TW201644326A - Universal dimmer - Google Patents

Abstract

This device is a universal dimmer which can be used at various power frequencies and power voltages. In addition to dimming original incandescent bulb, the universal dimmer can be used for dimming an LED light emitting device designed without an electrolytic capacitor. The variety of application products of the universal dimmer can be increased, but more importantly, the universal dimmer can be directly connected with many existing communication devices such as a smart mobile phone, so that a more convenient control way can be provided for a user.

Description

Universal dimming device

This device is a universal dimmer (Universal Dimmer) that can be used at various power supply frequencies and various power supply voltages. In addition to dimming the original incandescent bulb, this universal dimming device can also dim LED lighting devices that are not designed with electrolytic capacitors. In addition to the variety of application products that can be used for diversified dimmers, more importantly, this universal dimming device can be directly connected to many existing communication devices, such as smart phones, etc., so that it can be used. There are more convenient ways to control.

The use of dimmers has been a long time, and the dimming of the lamps through a variety of dimming devices allows the user to adjust them as needed. Traditionally, TRIAC-designed dimming devices have a very large change in the power factor (PF: Power Factor) of the circuit, in addition to flickering at low brightness, for example, from 1 to below 0.1. The more important issue is that this type of design cannot be shared between 50/60Hz and 110/220V different power systems. In order to solve these problems, there are currently products of universal dimming devices that are commercially available.

The traditional dimming devices are mainly divided into two categories: the first type is Leading Edge Dimmers, which is designed with TRIAC as the switching element. The working principle is shown in the waveform of Figure 1. The second type is Trailing Edge Dimmers, which is designed with MOSFET as the switching element. The working principle is shown in the waveform of Figure 2. Among the two waveforms, the thin line portion (V _AC ) is the AC power supply voltage waveform at the input end of the TRIAC dimming device, and the thick line portion (V _Dim ) is the voltage waveform at the output end of the dimming device, and the dimming device is The conduction angle is θ. By adjusting the RC value inside the dimming device, the conduction angle θ can be adjusted to adjust the power at the output load. In the circuit which generates the waveform shown in Fig. 1, when the RC value increases, the angle θ' at which conduction starts is increased, and θ' and θ add up to 180°. In other words, the angle θ at which the load conducts is reduced, which causes the total power output to the load to drop. Conversely, when the RC value decreases, the angle θ' at which conduction starts is also reduced, that is, the angle θ at which the load is turned on becomes larger, thereby increasing the total power output to the load.

Conversely, the circuit that generates the waveform shown in Fig. 2 turns the load on from the beginning. When the RC value increases, the angle θ at which the cutoff starts becomes larger. In other words, the angle θ at which the load is turned on is As it gets bigger, this will increase the total power output to the load. Conversely, when the RC value decreases, the angle θ at which the cutoff starts is also reduced, that is, the angle θ at which the load is turned on becomes smaller, thereby lowering the total power output to the load.

Since the two types of designs adjust the conduction or cutoff angle θ by the RC value, the power output to the load is adjusted. Each specific RC value is only suitable for a specific power supply voltage and power supply frequency. When the power supply voltage is different and the power supply frequency is different, the same product cannot be used together, so it is impossible to design a universal type using these two types of working methods ( Universal) products.

And the above two modes of operation will have the same problem, that is, the power factor (PF: Power Factor) problem, their PF value change will be very large, the maximum value can reach 1, the change to the minimum will be less than 0.1. In addition, the first type of circuit is very flexible during the duty cycle. When it is small, the lamps will flicker. That is because the TRIAC has different conduction sensitivities in the first and third quadrants. These two problems can occur even when used on LED luminaires.

The current Universal product is also designed with MOSFET switches, and its working principle is shown in the waveform of the third figure. Basically, this dimming device is used for incandescent bulbs, so even if the waveform is switched to a pulse wave state, as long as the energy storage element provides a high enough voltage and a large enough current at the turn-on instant, the incandescent bulb can be maintained. Some output power. By adjusting the width of the on-pulse, the output power at the output can be adjusted, and the characteristics can be operated at various power supply frequencies and supply voltages. Although this design is already a universal type, such a control circuit cannot be used for many current LED lighting devices that do not use electrolytic capacitors. Because the LED lighting device must use a constant current circuit, it can maintain the stable operation of the LED particles. For an LED lighting device designed without using an electrolytic capacitor, once the circuit voltage or current is switched to a pulse-wave modulation (PWM) form, the conduction period of the LED is reduced, thereby reducing the total amount of illumination of the LED lighting device. Therefore, it cannot be applied to an LED lighting device designed without using an electrolytic capacitor.

Most importantly, this product cannot be directly connected to many current communication devices, such as smart phones. In order to be applicable to a wide range of products, and to allow users to have more convenient control methods, it is necessary to redesign a new universal dimmer (Universal Dimmer).

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a universal dimmer (Universal Dimmer) that can be used at various power supply frequencies and various power supply voltages. In addition to dimming the original incandescent bulb, this universal dimmer can also be used without electrolysis. The LED lighting device designed by the capacitor performs dimming. In addition to the application of the dimmer, it is more important that the universal dimming device can be directly connected with many current communication devices, such as smart phones, etc., so that the user can be more convenient. Control method.

To this end, the main purpose of this creation is to provide a corresponding adjustment on and off time according to the AC power frequency, so that the conduction period can be completely adjusted from a very short cycle to different power supply frequencies. The entire cycle. Moreover, this adjustment method can be independent of the change of the power supply voltage, which is more applicable to all power supply voltage and power supply frequency systems. More importantly, this universal dimming device can be directly connected with many current communication devices, such as smart phones, etc., so that the user can have more convenient control methods, and can also increase the application of the dimming device. Product Category.

Because the circuit can automatically detect the frequency of the power supply, the universal dimming device designed by this technology can operate normally under the power frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz.

To achieve the above functions, the universal dimming device includes the following parts:

First, the bridge rectifier, the purpose is to rectify the positive and negative alternating current into a pulsating direct current, in order to pass the same light-emitting diode string in both positive and negative half cycles, so that the use efficiency of the light-emitting diode string is improved.

2. The power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit sets the parameters according to the detected power frequency when the circuit is started, and then adjusts the switch circuit according to the received adjustment period signal to control the conduction period.

Third, the switch circuit is based on the control of the receiving power supply frequency detection and cycle adjustment circuit Signal signal, which controls the conduction and cut-off state of the load.

4. Adjusting the signal receiving circuit for receiving the external control signal and converting it into a signal situation that the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit can accept, so that the power frequency detecting and the period adjusting circuit generate a corresponding control signal of the switching circuit. .

5. The power circuit is used to provide the power required to adjust the signal receiving circuit and the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit.

100‧‧‧ universal dimming device

101‧‧‧Bridge rectifier

102‧‧‧Power circuit

103‧‧‧Power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit

104‧‧‧Switch circuit

105‧‧‧Load socket

106‧‧‧Variable resistor

107‧‧‧Adjust signal receiving circuit

Figure 1 shows the voltage waveform generated by the Leading Edge Dimmers designed with TRIAC as the switching element.

Figure 2 shows the voltage waveform generated by the Trailing Edge Dimmers designed with MOSFETs as switching elements.

Figure 3 shows the PWM voltage waveform generated by the Universal Dimmers designed by the MOSFET as a switching element.

Fig. 4 is a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the voltage waveform generated by the load when the conduction period is large in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing the voltage waveform generated by the load in the first embodiment of the present invention when the on-period is small.

Fig. 7 is a second embodiment of the present creation.

Some exemplary embodiments for achieving the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different aspects without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the description and illustration thereof are in The quality is used as a description of the case, not to limit the case.

The circuit shown in FIG. 4 is the first embodiment of the creation. The universal dimming device 100 of the present embodiment includes a bridge rectifier 101, a power supply circuit 102, and a power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103. A switching circuit 104, a load receptacle 105 and a variable resistor 106. Three sets of circuits are connected in parallel between the positive end and the negative end of the bridge rectifier 51. The first group is the power supply circuit 102, the second group is the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103, and the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 A variable resistor 106 is connected in parallel, and the third group is connected in series from the top to the bottom of the load socket 105 and the switch circuit 104. The power circuit 102 provides power required by the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 through the connection between the first group and the second group. Between the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 and the switching circuit 104, a control line for controlling the switching circuit 104 to be turned on or off is connected.

After the universal dimming device 100 is activated, the AC mains voltage is first converted to pulsating DC by the bridge rectifier 101. Then, the power supply circuit 102 converts the pulsating DC voltage converted by the bridge rectifier 101 into a stable DC voltage, and supplies it to the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103. Then, the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 first determines the frequency of the power source, and then performs parameter setting in the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 according to the obtained frequency, so that the universal dimming device 100 The on period can be completely adjusted from the very short period to the entire period, and the period of the adjustment is not changed by the difference in the power supply voltage.

In the circuit of the conventional dimming device, the input AC power source is not passed through a bridge rectifier 101, but the AC voltage is directly turned on. Adjusted, so the output voltage waveform is still AC voltage waveform with positive and negative polarity. The universal dimming device 100 of the present invention is different from the conventional dimming devices. When the AC power supply voltage enters the universal dimming device 100, it passes through a bridge rectifier 101 at the input end. Therefore, the voltage form of the output of the universal dimming device 100 is the pulsating direct current whose conduction period is adjusted. Since the LED lighting device designed without electrolytic capacitor is used, a bridge rectifier 101 is also connected at the input end. Therefore, the pulsating DC is used as the output voltage, and the LED lighting device designed without using the electrolytic capacitor is similarly provided. Normal action. As for the traditional incandescent bulb, the illuminator itself is a resistor, so in the form of pulsating DC as the output voltage, the incandescent bulb can still operate normally. In other words, the use of pulsating DC as the output voltage does not affect the application range of this universal dimming device 100.

After the internal parameter setting of the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 is completed, the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 detects the resistance value of the variable resistor 106 and the voltage change of each half cycle, and then according to this The resistance value determines the corresponding conduction period, so that the load can generate a corresponding amount of luminescence. Since the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 always detects the resistance value of the variable resistor 106 from now on, as long as the resistance value of the variable resistor 106 is changed, the corresponding amount of light generated by the load is immediately changed.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show two typical waveforms of the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein V _DC is a pulsating direct current converted by an input AC voltage via a bridge rectifier 101, and V _Dim is a universal use. The voltage waveform at the output of the dimming device 100, and θ is the conduction angle of the load. The similarities between the two waveforms are that the lower voltage portion on each side of the half cycle is not turned on, and only the period of the higher intermediate voltage is turned on. This approach is clearly different from traditional dimming methods, especially the Leading Edge Dimmers and Trailing Edge Dimmers. The conduction and off-periods of these two methods are distributed in the first half and the second half of each half cycle. The problem is that the power factor (PF: Power Factor) of the two conduction modes is very high when the conduction period is short. The ground is low, even below 0.1.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, when the resistance value of the variable resistor 106 is adjusted to a relatively large on-period, the voltage waveform on the load has a relatively large on-period θ, as shown in FIG. When the resistance value of the variable resistor 106 is adjusted to a relatively small on-period, the voltage waveform on the load has a relatively small on-period θ, as shown in FIG. This mode of dimming, even if the on-period θ is adjusted to very small, its PF value will be much larger than 0.1, so that the working mode can not make the PF value of the entire circuit change too much.

The circuit shown in FIG. 7 is a second embodiment of the present invention. The universal dimming device 100 of the present embodiment includes a bridge rectifier 101, a power supply circuit 102, and a power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103. A switch circuit 104, a load receptacle 105 and an adjustment signal receiving circuit 107. As in the first embodiment, three sets of circuits are connected in parallel between the positive terminal and the negative terminal output of the bridge rectifier 51. The first group is the power circuit 102, and the second group is the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103. The difference is that the variable resistor 106 is connected in parallel with the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 in the first embodiment. The first signal is connected to the load receiving circuit 107, and the third group is connected in series from the top to the bottom of the load socket 105 and the switch circuit 104. The power circuit 102 provides a power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 through a connection between the first group and the second group. To adjust the power required by the signal receiving circuit 107. Between the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 and the switching circuit 104, a control line for controlling the switching circuit 104 to be turned on or off is connected.

As in the first embodiment, after the universal dimming device 100 is activated, the AC mains voltage is first converted to pulsating DC by the bridge rectifier 101. Then, the power supply circuit 102 converts the pulsating DC converted by the bridge rectifier 101 into a stable DC voltage required for the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 and the adjustment signal receiving circuit 107. Then, the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 first determines the frequency of the power source, and then performs parameter setting in the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 according to the obtained frequency, so that the universal dimming device 100 is turned on. The period can be completely adjusted from the very short period to the entire period, and the period of the adjustment is not changed by the difference in the power supply voltage.

After the internal parameter setting of the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 is completed, the adjusting signal receiving circuit 107 converts the control signal received from the wired transmission or the wireless transmission into a power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103. The digital signal or the continuously changing analog signal is transmitted to the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103. The power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 receives the signal transmitted from the adjustment signal receiving circuit 107 and detects the voltage change of each half cycle, and then determines the corresponding conduction period according to the received signal, and then Let the load produce the corresponding amount of luminescence. Since the adjustment signal receiving circuit 107 receives the control signal all the time, it converts it into a signal that the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 can accept. Moreover, the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit 103 will also The signal transmitted from the adjustment signal receiving circuit 107 is detected. Therefore, as long as the signal transmitted from the adjustment signal receiving circuit 107 is changed, the corresponding amount of light generated by the load is immediately changed.

In summary, the present invention provides a universal dimming device 100, which has the effect of reducing production cost because it does not require a transformer. In addition, the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit 103 adjusts the conduction period of the load according to the input control signal, thereby adjusting the amount of light emitted by the load. The most important thing is that during the dimming process of the universal dimming device 100, the variation of the PF value of the overall circuit is not too large, and there is no flicker when the conduction angle is small. Therefore, the light-emitting diode driving circuit of this case is of great industrial value, and the application is filed according to law.

This case has been modified by people who are familiar with the technology, but it is not intended to be protected by the scope of the patent application.

100‧‧‧ universal dimming device

101‧‧‧Bridge rectifier

102‧‧‧Power circuit

103‧‧‧Power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit

104‧‧‧Switch circuit

105‧‧‧Load socket

107‧‧‧Adjust signal receiving circuit

Claims (14)

A universal dimming device is a circuit for adjusting the amount of illumination of a lighting fixture, comprising: a rectifying circuit that receives an alternating voltage and converts the alternating voltage into a pulsating DC voltage; And the period adjusting circuit is configured to detect the frequency of the power source, and adjust the conduction angle of the load according to the received control signal and the phase of the voltage waveform of the pulsating DC converted by the rectifying circuit, thereby adjusting the illuminating amount of the illuminating device; The signal receiving circuit is configured to receive the control signal for adjusting the brightness and convert it into a signal that the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit can receive; a power circuit for converting the pulsating DC converted by the rectifier circuit into a stable signal The voltage is supplied to the power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit and the adjustment signal receiving circuit; a switching circuit controls the conduction and the cutoff of the load according to the control signal sent by the power frequency detection and the period adjustment circuit; wherein, the adjustment signal is received. The circuit converts the received signal into power frequency detection and periodic adjustment Circuit may receive the signal, then adjust the power frequency detection period and the phase of the pulsating DC voltage waveform obtained from the detection circuit, adjust the conduction angle of the load, so as to adjust the amount of light emission of the light emitting device. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is a bridge rectifier. The universal dimming device of claim 1, wherein the output voltage type is a pulsating direct current. For example, in the universal dimming device described in claim 1, the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit can automatically detect the power frequency and set the circuit to the characteristics suitable for the power frequency. For example, in the universal dimming device described in claim 1, wherein the on-period is decreasing, the lower voltage portion on each side of each half-cycle is simultaneously retracted toward the middle, so that the minimum conduction period is at each In the middle of a half week. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit adjusts the signal converted by the adjusting signal receiving circuit and adds the phase of the voltage waveform of the detected pulsating DC. The conduction angle of the load, which in turn adjusts the amount of illumination of the illumination device. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting signal receiving circuit sends the complex array of logic signals when the signal form acceptable for the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit is a logic signal type. The power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit sends a plurality of control signals to adjust the amount of illumination of the plurality of types. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting signal receiving circuit sends a continuously changing analog signal when the signal form acceptable for the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit is analog signal type. The power frequency detection and period adjustment circuit sends a continuously changing control signal to continuously adjust the amount of illumination. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the logic signal type is a high potential/low potential and a high impedance/low impedance type. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the analog signal type is a voltage, a current, and an impedance. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment signal receiving circuit is a comparator circuit formed by a double junction transistor, a field effect transistor and an operational amplifier combined with a resistor, a diode and a capacitor. It consists of a microprocessor and a monitoring program. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the power frequency detecting and period adjusting circuit is formed by a double junction transistor, a field effect transistor and an operational amplifier combined with a resistor, a diode and a capacitor. The comparator circuit is constructed by a microprocessor and a monitoring program. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the constant power circuit is formed by a double junction transistor, a field effect transistor, a diode, a voltage regulator component, and an operational amplifier combined with a resistor and a capacitor. The circuit is composed of. The universal dimming device according to claim 1, wherein the switching circuit is composed of a double junction transistor, a field effect transistor, an optocoupler circuit, a solid state relay, and a solid unidirectional conductive element.