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共享資源:各地著作权法规/阿富汗

This page is a translated version of a page Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Afghanistan and the translation is 80% complete. Changes to the translation template, respectively the source language can be submitted through Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Afghanistan and have to be approved by a translation administrator.

本页提供阿富汗版权法规的概况,用以辅助向维基共享资源上传作品。请注意,任何原来在阿富汗当地发表的作品,必须在阿富汗和美国同时处于公有领域或是以自由授权协议发布,才能够上传至维基共享资源。如果您对于在阿富汗发表的任何一个作品的著作权有疑虑,请参考下列对应的法规来进行厘清。

背景

阿富汗在19世纪开始脱离英国统治。在1919年第三次英阿战争后,再次独立。至今这个国家仍遭受政变、入侵和内战的后果。

阿富汗在2016年7月29日加入世界贸易组织,在2018年6月2日加入伯尔尼公约和WIPO版权条约,自2021年2月9日起生效[1]

在2018年世界知识产权组织(WIPO),一个联合国的机构,列出了2008版支持作者、作曲家、艺术家和研究者的版权法规,这是阿富汗签署的主要知识产权协定。[1] WIPO在WIPO法律数据库中存有法规文档。[2]

2021年起执政的塔利班政府未受世界承认,但仍然执行现有的版权法律。[clarification needed]

持续时间

Under the 2008 Copyright Law, protection is as follows:

  • Works published or broadcast during the life cycle of the author shall be protected 50 calendar years after his/her death unless the author has decided differently.[2008 Article 16.1.1]
  • Joint works published or broadcast during the life cycle of the authors shall be protected for 50 years after the death of the last author.[2008 Article 16.1.2]
  • Works published or broadcast with metaphorical (pseudonym) names shall be protected for 50 years after the first year of the publication.[2008 Article 16.1.3]
  • Works not published during the life cycle of the author and in the case of the joint work, that have not been published during the life cycle of the last author, shall be protected for 50 years effective from the first year of publication and broadcast.[2008 Article 16.1.4]
  • ­ Audiovisual works shall be protected for 50 years effective from the first year of the publication or broadcast.[2008 Article 16.1.5] If the work is not published or broadcast, it shall be protected for 50 years from fixation.[2008 Article 16.2]
  • Photography and painting works shall be protected 50 years effective from the first year of publication and broadcast.[2008 Article 16.1.6]

民俗

Public Culture (National Folklore) is an expression which include characterized principles of traditional artistic heritage originated or developed by a group of people in the State which reflect their artistic heritage and include the following expressions: Oral expressions such as tales, popular poetry and riddles; Musical expressions: include popular songs accompanied by music or without music; Motion expressions, include popular Atans (national dance), plays and other special popular artistic and ritual forms; Identical expressions such as products or popular art such as drawings with lines and colors, engravings, statuary, pottery, needlework, woodwork, mosaic, metalwork, jewelry, knitting, carpet weaving and other textiles; Musical instruments; Different architectural works.[2008 Article 3.23]

National folklore shall be the public property of the State, the Ministry of Information and Culture, shall protect National Folklore by all legal means.[2008 Article 45]

版权标签

快捷方式

参见:共享資源:著作權標籤

全景自由

参见:共享资源:全景自由

  不可以,2008年的 "支持作者、作曲家、艺术家和研究人员权利的法律(版权法)"没有包含全景自由的条款。第39-44条规定的例外情况都没有包含允许自由使用可在公共空间发现的建筑和艺术作品的图像的条款。

第39条允许 "仅用于个人使用 "的已出版作品的复制品。第40条只允许为教学目的非商业性地使用作品的摘录。第42条是一个接近的条款,允许 "新闻或其他信息媒体 "发表 "向公众公开展示的作品,但必须明确标明作者姓名",但作品的类型仅限于 "演讲、讲座以及法律诉讼或类似作品",而不是建筑作品或法规。

原创门槛

参见:共享资源:原创门槛

According to the 2008 Copyright Law, work that may be protected includes: Photography work that has been created using an innovative mode; Innovative work of handicraft or industrial art (carpet designs, rugs, felt carpet and its attachments etc.); Innovative work which has been created based on the public culture (folklore) or national cultural heritage and art.[2008 Article 6(1) items 7-9]

邮票

参见:共享資源:郵票

Copyrighted 版权在首次投入流通50年后失效。[2008 Article 16.1.6]。对于50年前($年1月1日之前)出版的邮票,请使用{{PD-Afghanistan}}

参见

引用

  1. a b Afghanistan Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-08.
  2. Law Supporting the Rights of Authors, Composers, Artists and Researchers (Copyright Law). Afghanistan (2008). Retrieved on 2018-11-08.
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