less. Further, the water content of the anti-slipping agent is preferably 3 % by mass in order to reliably prevent explosive generation of water vapor.

In the present application, unless otherwise specified,% means mass percent.

The present invention also provides a method for producing the above-mentioned anti-slipping agent, wherein the organic waste having a high water content is added to at least one of the low-moisture waste, wood waste, waste paper, and waste plastic. Preparing a mixture having a moisture content suitable for reduced-pressure fermentation by mixing the binder component,
A step of i) fermenting and deodorizing the mixture under reduced pressure; and ii) a step of heating and drying under reduced pressure to deodorize and dry the mixture;
Add a weight component consisting of at least one of iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder and fly ash to the deodorized and dried mixture to adjust the specific gravity, mix with a mixer, and then shape the mixed material Including a process,
It is a manufacturing method of the anti-slipping agent using the organic waste characterized by adjusting water content to 5 mass % or less and specific gravity 1.7 or more.

According to the production method of the present invention, organic waste such as excess sludge with a strong rot odor and a high water content is mixed with a binder component with a low water content, deodorized and dried at low cost, and compression molded together with a weight component. Therefore, it is possible to provide a slopping inhibitor having organic waste as a main component and adjusted to a water content of 5% by mass or less and a specific gravity of 1.7 or more at a low cost, and to make effective use of excess sludge. Can do.

  Moreover, since the waste scraps, wood scraps, and the like as the binder component are obtained from the building waste material, the building waste material can be effectively used. In addition, iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder and fly ash as weight components are obtained from fine particles collected by dust collectors at ironworks and thermal power plants, so that industrial waste can be effectively used. The environmental impact of industrial waste disposal can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described using embodiments of the present invention.
(Composition of anti-slipping agent)
The anti-slipping agent of this embodiment is
a) Light weight component obtained by fermenting and deodorizing organic waste such as excess sludge under reduced pressure and heating and drying under reduced pressure : 40 to 60% by mass ;
b) A binder component consisting of at least one of Tatami waste, wood waste, paper waste and waste plastic: 20 to 50% by mass ;
c) iron powder, carbon powder, the weight component comprises at least one of coke powder and fly ash: made it contains at least a 5 to 10 mass%. In addition, the sum total of each said component ratio is 100 mass % or less.

  This anti-slipping agent makes effective use of the light-weight component of the organic waste of a) and mixes it with the binder component of b), such as swarf scraps, to adjust moisture and increase shape retention. Furthermore, the specific gravity suitable for destroying the slag layer of the hot_water | molten_metal surface in a converter is obtained by adding the iron powder etc. of c) as a weight component. The connecting component has a specific gravity between approximately 1.0 and 1.1.

  As said organic waste, other organic matters, such as garbage, can be used for a part or all of surplus sludge. For example, in addition to excess sludge, at least one of agricultural waste, fishery industry waste, agricultural and fishery processing industry waste, and food industry waste can be used. In short, organic waste having a large amount of water and cost for incineration disposal can be widely used, thereby reducing the disposal cost of organic waste. Examples of organic waste sources include beer factories, coffee / tea factories (extracted glass), tofu factories (okara), and canned factories.

Further, as the above-mentioned binder component, at least one of swarf waste, wood waste, paper waste, and waste plastic can be used. For example, as the binder component, A) waste waste: 10 to 40% by mass , and B) wood waste: 5 10) mass %, C) paper scrap: 5-10 mass %, and D) waste plastic scrap: 0-5 mass %. With this linking component, shape retention can be enhanced while ensuring a specific gravity suitable for the anti-slipping agent.

The anti-slipping agent preferably has a decarburization gas passage in the center, and in particular, has a circular or polygonal cross section, and the cross-sectional ratio of the through holes is 2 to 20% with respect to this cross section. Preferably there is. This through hole allows the decarburization gas such as O ₂ supplied to the hot water in the converter to pass through and quickly guide it to the hot water surface, thereby preventing the inconvenience of the decarburization gas from accumulating in the hot water. . Here, when the cross-sectional ratio of the through holes is less than 2%, the passage of the decarburized gas becomes insufficient, and when it exceeds 20%, the strength of the anti-slipping agent becomes insufficient. Further, from the viewpoint of easy handling and the effect of breaking the slag layer, the anti-slipping agent is preferably a rod-like body having a length of 10 to 30 cm.

In addition, the production method of the anti-slipping agent according to the present invention,
1) A mixture having a water content suitable for reduced-pressure fermentation is prepared by mixing organic waste with a high water content with at least one binder component selected from a small amount of tata waste, wood waste, waste paper, and waste plastic. Process,
2) the step of i) fermenting and deodorizing the mixture under reduced pressure; and ii) subjecting the mixture to heat drying under reduced pressure to deodorize and dry the mixture;
3) At least one weight component of iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder and fly ash is added to the mixture after deodorizing and drying to adjust the specific gravity, and after mixing with a mixer, the mixed material is molded. Process.

I) Preparation Step In the first step, the mixture is adjusted as follows. Surplus sludge as organic waste has a water content of about 90% by mass , so it is mixed with binder components such as waste, wood, paper waste, and waste plastic to make the water content about 60 to about 80% by mass . Adjust to. In addition, the organic waste generally has a water content of 80 to 99% by mass . Further, the above-mentioned tatami waste, wood waste, paper waste and waste plastic are crushed to a size of 10 to 50 mm and mixed with surplus sludge.

II) Deodorization drying process In the 2nd process, the process of performing fermentation deodorization under reduced pressure, and the process of performing heat drying under reduced pressure are performed as follows.
II-i) In the fermentation deodorization process, indigenous bacteria that inhabit the sea, mountains, and land are collected, cultured, and used. It has been found that various animals and plants and bacteria that inhabit soil are effective as indigenous bacteria for reduced-pressure fermentation of excess sludge and the like. The flora and fauna and soil inhabited by indigenous bacteria include wormwood, wild grass, medicinal herb, seaside grass, coral, bamboo bamboo soil, forest soil, fish, seaweed, fruit, pineapple, apple, mandarin orange, loquat and grape. Indigenous bacteria that inhabit these are used after culturing with rice bran or sawdust. Specifically, the deodorization is performed by mixing the fermenting bacteria under a reduced pressure of 0.03 to 0.07 MPa under a reduced pressure at a heat medium temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. and stirring for a half to 2-3 hours. Fermentative bacteria that grow under fermentation are preferred. The reduced pressure value refers to a pressure value that is lowered from atmospheric pressure (generally 0.10 MPa at 0 m above sea level). Examples of enzymes possessed by such fermenting bacteria include the following known enzymes: alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, L. aspartate beta-semi Aldehyde / NADP oxidectase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate semialdehyde / dehydrogenase, NADPH2 cytochrome C / reactase, glutathione dehydrogenase, trehalose phosphate synthetase, polyphosphatase kinase, ethanol Amine phosphatidyl cytidyl transferase, trehalose phosphatase, metalthiophospho glycerate phosphatase, inulase, β-mannositase, uridine nu Leositase, cytosine diaminase, methylcysteine synthetase, aspartate synthetase, succinate dehydrogenase, aconitate hydrogenase, fumarate hydrogenase, maleate dehydrogenase, citrate synthetase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, Examples include LSNADP oxidase, monoamine oxidase, histaminease, pyruvate decarboxylase, ATPase, nucleotide pyrophosphatase, endopolyphosphatase, ATP phosphohydrolase, orotidine pentaphosphate decarboxylase, and these groups Bacteria having at least one enzyme selected from are used. In the fermentation deodorization step, sufficient deodorization can be performed in about half an hour to 2 to 3 hours.
II-ii) In the heat drying step, the pressure reduction is performed under a pressure lower than that in the fermentation deodorization step, and the pressure reduction is gradually or stepwise increased. Specifically, heating and drying are performed with stirring at a heating medium temperature of 80 to 120 ° C. for a half hour to an hour under a reduced pressure of 0.05 to 0.09 MPa. The moisture content of the dried mixture should be 20% by weight or less, preferably about 15% by weight or less.
An example of the composition before performing the deodorization drying step (composition ratio in parentheses) is as follows.
a) Surplus sludge: 1t (70 mass %), moisture content 90 mass %
bA) Tatami waste: 250 kg (18% by mass )
bB) Wood waste: 100kg (7% by mass )
bC) Paper waste: 70 kg (5% by mass )
bD) Waste plastic (synthetic fiber waste): A small amount of the above components are mixed to obtain a mixture having a water content of 80% by mass , and this is processed under the following conditions by a reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus shown below.
i) Fermentation process: reduced pressure value 0.03 MPa, about 1 hour
ii) Drying step: The moisture content of the mixture after drying at a reduced pressure of 0.08 MPa for about 30 minutes can be about 15% by mass .

III) Molding step c) At least one of iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder and fly ash is added to the mixture after deodorization and drying, and mixed by a mixer. The mixing ratio is adjusted so that the specific gravity after molding is 1.7 to 3.0 (preferably 2.5).
The mixed material is molded by a molding machine and then cut to a predetermined length to complete the anti-slipping agent. In the molding machine, the material is heated to about 200 to 250 ° C. (preferably heated at about 230 ° C.) to dry the water content to 5% by mass or less, preferably 3 % by mass when solidified.
The molding machine preferably includes a small-diameter screw for a through hole at the tip of a large-diameter screw for extrusion. By this molding machine, a bamboo ring-shaped anti-sloping agent having a through hole along the central axis is molded. The material can be effectively dried by forming a long molding sleeve of the molding machine and heating the sleeve with a heater or the like.

  It is preferable to use the following apparatuses for the said reduced-pressure fermentation and reduced-pressure heat drying process and compression molding process.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus that performs a reduced-pressure fermentation / reduced pressure heating drying process. The reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1 includes a heating unit H1 (a heating steam as a heating medium is supplied from the boiler 5 and returns the heated steam to the boiler 5) on the peripheral wall 12a of the lower casing 12, and one end of the upper casing 11 In the part (upstream side), there is a supply part 11a for the workpiece W such as surplus sludge mixed with wood chips and the like, and at the other end part (downstream side) of the lower casing 12, a discharge part 12b for the dried material w is provided. A horizontally long cylindrical casing 10 and a stirring rod 22 with a feeding portion that feeds from the one end portion to the other end portion while stirring the workpiece W supplied inside the casing 10 while rotating. The rotating body 20 that is supported by bearings 30 and 35 on both end walls of the casing, the inverter motor M1 that rotationally drives the rotating body 20 in the feeding direction, and the circumference of the lower casing 12 The scraping part 40 attached to the outer peripheral part of the rotating body 20 so as to scrape the adhering matter adhering to the inner surface of the wall 12a, and the steam S generated from the workpiece W during the fermentation drying process in the casing are condensed, The condenser 50 for discharging the condensed water G, the vacuum pump VP for sucking the air inside the casing together with the vapor S from the workpiece W through the condensed water G discharge pipe 59 of the condenser 50, and the condenser 50 The cooling water supplied by the cooling water pump P is cooled by air cooling and held in the water tank 61, and the cooling water is supplied to the condensed water G sucked from the discharge pipe 59 by the vacuum pump VP and the cooling tower 60.

  In the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1 used in the present embodiment, the workpiece W supplied from the supply unit 11a into the horizontally long cylindrical casing 10 is heated by the heating unit H1 of the lower casing 12 to the discharge unit 12b. Then, it is sent by the feeding section of the rotating body 20 that is rotationally driven. In the meantime, the workpiece W is heated from the outside by the heating part H1 of the lower casing 12 and heated from the inside by the auxiliary heating part H2 provided in the rotating body 20, and further rotates the stirring rod with a feeding part. Drying is much faster due to the stirring by No. 22. Further, since the inside of the casing is in a negative pressure state by the vacuum pump VP, the boiling point of the water in the workpiece W is lowered (for example, the pressure in the casing 10 is 320 hPa; the reduced pressure value is about 0.068 MPa, (Boiling point is about 70 ° C.) Boiling evaporation of moisture is promoted and drying is further accelerated. In this case, even when the heating steam is supplied to the heating unit H1 and the heating temperature does not reach 100 ° C., boiling evaporation of moisture inside the casing is promoted.

  Here, the reduced pressure value in the casing 10 is set to 0.03 to 0.07 MPa in the fermentation deodorization step. Thereby, the boiling point of water can be reduced to about 90-68 degreeC, and the deodorizing effect | action by fermenting bacteria can be accelerated | stimulated by making the inside of the casing 10 into a fermentation environment. In this case, fermentation deodorization can be performed in a process of heating steam at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. for half an hour to 2 to 3 hours.

  On the other hand, in the heat drying step after the fermentation deodorization step, the pressure is reduced under a lower pressure than the fermentation deodorization step, and the pressure reduction value is 0.05 to 0.09 MPa. Thereby, the boiling point of water can be reduced to about 80-46 degreeC, and the to-be-processed object can be dried rapidly. Here, when moving from the fermentation deodorization process to the heat drying process, it is preferable to gradually increase the amount of reduced pressure or increase the pressure stepwise to move the process.

  The vapor S generated by the evaporation of the water in the workpiece W is condensed by the condensing unit 50 and discharged as condensed water G from the inside of the casing, so that the treated workpiece w is wetted again or wetted. There is no. Moreover, since the heating part H1 is arrange | positioned in the casing 10 and the auxiliary | assistant heating part H2 and the condensation part 50 are arrange | positioned in the casing 10, the to-be-processed object is heated, and the gas produced is condensed quickly and efficiently. Can do. In addition, the overall reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1 can be reduced in size.

  Further, even when the object to be processed burns or adheres to the inner wall surface of the lower casing 12 heated by the heating unit H1, the object to be processed in the vicinity of the inner wall surface is removed by the scraping unit 40 attached to the outer peripheral part of the rotating body 20. Can be scraped off. As a result, it is possible to prevent the disadvantage that the amount of heat transmitted by the deposits decreases and the heating efficiency by the heating part H1 decreases. In the heating part H1, in addition to steam heating, electric heating is also possible, but when a boiler is already installed, a steam heating system that is advantageous in terms of running cost is preferable. In addition, although heating steam was supplied to the said heating part H1 and auxiliary | assistant heating part H2 as a heat medium, you may supply other heat media, such as hot water or oil.

  2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1 in detail, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the casing 10, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the casing 10. In the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1, the casing 10 is a lower casing having a U-shaped cross section having a bottom portion having a circular cross section, the discharge portion 12 b of the dried material w, and bearings 30 and 35. 12 and an upper casing 11 having an inverted U-shaped cross section that is coupled with a bolt so as to be openable so as to cover the lower casing 12 from above and has the supply portion 11a of the workpiece W.

  An aerobic thermophilic complex bacterium obtained from an indigenous bacterium is added to the organic workpiece W put into the casing 10, and the decomposition of the organic matter that is likely to rot can be promoted. Specifically, the workpiece W includes a microorganism having at least one of the following enzymes. In addition, the substance which each enzyme acts is described in the parenthesis following each enzyme. Alcohol dehydrogenase (alcohol), lactate dehydrogenase (lactose), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (carbohydrate), aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde), L, aspartate, beta-semialdehyde, NADP Oxdrectase (aldehyde), glutamate dehydrogenase (amino acid), aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (amino acid), NADPH2 cyclochrome C-reactase (NADP), glutathione dehydrogenase (glutathione), Trehalose phosphate synthetase (carbohydrate), polyphosphae kinase (ATP), ethanolamine phosphae cytidyltransferase (CTP), trehalose phosphatase (carbohydrate), metal O-phospho glycerate phosphatase (glycerin), inulase (inulin), β-mannositase (carbohydrate), uridine nucleositase (amino acid), cytosine diaminase (cytosine), methylcysteine synthetase (amino acid), aspartate synthetase (ATP) ), Succinate dehydrogenase (succinic acid), aconitic acid hydrogenase (citrate), fumarate hydrogenase (malonic acid), maleate dehydrogenase (malonic acid), citrate synthetase (acetyl CouA) , Isocitrate dehydrogenase (citrate), LSNADP oxidase (citrate), monoamine oxidase (amine), histamine (amine), pyruvate decarboxylase (oxoacid), ATPase (ATP), nucleotide pyrophosphatase (nucleic acid), endopolyphosphatase (ATP), ATP phosphohydrolase (ATP), orotidine 5-phosphate decarboxylase (orotidine). By including a microorganism containing at least one of these enzymes in the object to be processed W, it is possible to effectively perform a decomposition process on the object to be processed W composed of many kinds of organic components. As these multiple types of microorganisms, it is preferable to use native bacteria in the natural environment of the sea, mountains and land.

  As these indigenous fungi, fungi that inhabit wormwood, wild grass, medicinal herbs, seaside grass, bamboo grass, bamboo bamboo soil, mountain forest soil, fish, seaweed, fruits, pineapple, apples, mandarin oranges, loquat and grapes are particularly effective. . These indigenous bacteria are used after harvesting wormwood and the like, marinating them and giving them nutrients, and then cultivating them with rice bran and sawdust. Similarly, other fungi can be collected from animals, plants and soils constituting the natural environment of the sea, the field, and the land, and cultured for use.

  The rotating body 20 provided in the casing 10 includes a hollow rotating shaft 21, a hollow stirring rod 22 that is spirally spaced in the longitudinal direction at a pitch of 90 degrees around the rotating shaft 21, and protrudes radially. The rotating direction which applies the said feed which has the heat sink 23 attached to the circumference | surroundings of 22 and inclined so that the feed part might be comprised, and the scraping scraper 40 attached to the outer end of the stirring rod 22 And is driven to rotate by the inverter motor M1. The hollow rotary shaft 21 has a plurality of holes 21a and 21b in the peripheral direction at positions corresponding to the steam intake / discharge holes of the sleeve portions 30b and 35b at the upstream end and the downstream end. The scraper 40 has an attaching portion to the stirring rod 22 and a scraping portion having a blade inclined so as to feed the scraped material. The scraping portions are formed in two places so that when one is worn, the other can be used.

  The heating part H1 on the casing side includes a steam supply pipe 31 that supplies superheated or saturated steam generated from the boiler 5 to the hollow steam chamber 12c formed inside the peripheral wall of the lower casing 12 through bearings 30 and 35. The steam exhaust pipe 36 for returning the heated steam to the boiler 5 is connected. The auxiliary heating unit H2 on the rotating body side is provided with bearings 30 and 35 for superheated or saturated steam from the steam supply pipe 31 to the rotating shaft steam chamber 21c and the stirring rod steam chamber 22c of the hollow steam chamber formed inside the rotating body 20. The heated steam is returned to the boiler 5 through the steam discharge pipe 36. A drain pipe 12e with a valve is connected to the lowest part of the hollow steam chamber 12c. The upstream bearing 30 has a sleeve portion 30 b that supports the rotary shaft 21 in a cylindrical housing 30 a connected to the steam supply pipe 31. The interior of the housing 30a communicates with the rotary shaft steam chamber 21c through a plurality of holes around the sleeve portion 30b and also communicates with the hollow steam chamber 12c on the peripheral wall of the lower casing 12. The downstream bearing 35 can also have the same structure as the upstream bearing 30 (the through hole of the shaft 21 is closed with a closing flange), and the connection to the steam supply pipe 31 can be a connection to the steam discharge pipe 36. . In the illustrated example, the downstream bearing 35 has a sleeve portion 35b that supports the rotary shaft 21 in a cylindrical housing 35a, and the inside of the housing 35a has a plurality of holes around the sleeve portion 35b. And communicates with the hollow steam chamber 12c on the peripheral wall of the lower casing 12. When the downstream side bearing 35 is not provided with the steam exhaust pipe 36 unlike the upstream side bearing 30, the steam exhaust pipe 36 ′ can be connected to the hollow steam chamber 12 c on the peripheral wall of the lower casing 12.

  The condensing parts 50 are formed on both end walls of the upper casing 11, respectively, a supply water chamber 11 b to which cooling water is supplied by the supply pump P, a discharge water chamber 11 c that receives and discharges the cooled water, and a supply water chamber. 11b and the discharge water chamber 11c, one end and the other end connected to each other, a plurality of cooling water pipes 53 provided in the longitudinal direction of the casing, a discharge port 59 for discharging the condensed water G, and the supply water chamber 11b and the discharge Between the water chambers 11c, a bowl-shaped water collecting portion 51 of condensed water G provided in the longitudinal direction of the casing along both side edges of the upper casing 12 is provided. The water collecting unit 51 collects condensed water G that is cooled and condensed on the inner surface of the upper casing 11 in addition to the condensed water G by the cooling water pipe 53.

  The cooling tower 60 is supplied with condensed water G and air sucked from the discharge port 59 by the vacuum pump VP. The cooling tower 60 cools the cooling water received from the discharge water chamber 11c with wind, and supplies the cooled cooling water to the supply pump P. Moreover, in the cooling tower, in addition to cooling the cooling water, the condensed water is decomposed.

  The cooling tower 60 includes a nozzle 62 for injecting cooling water, a flow lower part 63 to which the cooling water injected from the nozzle 62 flows down, a fan 64 for sending air to the cooling water flowing through the flow lower part 63, and the flow down 63. The water tank part 61 which receives the cooling water which flowed through is provided. The water tank 61 is connected to a cooling water pipe from which the cooling water is led from the condensing part 50 and a condensed water pipe from which the condensed water is led from the vacuum pump VP. A dust separator is interposed in the condensed water pipe. One end of a watering pipe provided with a watering pump 65 is opened in the water tank portion 61, and the other end of the watering pipe is connected to the nozzle 62. In the flow lower part 63, a porous filler made of resin is disposed. In the cooling tower 60, the condensed water guided to the water tank unit 61 is mixed with the cooling water, and the cooling water mixed with this condensed water is guided to the nozzle 62. When the cooling water sprayed from the nozzle 62 flows through the lower part 63, the temperature is lowered by the wind from the fan and flows into the water tank unit 61. The cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 60 is returned to the condensing unit 50 by the cooling water pump P.

  The cooling water circulating between the cooling tower 60 and the condensing unit 50 contains a plurality of types of microorganisms. The microorganisms contained in the cooling water are substantially the same as the microorganisms contained in the workpiece W in the casing 10 described above. In addition, the microorganism may contain at least one of the plurality of enzymes described above. The microorganisms in the cooling water decompose and remove odor components and water-soluble harmful substances contained in the condensed water G. The decomposition of odor components and the like by the microorganisms is widely performed in a cooling water circulation path formed between the cooling tower 60 and the condensing unit 50. In particular, it is preferable to use the filler in the lower part 63 as a carrier for microorganisms and promote microbial degradation in the lower part 63.

  The reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1 used in the present embodiment reduces the concentration of odor components and the like as a whole by mixing the condensed water G with the cooling water. Therefore, stable microbial treatment can be performed. Moreover, since the inside of the casing 10 is depressurized, the temperature rise of the cooling water when the cooling water exchanges heat with gas in the condensing unit 50 is relatively small, and the temperature of the cooling water is approximately 40 to 45 ° C. . Thereby, the inconvenience that the microorganisms in cooling water die by high temperature is prevented, the microorganisms are stably activated, and the condensed water G can be stably treated with microorganisms. Further, in the cooling tower 60, since the evaporation of the cooling water is promoted, the overflow hardly occurs. Moreover, the odor components and the like in the condensed water G are diluted with cooling water and are highly decomposed and removed. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent inconvenience that odor components and harmful components are discharged to the outside of the reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1. Moreover, the air in the casing 10 is guided to the water tank 61 together with the condensed water via the condensed water pipe by the vacuum pump VP. Odor components and the like contained in the air guided to the water tank unit 61 are dissolved in contact with the cooling water in the water tank unit 61 or the cooling water dripped from the lower part 63, and are decomposed and removed by microorganisms of the cooling water. The As described above, the cooling tower 60 also functions as a scrubber for air guided from the casing 10.

  Further, since the condensed water G is replenished in the cooling tower 60, the amount of replenished fresh water g to the water tank 61 can be reduced. The condensed water G is supplied to the water tank 61 after passing through a dust separator (not shown). The water tank 61 may be provided with a catalyst for removing odor components and predetermined components. Further, the catalyst may be included in the filler of the lower flow 63.

  The reduced-pressure fermentation drying apparatus 1 used in the present embodiment makes the microbial treatment in both the workpiece W and the cooling water effective by reducing the pressure inside the casing 10 with the vacuum pump VP. That is, the inside of the casing 10 is depressurized, and the boiling point of moisture mainly contained in the workpiece W is made lower than 100 ° C., thereby preventing the death of microorganisms accompanying the heating of the workpiece W. At the same time, the condensation temperature of the gas in the condensing unit 50 is lowered to reduce the temperature rise of the cooling water that exchanges heat with the gas in the condensing unit 50, thereby preventing the death of microorganisms due to the temperature rise of the cooling water. . As a result, the to-be-processed object W can be prevented from being spoiled to reduce the amount of odorous components and the like, and the decomposition and removal efficiency of odorous components can be improved.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the rotating body. The rotating body 20 ′ is formed by providing a spiral tube 22 ′ around the hollow rotating shaft 21 ′ instead of the stirring rod 22. The rotating body 20 ′ is wound around the hollow rotating shaft 21 ′ in a spiral shape so that one end and the other end are connected to the hollow portion and the feeding portion is formed around the rotating shaft 21 ′. The spiral tube 22 ′ and the scraping portion 40 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the spiral tube are provided, and the hollow steam chamber is constituted by the rotary shaft hollow portion 21c ′ and the spiral tube hollow portion 22c ′. . The scraper 40 is attached to the tip of a rod 25 that protrudes from the outer periphery of the helical tube 22 'at a pitch of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction and at a helical pitch in the longitudinal direction. The spiral tube 22 ′ is divided into two blocks A and B in the longitudinal direction in order to prevent a significant decrease in the heating capacity on the downstream side, and the upstream ends of the spiral tubes of the respective blocks A and B have the same high temperature. The rotary shaft 21 ′ is connected to the upstream portion 21c ″ of the rotary shaft steam chamber 21c ′ so as to take in the heated steam, and the downstream end is connected to the rotary shaft steam chamber 21c ′. Further, the upstream side of the spiral tube 22 ′. Of the workpiece W by providing the stirring rod 22 and the heat dissipating plate 23 which is attached to the periphery of the stirring rod and constitutes the feeding portion over both sides of the outer end of the one end portion and the other end portion on the downstream side. The intake capacity and the discharge capacity can be strengthened at the supply section 11a and the unloading section 12b, and the spiral tube 22 'has a large surface area and a large contact area with the workpiece W, so that it is supplied to the inside. To be processed W Efficiently convey, it is possible to improve the drying efficiency. Therefore, it is preferable to dry such a high excess sludge moisture content.

  Using the reduced-pressure drying fermentation apparatus having the above-described configuration, a mixture containing 80% moisture content, in which waste sludge, wood waste, waste paper and waste plastic are mixed with excess sludge, is subjected to reduced-pressure fermentation deodorization for about 1 hour and reduced pressure for about 30 minutes. By performing heat drying, a powdery deodorized dried product having a moisture content of about 15% and almost no odor can be obtained.

  At least one of iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder, and fly ash as a weight component is added to the deodorized dried product that has undergone the deodorizing and drying step, and mixed with a mixer. The added amount of the weight component is adjusted so that the specific gravity of the anti-slipping agent obtained after molding is 1.7 or more (preferably 2.5). A predetermined amount of the mixed material mixed by the mixer is cut out and sent to the molding process.

  In the molding step, it is preferable to use the following molding apparatus.

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a molding apparatus 100 used in the method for producing the anti-slipping agent of this embodiment.

  The molding apparatus 100 includes a screw body 101 in which a small-diameter screw 112 is provided on the distal end side of a large-diameter screw 111, and heat drying is performed when material is passed through a long molding sleeve by the operation of the screw body 101. A low water content bamboo ring-shaped anti-sloping agent is formed.

  The screw main body 101 is accommodated in the material supply chamber 120 of the main body casing 102, and the distal end portion of the small diameter screw 112 is coaxially disposed in a through hole of the forming 150 provided on the front side wall of the material supply chamber 120. ing. The forming 150 is formed by a taper member 151 on the material supply chamber 120 side and a straight member 152 on the front side, and the taper member 151 has a taper hole 151a whose size decreases toward the front, while the straight member 152 has a taper hole. It has a straight hole 152a continuous with 151a. A plurality of grooves extending in the axial direction are provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of the tapered hole 151 a and the straight hole 152 a, and the material of the anti-sloping agent guided into the holes 151 a and 152 a rotates with the small diameter screw 111. To prevent that. A sleeve 153 is provided on the front side of the forming 150, and the inside of the sleeve 153 communicates with the straight hole 152a. The sleeve 153 and the forming 150 are slidably accommodated in the cylinder 154. A fin 154a is provided outside the cylinder 154 corresponding to the accommodation position of the sleeve 153, and heat generated by a rooster (not shown) is applied to the fin 154a to heat and dry the material passing through the sleeve 153. It is like that. In the cylinder 154, a flange provided on the rear side is fixed to the front wall of the main body casing 102, and a cover nut 155 is screwed to the tip. By adjusting the screwing length between the cover nut 155 and the tip of the cylinder 154, the position of the sleeve 153 whose tip contacts the inner surface of the cover nut 155 and the forming 150 on the rear side of the sleeve 153 are adjusted. It comes to adjust. A key is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 153 and the forming 150, and this key is slidably fitted in an axial key groove provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 154 to prevent the sleeve 153 and the forming 150 from rotating. Is going.

  The screw body 101 is attached to the tip end portion of the drive shaft 107 protruding from the rear side wall of the material supply chamber 120. Specifically, the large-diameter screw 111 is fitted on a step formed at the tip of the drive shaft 107, and the base of the small-diameter screw 112 is fitted in a recess provided on the end surface of the drive shaft 107. . A cable 171 is fixed to the base of the small-diameter screw 112, and this cable 171 is inserted into a through hole formed along the central axis of the drive shaft 107 and pulled out from the end surface on the rear side of the drive shaft 107 to be bolt 172. And the small diameter screw 112 is fixed to the drive shaft 107. A pulley 176 is connected to the rear end portion of the drive shaft 107, and the drive shaft 107 is rotationally driven by a belt (not shown) wound around the pulley 176. The drive shaft 107 is rotatably supported by a radial bearing 173 and a radial thrust bearing 174 provided in a bearing chamber 121 in the casing 102.

  The molding apparatus 100 having the above configuration kneads and molds the light weight component and the mixed material of the binder component and the weight component. A predetermined amount of the mixed material mixed by the mixer is cut out and fed into the material supply chamber 120 from the hopper 122. The mixed material put into the material supply chamber 120 is kneaded by the large-diameter screw 111 of the rotating screw body 101, and then further kneaded as it is guided to the forming 150 by the small-diameter screw 112. The mixed material guided to the taper member 151 of the forming 150 is compressed and molded as it is fed forward through the taper hole 151a by the small diameter screw 112. The mixed material that has reached the straight member 152 of the forming 150 is formed into a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the straight hole 152 a of the straight member 152. The mixed material that has passed through the forming 150 is dried by the heat applied to the fins 154 a when passing through the sleeve 153. Thereafter, the mixed material formed into a predetermined shape and dried is discharged from the cover nut 155 into a rod shape. In this rod-like body, the amount of water is reduced by about 10% compared to the time when it is put into the hopper 122, and the amount of water becomes 5% or less, preferably about 3%. The rod-shaped body discharged from the cover nut 155 is cut every 10 to 30 cm in the axial direction, and for example, an anti-slipping agent as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 6A is obtained.

  The anti-slipping agent 181 of FIG. 6A is formed using a forming 150 in which the tapered hole 151a and the straight hole 152a have a substantially circular cross section. The anti-slipping agent 181 has a plurality of step portions 181a extending in the axial direction on the side surface and has a saw-like cross-sectional shape. This saw-like cross-sectional shape is formed by saw-like grooves provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of the tapered hole 151a and the straight hole 152a. When the mixed material is guided into the tapered hole 151a and the straight hole 152a by the small-diameter screw 112, the mixed material is engaged with the side surface of the saw-like groove that faces in a generally radial direction, so that the small-diameter screw of the mixed material is used. It is possible to perform compression molding appropriately by preventing the rotation with 112. As a result, the through hole 182 is appropriately formed in the center by the small diameter screw 112, and the bamboo ring-shaped anti-sloping agent 181 can be manufactured. As for the cross-sectional dimension of this anti-slipping agent, the diameter is 50-60 mm, and the diameter of the through-hole 182 is 10-20 mm.

  FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating an anti-slipping agent 191 having another shape. The anti-slipping agent 191 is formed by using a forming 150 having a taper hole 151a and a straight hole 152a having a substantially square cross section. The taper hole 151a and the straight hole 152a of the forming 150 have a square cross section with rounded corners, thereby forming an anti-sloping agent 191 having a substantially square cross section with corners formed on a curved surface 191a. The Since the tapered hole 151a and the straight hole 152a having a square cross section are hardly rotated by the mixed material guided by the small-diameter screw 112 on the inside thereof, a groove as in the circular cross section is unnecessary. As for the cross-sectional dimension of this anti-slipping agent, the length of one side is 50 to 60 mm, and the diameter of the through hole 192 is 10 to 20 mm.

  Since the anti-slipping agents 181 and 191 of the present embodiment include a weight component such as iron powder, the inner surface of the forming 150 in which the mixed material containing the weight component is fed by the small-diameter screw 112 and passes inside is worn. It's easy to do. Here, when the wear progresses, the cover nut 155 screwed into the cylinder 154 is rotated, and the cover nut 155 is screwed to the back side of the cylinder 154. As a result, the sleeve 153 whose tip is in contact with the inner surface of the cover nut 155 and the forming 150 on the rear side of the sleeve 153 are sent to the inner side, and the inner peripheral surface of the tapered hole 151a of the worn forming 150 and the small diameter screw The distance to 112 is adjusted to be the same as before wear. As a result, the compression force applied to the mixed material can be adjusted stably and appropriately by the operation of the small-diameter screw 112, so that the anti-slipping agent having a predetermined specific gravity can be stably manufactured. The forming 150 can be easily replaced by removing the cover nut 155 from the cylinder 154 and pulling out the sleeve 153. Therefore, the anti-slipping agent can be stably produced by simple maintenance.

  In the above-described embodiment, the anti-sloping agents 181 and 191 having a substantially circular cross section and a square cross section are exemplified, but may be formed in other polygonal cross sections such as an octagon. In short, it is only necessary that the shape can be prevented from being accompanied during molding and a through hole is formed in the center of the cross section.

  Further, in the above embodiment, heat from the rooster is applied to the fins 154a provided outside the cylinder 154 to heat the material in the sleeve 153, but in addition to heating with the heat of the rooster, the cylinder 154 is directly connected by a burner. You may heat. Further, instead of the fins 154a, a heating medium jacket such as heating steam or heating oil may be provided to heat the cylinder 154 with the heating medium, or the cylinder 154 may be heated with a resistance heating type or induction heating type heater. May be.

  Moreover, the anti-slipping agent of this embodiment can also be used for the converter for copper other than the converter for steel.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, as an organic waste used for a lightweight component, it is not restricted only to a surplus sludge, Agricultural waste, such as processing residue of a plant residue, agricultural and fishery food, etc., fishery waste Waste, agricultural and fishery processing industry waste and food industry waste can be used. In addition, newspaper, copy paper, cardboard, etc. can be used as the paper waste of the binder component, and pallets, wood, packing wood, plywood, pruned wood waste, leaves, grass and tree roots are widely used as wood waste. In addition to the simple plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, polyurethane, and polystyrene, composites of various synthetic resins can be used as the waste plastic.

  As described above, according to the present invention, after deodorizing and drying effectively by performing reduced-pressure fermentation and reduced-pressure heat drying on a mixture of organic waste such as excess sludge and binder components such as tart and waste paper, By adding a weight component such as iron powder or carbon powder, kneading and molding, and solidifying, an anti-slipping agent can be produced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a large amount of expenses conventionally required for the disposal of organic waste such as excess sludge, and the organic waste can be supplied inexpensively and stably. Can be manufactured inexpensively and stably. Further, it is possible to effectively use dust such as iron and coke, and building waste such as tatami waste.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus used for manufacture of the anti-slipping agent of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the casing of a reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus. It is a cross-sectional view of the casing of the reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the rotary body of a reduced pressure fermentation drying apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a shaping | molding apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a slipping prevention agent. It is a perspective view which shows another anti-slipping agent.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pressure-reduction-fermentation drying apparatus 5 Boiler 10 Casing 11 Upper casing 12 Lower casing 20 Rotating body 50 Condensing part 60 Cooling tower G Condensed water VP Vacuum pump W To-be-processed object 100 Molding apparatus

Claims (11)

Lightweight components obtained by deodorizing organic waste under reduced pressure and heat-dried under reduced pressure, binder components consisting of at least one of waste, paper waste, wood waste and waste plastic, iron powder, carbon powder, Coke powder and a weight component consisting of at least one of fly ash were mixed, and these mixtures were compression molded and adjusted to a specific gravity of 1.7 or more under the condition of a water content of 5 % by mass or less. An anti-slipping agent using organic waste characterized by the above.   The anti-slipping agent according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste includes at least one of surplus sludge, agricultural waste, fishery industry waste, agricultural and fishery processing industry waste, and food industry waste. Water content 3 wt%, and specific gravity is 2. The anti-slipping agent according to claim 1, wherein the anti-slipping agent is adjusted to 5. Light composition obtained by deodorizing fermented deodorized organic waste under reduced pressure and heating and drying under reduced pressure : 40 to 60% by mass ; and b) at least one selected from swarf scraps, paper scraps, wood scraps and waste plastics Binder component consisting of one pulverized product: 20 to 50% by mass , and c) Weight component consisting of at least one of iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder and fly ash: 5 to 10% by mass , each of the above The anti-slipping agent according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the component ratios is 100% by mass or less. The binder components are: A) Tatami waste: 10-40% by mass , B) Wood waste: 5-10% by mass , C) Paper waste: 5-10% by mass , D) Waste plastic waste: 0-5% by mass The anti-slipping agent according to claim 4, comprising:   2. A rod-shaped body having a circular or polygonal cross section having a through-hole of 2 to 20% in a cross-sectional ratio, which is a passage for decarburizing gas, in the center and having a length of 10 to 30 cm. The anti-slipping agent as described in any one of thru | or 5. A step of preparing a mixture having a water content suitable for reduced-pressure fermentation by mixing organic waste having a high water content with a binder component consisting of at least one selected from a small amount of water waste, wood waste, waste paper, and waste plastic; ,
A step of i) fermenting and deodorizing the mixture under reduced pressure; and ii) a step of heating and drying under reduced pressure to deodorize and dry the mixture;
Adding at least one weight component of iron powder, carbon powder, coke powder and fly ash to the mixture after deodorizing and drying, adjusting the specific gravity, mixing with a mixer, and then molding the mixed material; Including
The manufacturing method of the anti-slipping agent using the organic waste characterized by adjusting water content to 5 mass % or less and specific gravity 1.7 or more.   The method for producing an anti-slipping agent according to claim 7, wherein indigenous bacteria that inhabit the sea, mountains and land are collected, cultured and used in the fermentation deodorization step.   The indigenous bacteria include wormwood, wild grass, medicinal herbs, seaside grass, bamboo grass, bamboo bamboo soil, mountain forest soil, fish, seaweed, fruits, pineapple, apples, mandarin oranges, loquat and grapes, The manufacturing method of the anti-slipping agent of Claim 8 used by culture | cultivating with rice bran or sawdust.   The method for producing an anti-slipping agent according to claim 7, wherein the reduced pressure condition during the reduced pressure fermentation is smaller than the reduced pressure condition during the reduced pressure drying, and the reduced pressure amount is gradually or stepwise increased when shifting from the reduced pressure fermentation to the reduced pressure drying.   The indigenous bacteria are alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, L aspartate beta-semialdehyde NADP oxidectase, glutamate dehydrogenase. Anase, Aspartate Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase, NADPH2 Cytochrome C Reactase, Glutathione Dehydrogenase, Trehalose Phosphate Syntectase, Polyphosphae Kinase, Ethanolamine Phosphaid Cytidyltransferase, Trehalose Phosphatase, metalthio phosphoglycerate phosphatase, inulase, β-mannositase, uridine nucleositase, cytosine diaminase Methylcysteine synthetase, aspartate synthetase, succinate dehydrogenase, aconitinate hydrogenase, fumarate hydrogenase, maleate dehydrogenase, citrate synthetase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, LSNADP oxidase, monoamine An enzyme comprising at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of oxyductase, histaminase, pyruvate decarboxylase, ATPase, nucleotide pyrophosphatase, endopolyphosphatase, ATP phosphohydrolase, orotidine pentaphosphate decarboxylase A method for producing the anti-slipping agent according to 8.

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