RU2455118C2 - Glass-metal micro balls and method of their production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of composite materials, namely, glass-metal micro balls to be used in engineering, biotechnology, electronics and jewelry. Proposed method comprises making rods, their plasma spraying and entrapping formed glass-metal balls. Note here that rods are used consisting of metal wire coated with paste based on minced glass and binding agent. Plasma spraying is carried out at plasma generator output of 9 kW and rate of electrode feed into plasma torch of 8-12 mm/s.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and power intensity.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of glass and glass microspheres and can be used in engineering, biotechnology, electronics, as well as in jewelry.

A known method of producing glass beads ⌀ 5-500 microns by melting pre-ground glass [1]. Also known is a method of producing glass beads ⌀ 500-1500 μm from a melt by dispersion in a gas stream, followed by cooling and trapping [1].

However, despite the good quality of the product, these methods have the following disadvantages: the duration of the grinding process and subsequent sieving; energy-intensive technological stage of obtaining the melt and the complexity of the hardware designed for dispersion and capture of the final product.

The closest technical solution is the method of producing glass beads, which consists in mixing the components of the charge, forming the rods, their plasma spraying and trapping [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the length of the process, which consists in mixing the components of the charge in a ball mill, followed by drying, the significant energy consumption of the process of producing microspheres and low productivity.

The advantage of the proposed method is to accelerate the process of obtaining glass beads, reducing energy intensity, as well as the possibility of obtaining glass metal beads.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed method uses rods based on a metal wire coated with a paste consisting of ground glass and a binder. In this case, plasma spraying is carried out with a plasma torch operating power of 9 kW, and the rods are introduced into the plasma torch at a speed of 8-12 mm / sec.

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is an increase in the speed of introduction of the rods into the plasma torch, a decrease in the power of the plasma torch to 9 kW and the possibility of obtaining a new composite material - glass-metal microspheres.

Thus, the main distinguishing feature is the use of rods based on a metal wire coated with a layer of ground glass.

The inventive step is confirmed by the fact that a change in the composition of the rods for plasma spraying makes it possible to obtain glass-metal microspheres, reduce energy consumption and increase the speed of introduction of rods into the plasma torch.

The analysis of known methods for producing microspheres allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

A comparative analysis of the technological operations of the known and proposed methods made it possible to determine the novelty of the latter.

So, in the known method requires a long-time operation of mixing the starting components in a ball mill. In the proposed method, this process step is missing. One of the distinguishing features of the proposed method is a fundamentally new technological operations of grinding the original glass in a ball mill and applying paste to the surface of a metal wire (table 1).

Table 1 Technological operations of the known and proposed methods No. p / p Known method The proposed method one Mixing the initial components of the charge in a ball mill Grinding the original glass in a ball mill and sieving on sieves 2 Mixing the mixture with a binder in a ratio of 10: 1 Mixing glass powder with a binder in a ratio of 10: 1 3 Shaping and drying rods Application of fiberglass paste with a binder additive on the surface of a metal wire, followed by drying four Insertion of rods into a plasma torch Insertion of rods into a plasma torch 5 Trapping microspheres in a special collection Bead trapping in a special collection

The technological parameters of the known and proposed methods are presented in table 2. Distinctive features of the proposed method are the power of the plasma torch 9 kW and the speed of input of the rods into the plasma torch 8-12 mm / s

table 2 Comparative analysis of known and proposed methods No. p / p Options Units measuring Known method The proposed method one Plasma torch UPM-3 UPM-8 2 Plasma torch GN-5R GN-5R 3 The parameters of the plasma torch: - current - voltage BUT 400-450 300 - power AT 30-32 30-32 kw 12-13.5 9 four Plasma gas - Argon Argon 5 Plasma gas flow rate kg / s 0.0014 0.0014 6 Plasma gas pressure MPa 0.27-0.29 0.27-0.29 7 Binder - PVA glue PVA glue 8 The ratio of the charge - - binder" 10: 1 10: 1 9 Rods for receiving microspheres: - diameter mm 2-4 2-4 - length mm 250-300 250-300 10 Rod input speed mm / s to a plasma torch 2-3 8-12 eleven The diameter of the beads mm 1100-1250 300-1100 12 The composition of the beads - Glass based on Al ₂ O ₃ and Y ₂ O ₃ Section glass and metal (copper and aluminum) 13 Glass particle size distribution μm - 50-100

In the proposed method, the optimal technological parameters for producing glass beads are determined.

When rods based on a metal wire and a paste of ground glass and a binder are introduced into the plasma torch, the composite is intensively melted, molten metal particles are mixed with glass and glass-metal balls with a diameter of 300-1100 microns are formed. In the proposed method, the optimal technological parameters for the production of glass-metal microspheres are determined. Intensive melting of the rods and the formation of glass-metal microspheres takes place at a speed of their introduction into the plasma torch of 8-12 mm / s and a power of the plasma torch of 9 kW (table 3).

Table 3 The influence of the power of the plasma torch and the speed of introduction of the rods into the plasma torch on the formation of glass-metal microspheres No. p / p The power of the plasma torch, kW The speed of entry of the rods into the plasma torch, mm / s End product quality one 6 4-7 Glass casing partially does not melt 2 6 8-12 Glass casing partially does not melt 3 6 13-16 Glass casing partially does not melt four 9 4-7 Glass beads are formed together with microspheres 5 9 8-12 Glass-metal beads are formed 6 9 13-16 Glass casing partially does not melt 7 12 4-7 Glass filaments are intensively formed together with glass-metal microspheres 8 12 8-12 Glass filaments are intensively formed together with glass-metal microspheres 9 12 13-16 Glass filaments are intensively formed together with glass-metal microspheres

Example. Obtaining glass-metal microspheres from copper and blue cobalt glass

To obtain glass-metal microspheres, copper wire 1.0 mm in diameter and blue cobalt glass were used.

Pre-blue cobalt glass was ground in a ball mill, followed by sieving into fractions of 50-100 microns. A plastic paste was prepared by mixing glass powder with a binder additive, which served as PVA glue. The ratio of glass to binder additive was 10: 1. The copper wire was cut into rods of 300 mm and, by plastic molding, the wire was molded into a paste based on glass powder and a binder.

After drying, the rods were introduced into the plasma torch GN - 5P of the electric arc plasma torch UPU - 8M. The optimum speed for introducing the rods into the plasma torch was 8-12 mm / s. The power of the plasma torch was 9 kW / h. Argon served as the plasma-forming gas, the flow rate of which was 0.0014 kg / s at a pressure of 0.27-0.29 MPa.

In the process of sputtering in a plasma torch, glass-metal microspheres ⌀ 0.3-1.1 mm were formed.

Glass-metal microspheres as a composite material were obtained for the first time and have no analogues in world practice.

Literature

1. Budov V.M., Egorova L.S. Glass beads. Application, properties, technology. // Glass and ceramics. - 1993, No. 7. p.2-5.

2. Krokhin V.P., Immortal B.C., Puchka O.V., Nikifirov V.M. Synthesis of yttrium aluminum glasses and minerals. // Glass and ceramics. - 1997, No. 9, p.6-7.

Claims (1)

A method of producing microspheres, including the preparation of rods, their plasma spraying and trapping of the formed microspheres, characterized in that rods consisting of a metal wire coated with a paste based on ground glass and a binder are used, and plasma spraying with subsequent capture of glass-metal microspheres is carried out with a plasma torch operating power 9 kW and the speed of introduction of the rods into the plasma torch 8-12 mm / s.