[go: nahoru, domu]

Jump to content

User:Electionworld/sandbox/Belgium

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Multiple timeline of Belgium

[edit]
This scheme is a multiple timelime of the history of Belgium, part of the series of Series of multiple timelines of European countries and territories.
Introduction - Other timelines - Index of timelines
The Kingdom of Belgium (Koninkrijk België/ Royaume de Belgique / Königreich Belgien) is a federal kingdom, divided in regions and communities, with a hereditary king, a Federal Parliament with a Chamber of People's Representatives elected in free multi-party elections and a Senate with partially directly and partially indirectly elected members, and a government responsible to the federal parliament. Belgium is member of the European Union.
Roman Republic
Roman Empire
  • 27 BC: Gaius Octavianus becomes sole ruler of Rome and as Augustus the first emperor.
Gallic Empire
  • 260: The region becomes part of the seccessionist Gallic Empire.
Roman Empire
  • 274: The Gallic Empire is reincorporated into the Roman Empire.
  • 300s: Franks enter the Roman Empire as allies.
  • 395: After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is partitioned in the (Eastern) Roman Empire and the (Western) Roman Empire. Belgica becomes part of the Western part of the Empire.
Franks
  • 410s: Rome abandons the region, the Franks take over.
Kingdom of the Franks
Kingdom of the West Franks
  • 843: After the partitions of the Kingdom of the Franks, the region belongs to West Francia.
Kingdom of the Middle Franks
County of Flanders
  • 862: Boudewijn I becomes the first count of Flanders as a fief of West-Francia.
Kingdom of Lotharingia
  • 855: With the partition of Middle-Francia, the region becomes part of Lotharingia].
Kingdom of the East Franks[1]
  • 870: Lotharingia becomes part of East Francia.
Kingdom of Lotharingia
  • 895: The kingdom of Lotharingia is restored.
Duchy of Lotharingia
  • 903: Lotharingia is continued as duchy.
  • 908: Duke Reginar bears also the title of count of Hainaut.
  • 911: After the election of Konrad as king of East Francia, duke Reginar attaches Lotharingia to king Carolus III of West Francia.
  • 922: Carolus III is overthrown in West Francia by Robert I, but remains king in Lotharingia.
  • 923: Carolus III is overthrown and Lotharingia becomes a fief of East Francia.
Duchy of Lower Lotharingia


County of Mons
  • 964: Richar becomes the first count of Mons, inside Lower Lotharingia.


Lordship of Bouillon
  • 966: The Lordship of Bouillon is established, more or less separate but as far as known in a personal of dynastic union with the dukes of Lower Lorraine.




County of Louvain
  • 1003: Lambert I becomes the first count of Louvain.
County of Namur
  • 998: Albert I becomes the first count of Namur.
Prince-Bishopric of Liège
  • 980: The Prince-Bishopric of Liège is established. Bishop Notker becomes prince.
County of Limburg
  • 1065: Walran I becomes the first count of Limburg.
Landgraviate of Brabant
  • 1085: Count Hendrik III of Louvain merges his possessions and becomes landgrave of Brabant.
County of Hainaut
  • 1049: Herman acquires Valenciennes and merges his belongings into Hainaut.
Duchy of Limburg
  • 1101: Count Henri is raised in rank to duke of Lower Lorraine, creating the Duchy of Limburg.
  • 1106: Landgrave Godfried I has the title duke of Lower Lotharingia.
  • 1095: Lord Godefroy of Bouillon sells the lordship to Liège, making the prince-bishops of Liège lords and later dukes of Bouillon, ruled as part of Liège.
Duchy of Brabant

  • 1226: Duke Henri becomes by marriage count of Berg.
  • 1247: Flanders loses Zeeland to Holland
  • 1247: The personal union with Berg ends.




  • 1383: After his death Limburg and Luxembourg are separated. His wife Johanna becomes sole duchess.
  • 1383: After his death Brabant and Luxembourg are separated. His wife Johanna becomes sole duchess.


  • 1430: Duke Philippe III of Burgundy becomes also duke of Limburg.
  • 1430: Duke Philippe III of Burgundy becomes also duke of Brabant.
The Netherlands
  • 1432: Duke Philippe III of Burgundy becomes also duke of Hainaut and count of Holland and Zeeland and unites his possessions in the southern and northern Netherlands into the Burgundian Netherlands. Burgundy develops into a more or less de facto independent state nominally part of France and the Holy Roman Empire.
  • 1443: Philippe III becomes by conquest duke of Luxembourg, uniting them with other Netherlands entities.


  • 1465: Liège resists the pro-Burgundian bishops.
  • 1468: Burgundy surpresses the resistance and defeats the rebels.
  • 1482: Maximilian is succeeded by his son Philipp IV under guardianship of Maximilian until 1494.
  • 1504: Philipp IV becomes by marriage king Felipe of Castile.
  • 1506: He dies and is succeeded by his son Karl as duke of Burgundy.
  • 1516: Karl becomes as Carlos I also king of Spain.
  • 1519: Karl becomes as Karl V Holy Roman Emperor and archduke of Austria.
  • 1521: Karl V grants the Austrian lands to his younger brother Ferdinand I, whereby the personal union with Spain ends. He remains as duke of Burgundy ruler of the Netherlands.
  • 1526: With the Treaty of Madrid king François of France surrenders his claims to Italy, Flanders, and Burgundy in order to be released from prison.
  • 1552: King Henri II of France declares war on emperor Karl V with the intent of recapturing Italy. Part of the war takes part in the Netherlands.
  • 1555: Karl V abdicates in the Netherlands and is succeeded by his son Felipe II as ruler of the Netherlands.
Spanish NetherlandsSpain
  • 1556: Felipe II becomes king of Spain and brings the Netherlands under Spanish rule.
  • 1566: With resistance by protestants against the catholic Spanish rule starts the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the northern Netherlands.
  • 1579: The states general of the Spanish Netherlands split and part of it continues as states-general of a rebellion in the protestant north. The Union of Arras unifies the southern Netherlands.
  • 1581: The Northern Netherlands secede from the Spanish Netherlands.

Duchy of Bouillon
Austrian NetherlandsHabsburg Monarchy
  • 1713: After Treaty of Utrecht ends the War of the Spanish Succession, emperor Karl VI, ruler of Habsburg Monarchy, becomes ruler of the Netherlands, renamed into the Austrian Netherlands.
  • 1740: After the death of emperor Karl VI his daughter, Maria Theresia, becomes archduchess and ruler of Austria. Her succession is disputed and this dispute leads to the War of the Austrian Succession.
  • 1748: The Treaty of Aachen ends the War of the Austrian Succession. France withdraws from the Austrian Netherlands.


Republic of Liège
  • 1789: Liège becomes in a revolution a republic governed by a provisional revolutionary government.
United Belgian States
Austrian NetherlandsHabsburg Monarchy
  • 1790: Austrian rule is restored the same year.


Prince-Bishopric of Liège
  • 1791: The republic is abolished and the prince-bishop is restored.
  • 1792: Under duke Godefroy Bouillon becomes a constitutional monarchy.
Republic of Bouillon
  • 1794: Duke Jacques Léopold, who is als a French citizen, is arrested in Paris during the French Revolution. Bouillon becomes a French client republic with a provisional parliament and government.
French Republic
  • 1795: In the French Revolutionary Wars the Austrian Netherlands, Bouillon and Liège are annexed to France ending Austrian rule in the region.
  • 1798: A peasants' insurgency in the French occupied territories is suppressed by the French.
French Empire
Duchy of Bouillon
Kingdom of the Netherlands
  • 1815: In the Final Act of the Congress of Vienna, Austria, France, Portugal, Prussia, Russia, Sweden and the United Kingdom agree on the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the re-division of Europe. Its provisions confirms the merger of the Netherlands and the former Austrian Netherlands into the Netherlands. Napoleon Bonaparte overthrows Louis XVIII and restores the empire. He is [Battle of Waterloo|defeated at Waterloo]] by the allied forces and abdicates.The Netherlands are enlarged by incorporating the former Austrian Netherlands, Liège and Bouillon. Willem I becomes king of the united Netherlands in a personal union with Luxembourg.
  • 1816: Neutral Moresnet is created as a condominium of the Netherlands and Prussia[2].
Kingdom of Belgium
  • 1830: As a reaction to the Belgian Revolution, the Netherlands stage a campaign against the separatists. Under French pressure, the Netherlands withdraw. It leads to the separation of the Southern Provinces from the Netherlands and to the establishment of Belgium, including parts of Luxembourg. Belgium gets a constituent National Congress elected by limited suffrage. Moresnet becomes a condominium between Belgium and Prussia.
  • 1831: The new constitution stipulates a bicameral parliament with a Chamber of People's Representatives elected in free multi-party elections by limited male suffrage and a Senate with elected and appointed members. Every two years half of the seats in the Chamber are elected. Leopold, son of the duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld becomes king of Belgium.
  • 1839: The Treaty of London guarantees the independence and neutrality of Belgium and the recognition of the eastern part of Luxembourg as an independent country in a personal union with the Netherlands.
  • 1894: The chamber is elected by universal but unequal male suffrage. The senate is enlarged with indirectly elected members.
  • 1900: The chamber is elected for the first time under a proportional system.
  • 1908: The Congo Free State becomes a colony as Belgian Congo.
  • 1914: Most of Belgium is conquered and occupied by the German Empire. Moresnet is occupied by and annexed to the German Empire.

  1. ^ East Francia and the Holy Roman Empire consists out of entities with own rulers subject to the emperor. This remains under Burgundian, Habsburgian, Spanish and Austrian rule. With the annexation to France and the end of Austrian rule, the allegiance to the Holy Roman Empire ends in 1795.
  2. ^ Moresnet is governed by both governments and has an own mayor.
  3. ^ In 1993 with the Maastricht Treaty, signed in 1991, the European Economic Community is renamed into the European Community, the institutions of the three communities (the European Community, the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Coal and Steel Community) merge into the institutions of the European Communities, being the first pillar of the European Union. In 2009 with the Treaty of Lisbon, signed in 2007, the European Community is dissolved into the European Union, becoming an overall legal unit.